高考英语专题复习专题十一词义猜测市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题十一 词义猜测,高考,英语,(课标专用),1/220,Passage 1(课标全国,D)词数:311,A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where,the liquid is not readily available.Developed by two doctors in the U.S.Department of Agriculture,it,s an excellent water collector.Unfortunately,you must carry the necessary equipment with you,since it,s all but impossible to find natural substitutes.The only components required,though,are a,5,5 sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic,six feet of plastic tube,and a containerperhaps just a,drinking cupto catch the water.These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on,your belt.,To construct a working still,use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet,deep.Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase,the water catcher,s productivity.Place your,cup in the deepest part of the hole.Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the,cup and the rest of the line runs upand outthe side of the hole.,Next,cover the hole with the plastic sheet,securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting,五年高考,A组 统一命题课标卷题组,2/220,the sheet,s center down with a rock.The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体)with 45-degree-angled sides.The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over,and no more than three inch-es above,the cup.,The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic.Ground water evaporates(蒸发)and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form,run down the material,and fall off into the cup.When the container is full,you can suck the refreshment out through the tube,and won,t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.,1.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?,A.It,s delicate.B.It,s expensive.,C.It,s complex.D.It,s portable.,2.What does the underlined phrase“the water catcher”in paragraph 2 refer to?,A.The tube.B.The still.,C.The hole.D.The cup.,3.What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?,A.Dig a hole of a certain size.,3/220,B.Put the cup in place.,C.Weight the sheet,s center down.,D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.,4.When a solar still works,drops of water come into the cup from,.,A.the plastic tubeB.outside the hole,C.the open airD.beneath the sheet,4/220,答案,语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为科普试验类。文章详细描述了利用自制太阳能蒸馏器获取,饮用水方法。,1.D细节了解题。依据第一段最终两句,尤其是尾句These pieces can be folded into a neat little,pack and fastened on your belt.可知该装置是可折叠、便携(portable),故答案为D项。,2.B词义猜测题。依据第二段前两句可知,画线短语指代是该段首句中a working still,故,答案为B项。,3.C细节了解题。依据第二、三段可知四个选项正确次序是ABDC,故答案为C项。,4.D细节了解题。依据尾段前两句可知该装置是利用蒸发到塑料薄片上水分凝聚成水滴,最终滴落到杯子中,故答案为D项。,5/220,长难句Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the,line runs upand outthe side of the hole.接着把管子放在恰当位置,使得管子一端一直放,在杯子里而且管子其余部分向上延伸到所挖坑外部。,本句为复合句。主句lay the tube in place为祈使句;so that引导目标状语从句,从句是and连接,并列句。in place在恰当地方;all the way自始至终。,高级语块,1.substitute,n,.代用具ponent,n,.零件,组成要素;成份3.productivity,n,.生产力;,生产效率4.secure,v,.把,弄牢5.fall off into落入,注入,6/220,Passage 2(课标全国,B)词数:289,I first met Paul Newman in 1968,when George Roy Hill,the director of,Butch,Cassidy,and,the,Sun-dance,Kid,introduced us in New York City.When the studio didn,t want me for the filmit want-ed somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me.I don,t know how many people would have done that;they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.,The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and,The,Sting,four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference,we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.We were respectful of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors:humorous,aggressive,and making fun of each otherbut always with an underlying affection.Those were also at the core(关键)of our relationship off the screen.,We shared the belief that if you,re fortunate enough to have success,you should put something backhe with his Newman,s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill,and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.Paul and I didn,t see each other all that reg-ularly,but sharing,that,brought us together.We supported each other financially and by showing up,7/220,at events.,I last saw him a few months ago.He,d been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was,and we didn,t talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didn,t need a lot of words.,1.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?,A.Paul Newman wanted it.,B.The studio powers didn,t like his agent.,C.He wasn,t famous enough.,D.The director recommended someone else.,2.