任务型阅读理解解题分析市公开课特等奖市赛课微课一等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,任务型阅读了解,解题分析,第1页,阅读了解题经过不一样体裁和题材，要求,考生从文章主旨大意，查找详细细节；依据上,下文猜测词义；了解作者意图和态度；把握,文章基本结构；从文章字面和深层了解,角度等方面全方面考查考生判断推理、分析归纳、,逻辑思维、概括总结等能力。,浙江省英语高考新增加了任务型阅读，,此题考查学生利用语言“,做事,”能力，符合,当前英语教学改革方向。,一、总体分析,第2页,近几年高考阅读了解主要设题为：,1.文章话题;,(Topics),2.文章中心思想;,(Main Ideas),3.文章细节;,(Details),4.文章结构;,(Organization),5.文章寓意;,(Implication),6.词义.语义猜测;,(Conjecture),7.文章逻辑推理.判断,(Deduction),二、考点分析,第3页,(1)了解主旨要义；,(2)了解文中详细信息；,(3)依据上下文推测生词词义；,(4)作出简单判断和推理；,(5)了解文章基本结构；,(6)了解作者意图和态度。,三、考查内容,第4页,1.信息含量加大(文章题材与体裁各异)。,2.文章难易搭配适度。,(句子难度合理，但读速要求提升),3.很好利用构词法,恰当增加生词数量。,4.各种考查方法分布合理，今年又增加了,一篇阅读新题型,（6篇文章，25道题，,多侧面考查考生，了解推理题目增多。）,四、考题动向,第5页,五、阅读了解,解题方法,做阅读了解时候要熟悉高考英语,设问角度,，尽可能进入角色，使得高考英语设问格调在我们考前就知道，并能分析题干、选项与原文关系。高考试题干扰项编制水平很高，它们往往与原文某几个词或语句在形式、结构上很相同。有些干扰项似乎合情合理，但只有分析到,语篇内容,才能判断正误。这就是好复习方法。,第6页,（一）细节了解题解题思绪及技巧,细节了解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读了解题中最简单一个，多数属中低难度送分题。但因为高考所占百分比很大，应尤其引发注意。,这类题目标出题形式很多。比如：,1.Which of the following statements is true false？,2.Which of the following is（not）mentioned？,3.The writer states,4.The author mentions that,5.What time does the writer think is？,6.How manyHow muchWhereHowWhy？,第7页,做细节题,详细方法与步骤以下：,略读材料,大约了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。,按文章体裁，作者写作组织模式及相关信息词，如,for example，first，second,等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要事实。,将自己精力放在寻找你所需要细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细查对比较内容，直至找到答案。,请看04年浙江卷57题、58题、59题、62题、66题、73题、75题，湖南卷C篇(65题),第8页,（二）阅读了解中猜词悟意路径,判断一些生词有没有进行准确猜测必要。,依据词性和词法作出判断。如：,It,pictures,the life of Shanghai workers.,依据句中同义、反义、同等、同位关系作出判断。,Unlike his brother,who is a handsome man,John is quite,homely,.,依据文中对某一生词直接或间接解释来搞清该词,含义。如：,A,calendar,is a timetable of the days,weeks,months of a certain year.,依据因果关系猜测词义。如：,She felt,miserable,for her parents both died weeks ago.,靠常识和经验来推测语意。,第9页,词义猜测类题型常见设题方式有:,1.The word _could best be replaced by_.,2.Which of the following is closest in meaning to,the word_.,3.By_the writer means_.,4.In the _ paragraph,the word _,means(refers to)_.,5.The underlined word _ is closest in meaning to _.,04年浙江卷69题，河南卷74题，湖北卷第56题,04广东卷第58题，江苏卷62题,第10页,（三）怎样做主旨大意题,做这类题目时，首先要搞清是问某一段还是全文大意，可利用文中主要信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳，概括文章主题。如有标题，标题中蕴含信息往往是关键信息。另外，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开，所以，许多文章中最显著特点之一是有一个重复出现中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便轻易抓住文章中心。,04年全国卷1（河南等）E篇中major出现过八次，尽管其词性、词义有所不一样，但它就是关键词。04年湖南卷C篇66题。,第11页,（四）怎样做推理判断题,这类题特点是让考生依据已知文字或事实，推断出没有直接表示内容。推断内容包含作者态度、某个人物情感、事情发展原因或结果等，惯用词有：,infer,imply,suggest,conclude,等词设问。要做好这类题，必须找准文章中提供对应文字信息,尤其是关键词语，把握作者观点、态度或写作目标，借助上下文逻辑关系来判断，并能领会文字弦外之音。也可借助常识或文化背景来判断。,注意,调整自己思维模式，使之与作者思维模式相吻合，千万不要以自己中国式思维去衡量英美人观念及生活习惯。,04湖南卷63题，04河南卷B篇Fair way。,第12页,1.以词汇和语法为突破口,加强基础知识。,（高中学生应该有3500多个英语词汇。）,2.增加阅读广度,多看课外英语读物。,（读点英语报刊杂志与各种英文说明）,3.提升阅读速度,学会扫视、跳读、纵式,阅读。,（7分钟内能完成300字左右,文章，并能解答附带题目。）,4.依据不一样文章和体裁，利用灵活,阅读技巧。,五、备考策略,第13页,任务型阅读分析,年高考英语浙江卷阅读了解50分，共六篇短文，其中新增加任务型阅读一篇，分值10分。,任务型阅读,这一题型重视考查学生利用目标语做事能力,为主观性题目。