高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit10.pptx

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,高等院校硕士英语系列教材,综合教程（上）,INTEGRATED COURSE,1/74,Unit 10,The Role of Education,2/74,Content,Starting out,Reading Focus,Reading More,Practical Translation,Focused Writing,Final Project,3/74,Task 1,The following is a list of the core courses offered by colleges or universities.Select what you think are the three most important core courses from the list below.Compare your choices with those of your partner,s and give reasons for your choices.,(P276),Starting out,Economics,Geography,History,Physiology,Psychology,English,dancing,etc),Arts(music,painting,Math,Philosophy,Chinese,P.E.,Computer,Management,Religion,Law,4/74,Task 2,In the mid 1980s,Chinas college enrollment rate stood at about 3%of the population,lower than that of many other developing countries.In the early 1990s,the number rose to 5%.In 1999,universities enrolled 1.59 million students,which was a 41.2 percent rise from the previous year.Since then,the numbers have just kept climbing.In,the college enrollment rate reached 15%percent.It rose to 19%in.Some people think the expansion policy is necessary to improve the quality of the nations education while others believe that the expansion is responsible for a decline in the quality of teaching as well as the intense competition in the job market.What is your opinion on this issue?Use examples,facts or figures to support your ideas.,(P276),Starting out,Task 2,5/74,Task 2,Useful words and expressions:,Starting out,Task 2,a just,equitable and productive society,quality of education,skilled workforce,low-income areas,minority students,rising tuition fees,heavy financial burden,meet the demands of the workplace,incapable of tackling practical problems,boost economic development,increase the skill base of the country,6/74,Task 3,In most parts of China,when students reach the second grade at senior high school,they are required to specialize in either science or arts courses.The two courses are very different and some people dislike being streamlined so early in their educational career.What do you think of this practice?Talk to your partner and tell them about your experience.(,P277,),Starting out,Task 3,7/74,Starting out,Now watch a video about Princeton University.Listen carefully and complete the blank-filling exercise.,8/74,1.Princeton University is located in Princeton,New Jersey in the suburban historic town of_ including farmlands and forests.,2.One of the things that weve seen in the last years is,_in the class.,3.Princeton offers one of the strongest financial aid programs in the country.Thats why 58%of undergraduates receive financial aid thats not needed _.,4.Some of the most popular majors in Princeton are politics,history,_.,5.Our faculties are leaders in their fields and theyre pushing back _ in terms of their research.,Starting out,diverse surroundings,the gender balance,to be paid back,molecular biology and engineering,intellectual limits,9/74,The Role of the Academy in Times of Crisis,Reading Focus,10/74,Global Understanding,2,Detailed Information,3,Critical Thinking,4,Language Points,5,Reading Focus,Vocabulary in Action,6,Background Information,1,11/74,Listen to a talk on education and educational system,and answer the following questions.,1)What,s the purpose of education?,2)What,s thought to be fashionable in many modern,countries?,3)Why do some people refuse to do what they think of as,low jobs?,4)Why is the work of a completely uneducated farmer far,more important than that of a professor?,5)What kind of education is valuable to the society?,Background Information,12/74,Reading Focus,Global Understanding,Task 1,It,s important to be able to find the main idea in a paragraph.The main idea tells the reader what the paragraph is mostly about.All of the other sentences in a paragraph are details that tell the reader more about the main idea.The main idea is usually stated in a topic sentence.The topic sentence is often the first sentence or it may come a little later in the paragraph or even at the end.It,s important to be able to distinguish the main idea from the supporting details in reading materials.Sometimes the main idea is not written explicitly but rather suggested.Sometimes it may be expressed in more than one sentence.There are seven paragraphs in this text.,Write down the main idea of each paragraph.