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?,A.They were of the same age.,B.They worked in the same theater.,C.They were both good actors.,D.They had similar characteristics.,3.What does the underlined word“that”in paragraph 3 refer to?,A.Their belief.B.Their care for children.,8/220,C.Their success.D.Their support for each other.,4.What is the author,s purpose in writing the text?,A.To show his love of films.,B.To remember a friend.,C.To introduce a new movie.,D.To share his acting experience.,9/220,答案,语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。在电影界初出茅庐作者得到了著名演员保罗纽曼支持,从而取得了一个主要演出机会。他们建立了深厚情谊,这份情谊一直连续到保罗纽曼去,世。,1.C推理判断题。依据第一段中“it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知,这家电,影企业不想把这个角色给作者,是因为他们想把角色给像保罗这么知名人,作者还不够知名,所以答案为C项。,2.D细节了解题。依据第二段中“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of,American actors”可知,保罗和作者有着长久情谊,是因为他们两个人有着相同品质,所以答,案为D项。,3.A词义猜测题。依据本段第一句话“We shared the belief that if.”可知,尽管他们不经常,见面,不过正是那种信念让他们聚在了一起。由此推断出画线单词指是他们共同信念,所,以答案为A项。,4.B推理判断题。文章开头作者介绍了自己与著名演员保罗纽曼相识情景,后面描述了两,人交往和深厚情谊。最终一段指出两人最终一面是在医院。由此推断出作者写这篇文,章就是为了纪念自己一位朋友。所以答案为B项。,10/220,长难句,We shared the belief that if you,re fortunate enough to have success,you should put some-,thing back.我们有着相同信念,那就是假如你足够幸运而成功了话,你应该对这个世界有所,回报,本句为复合句。句子主干为We shared the belief。that引导同位语从句,说明belief内容。,高级语块,1.experience,n,.经历2.be respectful of 尊重3.humorous,adj,.幽默4.aggressive,adj,.有进取心,11/220,Passage 3(课标全国,B),词数:323,On one of her trips to New York several years ago,Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes,an-other customer was approaching their table.,“Hey,aren,t you from Mississippi?”the elegant,white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“I,m from Mississippi too.”,Without a second thought,the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up,she also pulled up a chair.,“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,”Welty said.“I didn,t know what my New York friends were thinking.”,Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave,it was pouring outside.Welty,s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel,her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚).,“My friend said:Now we believe your stories,”Welty added.“And I said:Now you know.,12/220,These are the people that make me write,them,.”,Sitting on a sofa in her room,Welty,a slim figure in a simple gray dress,looked pleased with this,explanation.,“I don,t make them up,”she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I dont,have to.”,Beauticians,bartenders,piano players and people with purple hats,Welty,s people come from after-,noons spent visiting with old friends,from walks through the streets of her native Jackson,Miss.,from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that,at 78,her left ear has now given out.,Sometimes,sitting on a bus or a train,she hears only a fragment(片断)of a particularly interesting,story.,1.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?,A.Two strangers joined her.,B.Her childhood friends came in.,C.A heavy rain ruined the dinner.,D.Some people held a party there.,13/220,2.The underlined word“them”in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty,s,.,A.readersB.partiesC.friendsD.stories,3.What can we learn about the characters in Welty,s fiction?,A.They live in big cities.B.They are mostly women.,C.They come from real life.D.They are pleasure seekers.,14/220,答案,语篇解读本文为记叙文,讲述了美国著名女作家Eudora Welty 在纽约旅游时一次经历。,她让朋友相信了她小说中人物都起源于真实生活。她善于和各种人交往,从而使她小说,真实、生动。,1.A细节了解题。依据文章第三段.the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner,showed up.能够得知选A。干扰项为C项,即使有大雨,不过没有破坏他们晚餐,所以排除C选,项。,2.D词义猜测题。依据上文中Now we believe your stories能够推断出选D。,3.C推理判断题。依据第八段中I don,t make them up和最终一段,能够推断出她小说中,人物来自真实生活。,15/220,长难句,Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.在纽约雨夜里,出租车比阳光,还罕见。,本句是个简单句。,高级语块,1.show up出现;露面2.make up组成;化装;编造3.give out 用完;耗尽;停顿运转,16/220,Passage 4(课标全国,B),词数:294,Five years ago,when I taught art at a school in Seattle,I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each stu-dent,and said:“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes todayand 45 min-utes each day for the rest of the week.”,A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several oth-ers checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.An-other group built something out of their own imaginations.,Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染)other stu-dents.,Encouraging this kind of thinking has a,downside,.I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare,“But I,m just not creative.”,17/220,“Do you dream at night when you,re asleep?”,“Oh,sure.”,“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imagi-native.