大学英语语法定语从句主讲2.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,鹰潭职业技术学院：刘志强,The Attributive Clauses,1/74,Underline the attributive clauses:,Dont forget the things that once you owned.Treasure the things that you cant get.Dont give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.,曾经拥有，不要忘记。不能得到，,更要珍惜。属于自己，不要放弃。,已经失去，留作回想。,2/74,请用定语从句翻译下面句子,1.他指给我看他丢钱包地方。,He showed me the place where he lost his wallet.,2.我不认识那个和你说话女孩。,I dont know the girl whom/that you speak to.,3.她是一个叫玛丽女孩。,She is a girl who is called Mary.,3/74,4.那些正在打网球男孩是我朋友。,Those boys who are playing tennis are,my friends.,5.你记不记得我们到这儿那一天?,Do you remember the day when we,arrived here?,4/74,Teaching Aims,1 To review common knowledge on the Attributive Clauses.,2 To develop the ability to use the Attributive Clauses.,5/74,基础知识,6/74,定语从句：是指在复合句中，,修饰 或 从句.,被定语从句所修饰名词或代,词叫做“”.,引导定语从句词叫“”,基础知识,名词,代词,先行词,关系词,7/74,Revision1,relative pronoun,关系代词,指代,在定语从句中所充当成份,人,物,句子,主语,宾语,定语,who,whom,which,that,whose,8/74,relative adverb,关系副词,指代,所充当句子成份,when,where,why,time,place,reason,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,9/74,How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there?基础知识,10/74,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive,Clause,限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause,非限制性定语从句,基础知识,11/74,引导定语从句关系词,指代人,指代事物,所属关系,指地点,指时间,指原因,who，whom，that,which，that,whose，of which,where,when,why,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识,12/74,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,关系代词实质,13/74,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,关系代词实质,a machine,the machine,14/74,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,关系代词实质,a machine,that/which,15/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,16/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,17/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,18/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,19/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,20/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,21/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,22/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,23/74,关系代词实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,that/who/whom,The girl,注意防止重复,24/74,Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.,2.My mother has a good book,which cover looks terrible.,3.This is the very pen that you gave it,to me before.,4.There is an old woman,that is holding,a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,25/74,定语从句重点与难点归纳,26/74,定语从句用法归纳,2.如何判断介词,3whose 的使用,4 as 的使用,1.that 与which,6 定语从句中的动词的数,5 when,where,why 与that,which 的区分,27/74,1.that 与which,1.Nothing _ can be done has been done.,2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand,?,先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,that,that,28/74,1.This is the best TV _ is made in China.,2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,1.that 与which,29/74,Ive read all the books _,you lent me.,that,先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that。,1.that 与which,30/74,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.,2.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.,先行词中现有些人又有事物时，,引导定语从句用that.,that,that,1.that 与which,31/74,1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that,that,1.that 与which,32/74,1.Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.,2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.,3.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much,.,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,1.that 与which,33/74,1）、看定语从句中动词与介词搭配,This is the book_ which you asked,注意：动词,短语,不能拆开,即介词不能提前,for,The old man whom I am,looking after,is better.,怎样判断介词,34/74,2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,with,怎样判断介词,35/74,3）、依据先行词判断，所用介词与先行词 搭配,This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.,in the front of,怎样判断介词,36/74,whose 引导定语从句,表示所属关系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,3 Whose 使用,37/74,There are in this class 20 students,_ are different.,A.whose backgrounds,B.The backgrounds of whom,C.of whom the backgrounds,D.the backgrounds of whose,Whose 使用,38/74,The earth is round,_ we all know.,_ is known to all,the earth is round,_ is known to all,that,the earth is round.,as,As,It,定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 含有正如之意，与之搭配动词普通是固定,4 as 使用,39/74,This is the same book as I lost.,This is the same book that I lost.,这本书和我丢那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢那本。,as 使用,40/74,This is such an interesting book _ we all like.,This is so interesting a book _ we all like.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢如此有趣一本书。,定语从句,as 使用,41/74,This is such an interesting book _we all like it.,This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,结果状语从句,as 使用,42/74,1.It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.,which,2 _ everyone hoped,Mary has won the first prize.,As,as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，,而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as,译为正如，好像。，which 则没有此义。,as 使用,43/74,注意：,as 与 which 区分,as,在从句中作主语时，后面常接,行为动词被动语态，,如,be known，be said，,be reported,等,如从句中,行为动词是主动语态,，普通要用,which,作主语。