(P283),13/74,Para 1:,Para 2:,Para 3:,Para 4:,Reading Focus,Global Understanding,Our societys confidence in its institutions of higher education is clear from the generosity of government investment in research but it comes with expectation.,Modern academic study relates to the world;it is not apart from it as in the past.,American society has a long-standing consensus about the value of education.,We have an obligation to search for new ideas and knowledge.,14/74,Para,5:,Para,6:,Para,7:,Reading Focus,Global Understanding,We have an obligation to disseminate new idea and knowledge.,We have the third obligation to educate the next generation of citizens and leaders.,We should cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students.,15/74,Task 2,Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text.,(P284),Key:,2 3 4 5,6 7 8 9 10,B,C,B,B,C,C,A,C,C,C,Reading Focus,Detailed Information,16/74,Critical Thinking,Reading Focus,17/74,Step One,Read the following sentences from the text and decide whether you agree with the author.Work in groups to provide examples to support or argue against the author,s opinions.,Reading,Focus,Critical Thinking,The search for new ideas and knowledge is not and cannot be motivated by utilitarian concern.,We should first and foremost cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students.,18/74,Step Two,Discuss with your partner the following questions.,What do you think is the purpose of education?,Do you think the idea of a liberal arts education as preparation for a profession is a narrow one?Why or why not?,Reading,Focus,Critical Thinking,19/74,Our society,s confidence in its institutions of higher education is expressed through the generous investments of the federal and state governments in basic and applied research,investments that wisely,couple,support for research,with,support for graduate education.(,Para 2,),couple,with,:,if one thing is coupled with,another,they happen or exist together and produce a particular result,并提；加上,e.g.,1)Lack of rain coupled with high temperatures,caused the crops to fail.,2)His energy and intelligence,coupled with her skill,and patience,overcame all difficulties.,Reading Focus,Language Point,20/74,2.In times of trouble,it is especially important that we,live up to,these expectations.(,Para 2,),live up to,:,if something or someone lives up to a standard,reputation,or promise,they do as well as they were expected to,do what they promised,符合（标准）；不负（盛名）；推行（诺言）,e.g.,1)He works hard and will probably live up to his,parents expectations.,2)The bank is insolvent and is unable to live up to its,obligations.,Reading Focus,Language Point,21/74,3.The medieval image of the university as an ivory tower,with scholars turned inward in solitary,contemplation,immunized from the cares of the day,is an image that has been,superseded,by the modern university constructed not of ivory,but of a highly porous material,one that allows free,diffusion,in both directions.(,Para 3,),contemplation,(,n.,):,quiet,serious thinking about something,沉思,e.g.,1)He is lost in contemplation about his future.,2)The monks spend an hour in contemplation each,morning.,supersede,(,v.,):,to replace,代替，取代,e.g.,Television superseded radio in the fifties.,Reading Focus,Language Point,22/74,diffusion,(,n.,):,spreading ideas orinformation among a lot of people 传输，散播,e.g.,1)The diffusion of ideas across borders is,one,reason for Europes success.,2)The diffusion of news by radio and TV,may be,affected by the Internet.,翻译：,中世纪大学形象是一座象牙塔，学者们远离社会进行孤独沉思，不关心窗外之事,这一形象已被当代大学所取代,当代大学不是象牙构筑，而是高度开放机构，允许内外自由交流。,Reading Focus,Language Point,23/74,4.We also have learned that it is unwise to search only in predictable places,for new knowledge often depends upon preparing fertile ground in obscure places where,serendipity,and good luck,as well as deep intelligence,can sprout.,(,Para 4,),serendipity,(n.),:,the natural ability to make interesting or valuable discoveries by accident,翻译：,同时，我们也得知，只在可预知领域来挖掘知识是不明智，因为新知识往往依赖于在未知领域准备好肥沃土壤，在那些领域，好运气同深奥智慧一样能,开花结果。,Reading Focus,Language Point,24/74,5.Freedom of inquiry,which is one of our most cherished organizing principles,is not just a moral,imperative,it is a practical necessity.(,Para 4,),imperative,(,n,.):,an essential or urgent thing,需要,e.g.,1)Tackling malaria is now an international imperative.,2)Distributing food aid is an important moral imperative in that society.,imperative,(,adj,.):,extremely important and needing to be done or dealt with immediately,急需,e.g.,1)It is imperative that politicians should be good communicators.,2)It is imperative to meet face to face with the client.,Reading Focus,Language Point,25/74,6.It consists in the power to distinguish good reasoning from bad,in the power to digest and interpret evidence,in the habit of,catholic,observation and a preference for the,non-partisan,point of view,in an addiction to clear and logical processes of thought and yet an instinctive desire to interpret rather than to stick to the letter of reasoning,in a taste for knowledge and a deep respect for the integrity of the human mind.(,Para 6,),catholic,(,adj,.):,including a very wide variety of things,广泛,普遍,e.g.,1)She has a catholic taste in music.,2)You have a catholic array of books on your bookshelf.,Reading Focus,Language Point,26/74,non-partisan,(,adj,.):,not supporting the ideas of any political party or group,无党派,翻译：,它包含了：区分正确推理与错误推理能力，消化,与阐释论据能力，广泛观察习惯，对于持客观,看法偏好，执着于清楚有条理思维过程，本能,地热衷于阐释内涵而不拘泥于推论字面意义，对,知识鉴赏力，对人类健全心智无限尊重。