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“That,s pretty creative.Who does that for you?”,“Nobody.I do it.”,“Reallyat night,when you,re asleep?”,“Sure.”,“Try doing it in the daytime,in class,okay?”,1.The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to,.,A.know more about the students,B.make the lessons more exciting,C.raise the students,interest in art,D.teach the students about toy design,2.What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?,18/220,A.He liked to help his teacher.,B.He preferred to study alone.,C.He was active in class.,D.He was imaginative.,3.What does the underlined word“downside”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?,A.Mistake.B.Drawback.,C.Difficulty.D.Burden.,4.Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?,A.To help them to see their creativity.,B.To find out about their sleeping habits.,C.To help them to improve their memory.,D.To find out about their ways of thinking.,19/220,答案,语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在西雅图一所学校教学时候为了更加好,地了解学生进行了一次小测试,而且有了新发觉。,1.A细节了解题。依据文章第一段第一句中I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a,term to find out something about my students可知,作者在学期开始使用Tinkertoys作为测试是为,了了解学生一些情况,由此判断A项符合题意。,2.D推理判断题。依据文章第三段第四句Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.可知,这个孩子在他作品上极有创造力,由此判断他是有想象力,故选D项。,3.B词义猜测题。依据文章第四段第二句可知,作者勉励这种思维就有失去那些有不一样格调,思维学生危险,所以可判断这种行为有不利方面,故选择B项。,4.A推理判断题。依据文章最终一句中Try doing it in the daytime可知,作者要孩子们在白天,尝试梦中想法,由此判断作者让孩子们说出自己梦真正目标是让孩子们看到自己创造,性,故选A项。,20/220,长难句,His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity,would infect other students.他出现意味着课堂上我突然有了一个教学助手,他创造力会感染,其它学生。,本句为复合句,其中that 引导宾语从句。在宾语从句中whose creativity would infect other stu-,dents为定语从句,关系词whose在从句中作定语。,21/220,Passage 5(课标全国,C),词数:269,I am Peter Hodes,a volunteer stem cell,courier,.Since March,I,ve done 89 tripsof those,51,have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I,ve got two,ice packs and that,s how long they last.In all,from the time the stem cells are harvested from a,donor(捐献者)to the time they can be implanted in the patient,we,ve got 72 hours at most.So I am,always conscious of time.,I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in,Providence,Rhode Island,and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I ar-,rived at the check-in desk at Providence,the lady on the desk said:“Well,I,m really sorry,I,ve,got some bad news for youthere are no flights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on,the desk and I said:“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patientplease,please,you,ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She ar-,ranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me,re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got,me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.,For this courier job,you,re consciously aware that in that box you,ve got something that is potential-,22/220,ly going to save somebody,s life.,1.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“courier”in Paragraph 1?,A.providerB.delivery man,C.collectorD.medical doctor,2.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?,A.He cannot stay away from his job too long.,B.The donor can only wait for that long.,C.The operation needs that much time.,D.The ice won,t last any longer.,3.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?,A.To London.B.To Newark.,C.To Providence.D.To Washington.,23/220,答案,语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作为干细胞运输志愿者Peter Hodes在美国,碰到飓风,航班被取消,以后得到帮助经历。,1.B词义猜测题。依据文章第一段可知从在捐献者身上取到干细胞到移植到病人身上最多有,72小时时间,由此可判断作者是干细胞运输者,故选B项。A、C、D三项和作者递送工作,无任何关系,所以可排除。,2.D细节了解题。依据文章第一段第三句可知作者有两个冰袋,而它们能连续时间为42小,时,故选D项。A项意为“他不能离开工作太长时间”。B项意为“捐献者只能等那么长时,间”。C项意为“手术需要很长时间”。,3.B细节了解题。依据文章第二段倒数第一句.re-routed me through Newark.可知选B项。,长难句,For this courier job,you,re consciously aware that in that box you,ve got something that is,potentially going to save somebody,s life.对于这个递送工作,你要意识到在那个箱子里你拥,有是有可能挽救他人生命东西。,本句为复合句,其中 that in that box you,ve got something that is potentially going to save some-,body,s life为宾语从句,而 that is potentially going to save somebody,s life则为定语从句,先行词,为something。,24/220,Passage 6(课标全国,A)词数:261,My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn,t fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later,when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations,signed off,for the night.For-tunately,I didn,t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never