,1),She has been late again,_,was expected.,2),Tom has made great progress,_,made us happy.,as,which,44/74,1._ was natural,he married Jenny.,A.Which B.That,C.This D.As,2.Such signs _ we use in the experiment,_Greek letters.,A.as,are B.as,is,C.that,are D.that,is,Exercise,45/74,3.She is very good at dance,_ everybody knows.,A.that B.where C.who D.as,4._ has been said above,grammar is a set of,dead rules.,A.Which B.What C.That D.As,5.We do the same work _ they do.,A.which B.as C.than D.like,46/74,5 when,where,why 与that,which 区分Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.,）Ill never forget the time _,I spent with you.,）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.,）This is the museum _I visited last year.,when,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,47/74,5 when,where,why 与that,which 区分,This is the reason _(=for which)I didnt come here.,The reason _ she gave was not true.,whythat,which/that,指时间，地点或原因先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,48/74,6 定语从句中动词数,He is the only one in his class who _(have)got the teachers praise,He is one of the students in his class who _(have)got the teachers praise,has,have,关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词数取决于先行词,49/74,能力提高,50/74,什么情况下 whose和of which不能交换?,1.,先行词是人时，只能用whose,不能用of which,Its the first time,the boy,_ father is an engineer has paid a visit to our school.,2.,of 不含有所属关系时，不能用whose,She would like to read the novel,of,which a great number of people have,heard,.,whose,51/74,什么情况下用 who 不用 that先行词是人称代词时，如：,He,who,just heard the news of his fathers death,burst into tears.,52/74,1.Ill never forget the days _ we,worked,together.,2.Ill never forget the days _ we,spent,together.,3.I went to the place _ I,worked,ten years ago.,when/in which,which,where/in which,几个易混情况,及物动词,53/74,4.I went to the place _ I,visited,ten years ago.,5.This is the reason _ he was late.,6.This is the reason _ he,gave,.,which,why/for which,that/which,及物动词,及物动词,54/74,定语从句三步：,第一找出先行词,第二看先行词在定语从句中,语法功效（做主语、宾语或状,语）,第三选择适当关系词,55/74,专题专练,1.Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth visiting?,He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday,_ I doubt very much.,There is a lake near our schoolyard,_ depth is out of your expectation.,-Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?,-Well,anything is Ok for me.,5.The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library.,as,which,whose,that,which,=the lakes,56/74,6.Students in our school,most of _ are from the south of China,enjoy rice very much.,7.Can you think of a situation _ this idiom is used?,8._ is often the case,teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.,9.Which is the road _ leads to the village _ you were born?,10.The newcomer is from Jiangxi,_ I can tell from his accent.,whom,where,As,that,where,which,=in which,57/74,1).a.I saw some trees,and the leaves of,_ were black with disease.,b.I saw some trees,the leaves of _,were black with disease.,2).a.The professor is a little man,on the,nose of _there is a pair of glasses.,b.The professor is a little man,and on the,nose of _there is a pair of glasses,解题点拨:,是否有,连词,是区分定语从句和并列句关键。,them,whom,which,him,_,_,易混句型,1.定语从句与并列句,58/74,1).a.The news _our volleyball team,won the match made us excited.,b.The news _he told me yesterday,is exciting.,2).a.I made a promise _ if anyone set me,free,I would make him very rich.,b.The mother made a promise _,pleased all her children.,that,(that/which),that/which,that,归纳：,that,引导,定语从句,是对其先行词,修饰或限制,；在句中,作成份,(作宾语省略),指物时可用which代替；而,同位语从句,是对前面名词,说明和解释,。,that,在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份,，不能省略,不能用which代替。,.定语从句与同位语从句,59/74,1)a.It is in this room _I lived last year.,b.It is the room _I lived last year.,2)a.It was at seven oclock _he went to,school this morning.,b.It was seven oclock _he went,to school this morning.,解题点拨：,强调句型：,It is/was,+被强调成份+,that/who,+其它部分;,去掉 It is/was,.that/who,句子照样成立,;而定语从句,引导词在句中要作成份,。,that,where,that,when,.定语从句与强调句,60/74,Correct the sentences:,1.Im using the pen which he bought it,yesterday.,2.The man whom I spoke is from Canada.,3.July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.,to,that,61/74,4.Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.,5.Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.,which,who,Correct the sentences:,62/74,6.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.,7.The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.,that,why,Correct the sentences:,63/74,8.Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.,givesCorrect the sentences:,64/74,9.Taiwan,that we know,belongs to China.,10.The bike by which I travelled was his.,as,on,Correct the sentences:,65/74,1.This is all_I know about the matter.,A.that B.what C.who D.whether,2.Is there anything else_you want?,A.which B.that C.who D.what,3.The last place _we visited was,the Great Wall.,A.which B.that C.where D.it,Choose the best answers:,66/74,4.Please take the second chair_is over there.,A.where B.which C.who D.that,5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?,A.that B./C.which D.it,6.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98),A.which B.what C.whatever D.that,67/74,7.All of the flowers now raised here have,developed from those _ in the forest.,A.once the grew B.they grew once,C.that once grew D.once grew.,8.I dont like _ you speak to her.,A.the way B.the way in that,C.the way which D.the way of which,68/74,9.The weather turned out to be very good,_,was more than we expected.,A.what B.which C.that D.it,10.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten,Windows,most of _ hadnt been,cleaned for ten years.,A.these B.those C.that D.which,69/74,写作训练,70/74,Homework,Summarize the rules of,the attributive clause.,71/74,依据以下句子，完成短文。,众所周知，年北京将举行奥运会。英语作为一个国际语言，将会在交流中起着主要作用。作为一名高三学生，我们应抓住现在学习机会努力学好它。只有这么，才能为奥运贡献自己力量。,注意：要使用定语从句.,72/74,As is known to all,Beijing will host,the Olympic Games.English,which is an international language,plays an important part in communicating with foreigners.We Senior Three students should catch this opportunity to learn it well,by which we can make our contribution to the Olympic Games,.,73/74,Thank,you,Goodbye,74/74,