,Reading Focus,Language Point,27/74,Key,1-2-3-4-5-,6-7-8-9-10-,Task 1Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence.,(P287),Reading Focus,Vocabulary in Action,A,C,D,B,B,B,C,D,A,B,28/74,Task 2,1.To solve a problem you have to understand its _ causes.,2.Once weve had the disease,were usually _ for life.,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box.Change the form if necessary.,(P288),impart eloquent immunize illumination scholar,imperative diffusion vulnerability foremost underlie,Reading Focus,Vocabulary in Action,underlying,immune,29/74,3.I was rather quiet as I didnt feel I had much wisdom to _ on the subject.,4.A broad and balanced education is a(n)_ for raising standards.,5.The fort was _ to attack from the north.,6.Their ideas _ quickly across Europe.,impart eloquent immunize illumination scholar imperative diffusion vulnerability foremost underlie,Reading Focus,Vocabulary in Action,impart,imperative,vulnerable,diffused,30/74,7.Economic concerns are _ in many voters minds.,8.I went to a(n)_ lecture this morning.,9.The report _ the difficult issues at the heart of scientific policy.,10.He is a man of ambition and _.,impart eloquent immunize illumination scholar imperative diffusion vulnerability foremost underlie,Reading Focus,Vocabulary in Action,foremost,scholarly,illuminated,eloquence,31/74,Task 3,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box.Change the form if necessary.,(P288),Key,1-2-,3-4-,5-6-,7-8-,9-10-,deeper,contribute,explore,potential,how,productive,likely,produce,Nationally,dedicated,Reading Focus,Vocabulary in Action,32/74,America,s Failure in Science Education,Reading More,33/74,Reading More,Global Understanding,Critical Thinking,Language Points,Vocabulary in Action,1,2,3,4,34/74,Complete the following extract with information from the text,.,When it comes to educating the next generation in subjects of science and technology,US students have fallen far behind their competitors in much of Western Europe and,1),_.According to the Third International Mathematics and Science Study,by the time US students reach their senior year of high school,they rank below,2),_ in 17 other countries in,3),_.,This trend has disturbing implications not just for the future of American technological leadership but for,4),_.Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan warned that the country has developed a shortage of highly skilled workers and,5),_ lesser-skilled workers and the National Science Board has expressed the same concern in a recent report.,Reading,More,Global,Understanding,Asian nations,their counterparts,math and science literacy,the broader economy,a surplus of,35/74,A number of factors contribute to the situation.Firstly,until now,America has compensated for its lack of educated scientists by,6),_.But it may not be able to continue to rely on this as brilliant young scientists in overseas countries find they have,7),_ in their home countries.Secondly,President Bush,s education-reform initiative,No Child Left Behind,may be,8),_,because NCLB currently requires that students be tested only in,9),_.Finally,there is a severe shortage of,10),_.A large number of science teachers in high schools don,t even have,11),_ in science.Moreover,even those who have a science degree are often teaching outside,12),_.,Reading,More,Global,Understanding,importing brainpower,better working opportunities,exacerbating the problem,reading and math,qualified science teachers,a major or minor,their area of expertise,36/74,Critical Thinking,Reading More,37/74,Discuss the following questions with your partner and then report your ideas to the class.,Reading,More,Critical Thinking,Do you want to further your study in an overseas country?Why or why not?If yes,which overseas country will you consider first?Why?,38/74,Reading,More,Critical Thinking,The author thinks that bright young Indian or Chinese scientists may well have better opportunities at home than in the US as globalization accelerates.Do you agree with him?Why or why not?,39/74,1.But,brace,yourself,for,what you,ll find.,(,Para.1,),brace,for,：,to mentally or physically prepare for something unpleasant that is going to happen,使准备迎接（困难）,e.g.,1)The city braced itself for the possibility,of another earthquake.,2)Nancy braced herself for the inevitable,arguments.,Reading More,Language Point,40/74,2.,“,the future strength of the US science and engineering workforce is,imperiled,”,(,Para.3,),imperil(,v.,),:,to put something or someone in danger,危及,e.g.,The whole project was imperiled by a lack,of funds.,Reading More,Language Point,41/74,3.,“,the global competition for science and engineering talent is,intensifying,.,”,(,Para.5,),intensify,(,v.,),:,to increase in degree or strength,or to make something do this,加强，增强,e.g.,1)His mothers death intensified his loneliness.,2)E