省招办相关责任人介绍，今年英语卷内容和结构上调整，只是形式上微调，表达了在重视“双基”基础上，发展交际情景下语言综合利用能力教学理念。这么测试形式，能够考查学生利用语言“做事”能力，符合当前英语教学改革方向,。,第14页,一、,任务型阅读Task-based ReadingComprehension,这一题型貌似简单，似乎只是阅读,了解然后查找所需信息就能够了。,其实，远非如此。,第15页,理由以下：,第一、,这一新题型属于主观试题。,这说明英语高考在增加主观试题，降低客,观试题。这是全球语言测试大方向。,第二、,这一新题型属于信息搜集整理,（,information gathering,），并不是语言,层面考查，而是语言,利用,层面考查。,第三、,这一新题型并非简单阅读了解，而是要,求取得与信息相关信息。,第16页,第四、,纲领样题显示，新题型不但考查直接信息,了解与取得，更考查对间接信息取得。,第五、,样题显示，新题型不但要求取得信息，还要,求科学地表述信息。,第六、,新题型同时打破了原有分值百分比，代表一,种方向。,所以说，“任务型阅读”新题型是考查学生阅读信息材料、搜集整理直接与间接信息、科学表述信息能力。,第17页,二、怎样做任务型阅读,1.概览全文,概览全文目标是了解文章主要内容和基本结构，方便在解题时快速找到答案所在方向，也就是用最短时间了解文章主题，了解什么地方有什么信息，答题时就能够直奔该部分。概览时最好用笔在文章中心词下划线，使之醒目，各段中中心名词，如概念名词、事物名词或任务名词等，会提醒各段话题，使我们易于找到答案，快速答题。,（例子以下）,第18页,任务型阅读模拟题1,_,61.,Greg loves,drums,and his favorite,is,classical music,.,_,62.,Robert plays the,violin,his,favorite style of music is,country music,.,_,63.,James loves the sound of the,drum,and he likes,rock,.,_,64.,Harry says the best instrument is the,piano,.He likes to listen to,opera,.,_,65.,Kevins favorite instrument is the,guitar,and his favorite style of music is,jazz,.,第19页,A.,He loves to listen to,drums,.He says hes,not a player,just a listener.He claims to like,rock.,B.,He is,violinist,so of course its natural,that he should favor the,violin,.He prefers,country music,.,C.,His favorite is the,guitar,.However,he,hasnt played for years,so he keeps hoping,to start again.His favorite style of music is,classical music,.,第20页,DHe says,jazz,is his favorite music.He goes to listen to jazz every Friday evening.He also likes,opera,heavy metal,classical but jazz is the best.He plays the,piano,but his favorite instrument is the guitar.,E.,He claims the,piano,is more versatile than any other instrument.He loves to go to see a performance.He says,opera,has everything,color and spectacle and theatre and great music.,F.,He played,drums,when he was at primary school,and now he plays drums with his friends at weekends.They have a band.His favorite style of music is,classical music.,第21页,解题步骤：,让学生看清题干答题要求，概览全文约1-2分钟，首先了解到本题主要内容是,music,，结构是Greg等5人喜欢不一样乐器。进行快速阅读时用笔在文章中找出中心词：,drum,violin,rock,piano,jazz,guitar,等，并在下面画线，以利快速选项。,第22页,概览文章后，一个一个地分析问题，分析一个做一个，而不要一口气把全部问题都看完了，更不要把全部文章逐字逐句地读完再来做题。这么做法,第一个弊病,就在于阅读盲目性，造成宝贵时间浪费；,第二个弊病,就是你在阅读中会碰到很多生词，而这些生词很可能是你回答下列问题时根本包括不到，但你却会被它们搞得晕头转向，影响了你答题。,所以我们强调分析试题主要性。经过分析试题，能够看出问题类似以及答题需要哪些方面信息。,2.试题分析,(参考模拟题1）,第23页,试题分析以下：,1),阅读答题说明，看清试题类型，明确试题要求。,浙江省样卷题和,模拟题1,都要求是六选五，每选一个要和61、62、63、64、65中 Greg等5人分别兴趣相符，在A,B,C,D,E,F六个选项中对应选正确五个，其中有一项是多出，不然无法完成此题。,2),仔细阅读每段文章，找出关键词。,关键词也并非一定就选一个，尤其是在问题里没有任何轻易识别词时，能够确定,1-3,个关键词，因为参考词多，找起来就快，而且准确，也防止了一个关键词有时会把我们引入歧路危险。比如,模拟题1,63题，James 喜欢,drum,，而还要选,rock参考词是sound和like，这么选择答案A内容。再将关键词listener加以核实，选其正确答案就比较有把握。,第24页,3),排除盲目性,。,在阅读中会碰到很多生词，而这些生词很可能是你回答下列问题时根本包括不到，有些生词能够经过上下文猜出，如,模拟题2,中,bellboy,customs officer,模拟3,中,obesity等生词即使没有学过，但经过上下文，完全能够猜出。碰到生词别慌张，先放在一旁再说，经过内容推断。有些生词与答题根本没相关系。,4),预防干扰。,选项中，命题者往往设置在两段和两段以上选项中，有相同或类似内容。在答题时要十分注意，必须仔细阅读，加以区分，排除干扰，以免造成答题错误。比如,模拟题1中,C和F中都有一个共同句：His favorite style of music is classical music.而区分在于drums这个关键词。,第25页,5)复现率较强词句要十分重视，应加以比较和判断。,比如模拟题3中,obesity,在61-65题目中就重复出现五次，A-F内容中又屡次出现,其实它有英语解释（very fat 肥胖），所以一看到生词不要慌张。,不过，师生在复习迎考中，对新出现题型无须过分担心，更忌搞“题海战术”，“为语言而语言”，“为技能而技能”，而应重视语言基础知识和基本技能灵活利用，并在此基础上，重视英语阅读和写作能力培养。第26页,模拟题1答案,_,61.,Greg loves,drums,and his favorite,is,classical music,.,_,62.,Robert plays the,violin,his,favorite style of music is,country music,.,_,63.,James loves the sound of the,drum,and he likes,rock,.,_,64.,Harry says the best instrument is the,piano,.He likes to listen to,opera,.,_,65.,Kevins favorite instrument is the,guitar,and his favorite style of music,is,jazz,.,F,B,A,E,D,第27页,任务型阅读模拟题2,阅读以下材料，依据下面各小题要求，从以下A到F选项中选出对应选项。选项中有一项为多出选项。,61.Rich is a,bellboy,._,62.Marti is a,receptionist,._,63.Joseph is an,operator,._,64.Charlie is a,customs officer,._,65.Kim is a,weatherman,._,第28页,Yes,Madam,.It gets lots of sun in the morning.Now,the switch for the bedside lamp is over here.The panel at the head of the bed has a radio and a wake-up alarm.,Ive written out a,prescription,for you to take to the hotel,clinic,.Better still,Ill take it myself and have someone from the clinic bring the medicine to you.So far as I can see,youre a bit run down,overworked,.,第29页,C.,Yes.You will find all the,information,about the hotel on the,information card,in your room.The bellboy will show it to you.If you have any questions,just dial,“9”on your,phone,.That is our manager.He is at your service 24 hours a day.,D.,We interrupt this regularly scheduled program to bring you the following bulletin from the United States,Weather,Bureau.A severe,weather,alter is now in effect for all of southern Ohio and Indiana.A violent,storm,front is moving in a north-northeasterly direction.,第30页,E.,Your forms seem to be in order.Ill keep your health declaration and return your,customs,declaration.Please keep them with you and be prepared to surrender them when you leave Singapore.,This hotel has very good,telephone services,.There are three different types.First theres international direct dial service.It offers you a direct telephone service to more than 100 cities in the world.,参考答案：,A C F E D,第31页,任务型阅读模拟题3,_,F,61.The suitable heading for the paragraph,is“,Medical advances and obesity,”.,_,A,62.The suitable heading for the paragraph,is“,Obesity growth in the U.S,.”,_,B,63.The suitable heading for the paragraph,is“,McDonalds French fries,”.,_,C,64.The suitable heading for the paragraph,is“,Big meals and obesity,”.,_,D,65.The suitable heading for the paragraph,is“,Computer and obesity,”.,第32页,A.,Georgia is the home state of corn bread,barbecue,peach pie,and a whole lot of really fat people.-21.1 percent of the states population,to be exact,is,obese(very fat,).Ten years ago,the corn bread,barbecue,and peach pie were all just as good as they are now,but only 9.5 percent of Georgians were obese.,What changed,?Obesity is skyrocketing in every age group,in every race,in both genders,and in every state of the union.The most,obesity,region in the country remains the south-four of the five,but the spectacular recent growth in obesity is nationwide,led by Georgia but followed by New Mexico,Virginia,and Vermont.In,1991,a little over 12 percent of the country was obese;by,1999,it was almost 20 percent.,第33页,B.Well,one thing that has changed is the portion sizes as fast,food,joints like,McDonalds,.In 1970,McDonalds offered one size of French fries;today that size is called“small”.Eventually,it introduced a new size and called it“large”;today that size is called“medium”.There is a new larger size,but you dont have to settle for that-you can always“supersize it”and go a step beyond large.Therefore,bigger portions dont necessarily translate into bigger meals.When portions were small,you could buy two orders of fries and eat them both;now that portions are enormous,you can buy one supersized order and share it with your family.,第34页,C.,People are,eating,more,fries,these days,and there comes a question:Do big meals cause obesity or does obesity cause,big meals,?Did,McDonalds,decide on purpose to fatten us up or did its market research reveal that bigger customer s were demanding bigger portions?My money is on the latter.After all,McDonalds was just as greedy in 1970 as today,so if we had wanted supersizes back then,wed have gotten them.,第35页,D.,Well,what else has changed?Heres the thought:do the,scientific advances,result in it?Ten years ago,you couldnt read a magazine without walking to the newsstand or at least to the mailbox;today you get anything from the same chair where you work.Chat with friends and do half your shopping.Do these facilities make us fat?The facts suggests otherwise:Obesity tends to be highest in states where,computer ownership,are lowest,and that is true even after you control for income.Furthermore,increases in obesity highest in states where computer ownership are lowest.So,the evidence goes against the computers seem to keep us trim-maybe because they are so interesting that we forget to eat,or maybe because we burn calories in silent rage every time the system crashes.,第36页,E.,Likewise,incomes,have risen,but that cuts both ways.As we get richer,we can afford,more food,but we can afford better quality food.And better quality health clubs.On net,there is no statistically significant correlation(in either direction)between changes in income and changes in obesity.,第37页,And there is one plausible story:the 1990s saw the coming of,drugs,like Pravachol that can obviously prolong your life.With,medical,advances like that,who need to be thin?Certainly obsesity is bad for you,but it is not as bad as it used to be.The price of obesity(measured in health risks)is down;so rational consumers will choose more of it.,参考答案：,F A B C D,第38页,任务型阅读模拟题4,_61.This jacket will give you the greatest,protection,in,bad,weather.,_62.You can,remove,the hood of this,jacket when you,feel hot,.,_63.This jacket makes,more noise,when,you run than any other jackets.,_64.You,cannot buy,this jacket at the,moment.,_65.This is,suitable as,a fashion jacket,too.,第39页,A.,Fine Form$119.99,Features,Concealed hood(兜帽);front and back reflective trim;two side pockets.,Evaluation,This is an ideal jacket specially designed for the running market.It is heavier than some of the other models,but its certainly the best one to be wearing in the midst of a storm.Due to the weight,you tend to be in a sweat when youre running,which it struggles to clear.It is expensive but well finished throughout.The hood is bulky when rolled away in the collar and would be better unfastened.,第40页,B.,High Flyer$49.99,Features,Reflective piping;half-body lining;two side pockets.,Evaluation,If you want light and quiet,this is your jacket.The material must be one of the lightest around.It has a soft,cotton-like feel which cuts down on the usual noise of the jacket rubbing against itself.But while water initially beaded and fell off the jacket,in a heavy downpour it can become quite damp inside.However,it did dry out again particularly quickly.If youre worried about price,this is a good option.,第41页,C.,Run Riot$79.99,Features,Concealed hood;reflective piping;side pockets.,Evaluation,Their new material,Vortex,is extremely light,fully waterproof and seems to breathe pretty well.Rather than just a warm-up jacket,this really is a model we felt you could train in.The all-round vents help the body breathe,and though the mesh lining was sometimes damp after a run,the outer material wasnt.(NB The jacket is not on sale until next season.),第42页,D.Storm-trooper$119.99,Features,Reflective trim on body and sleeves;elasticated Velcro cuffs;thick collar.,Evaluation,Despite its appearance,Storm-troops weatherproof material has a soft feel.However,although the large back vents help air circulate,it doesnt keep you perfectly dry inside,and the fleecy collar doesnt help.Nevertheless,everyone who ran in the jacket liked it a lot.In fact,it looked almost too good to go out running in.The one curious thing is the color.Despite the reflective elements,near-black is a strange choice for a winter jacket.,第43页,E.,Arlo Blockout$99.99,Features,Double storm flap,at front;adjustable Velcro straps on sleeves;hood rolls away into collar.,Evaluation,As the dropped tail,slightly heavier material and storm flaps show,this is not specially a running jacket.That doesnt mean you cant run in it.You can,although you feel and hear it a lot more than the others.The water-proofing is excellent,but it struggles to allow any air circulation on longer runs.But if you intend to do more than run in the jacket,this is the one for you.,答案：.A 2.F 3.E 4.C 5.D,第44页,F.,Fine World$84.99,Features,Reflective piping on back of shoulders and logo on collar;detachable hood;two side pockets.,Evaluation,Fine World set out with the intent of finding a fully waterproof,breathable material and affordable price.It has largely achieved that with a coated nylon which is fairly light,reasonably quiet and certainly keeps out water.Where it suffers is in its ability to keep you dry inside.The polyester lining was always wet after every run,especially around the upper body,but its hood is able to be removed.,第45页,任务型阅读模拟题5,_ 61.,Michael,has been working hard and needs a holiday to relax,in wint