中考英语--语法专题研究-专题2-代词市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第二部分 语法专题研究,专题二 代 词,(必考：每卷37道，3.510分，单项选择、完形、短文填空）,第1页,命题点1 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词,命题点2 普通不定代词,命题点3 复合不定代词,命题点4 指示代词,命题点5 疑问代词,第2页,命题点1 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词,(必考：每卷13道，14.5分，单项选择、完形、短文填空),中考试练,【重庆7年真题(,)】,1.(A卷23题)Do you like watching,pingpong matches?,Yes,and_ favorite pingpong,player is Ma Long.,A.we B.us C.our D.ours,C,第3页,2.(B卷23题)To my surprise,he sold,_ house at such a low price.,A.he B.him C.his D.himself,3.(A卷24题)My mother used to make,breakfast for _ every morning,but,now I do it myself.,A.mine B.my C.I D.me,C,D,第4页,4.(B卷22题)Help _ to some fish,Jeff.,Ayou B.your C.yours D.yourself,5.(A卷22题)Mike,is that new bike,_？,Yes.My mother bought it for me yesterday.,A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself,6.(B卷21题)My daughter is a great fan of,Justin._ has most of Justins CDs.,A.She B.Her C.He D.His,D,C,A,第5页,7.(22题)Reading more helps _,learn better.,A.we B.our C.us D.ours,8.(23题)Please send _ best,wishes to Mary.,A.I B.me C.my D.mine,C,C,第6页,【创新猜押】,9.Study hard,boys and girls._ parents,will be proud of you in the future.,10.I will take part in the English speech,competition tomorrow.And I see it as a,chance to prove _,11.Who will come to help us?,Nobody.We have to depend on_,A.ourselves B.we C.us D.our,Your,myself,A,第7页,12.Good books are like wise friends,because,_ support you to walk forward,help you understand the world.,A.they B.he C.she D.I,13.Sally,may I use your iPad?_ is,broken.,OK,here you are.,A.Your B.Yours C.Mine D.My,A,C,第8页,满分突破,分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，人称代词、物主代词和反身代词普通在单项选择和完形填空中各考查1道。单项选择中主要包括同一人称不一样形式之间辨析和不一样,第9页,人称不一样形式之间辨析；完形填空除外，均考查不一样人称同一形式辨析。反身代词则通常考查固定搭配或是四个不一样反身代词辨析。另外，也会在短文填空中考查依据语境或固定搭配填代词。,第10页,人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,主格,宾格,形容词性,名词性,第一人称,单数,I,me,my,mine,myself,复数,we,us,our,ours,ourselves,第二人称,单数,you,you,your,yours,yourself,复数,you,you,your,yours,yourselves,人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表,类别,人称,第11页,第三人称,单数,he,him,his,his,himself,she,her,her,hers,herself,it,it,its,its,itself,复数,they,them,their,theirs,themselves,第12页,重庆近9年中考只在单项选择中考查此形式，选项均为同一人称四种不一样形式。针对这类试题，要求考生在复习过程中着重分类记忆每个人称对应主格、宾格、物主代词及反身代词，区分名词性物主代词及,同一人称不一样形式辨析,考向一,第13页,形容词性物主代词使用方法，掌握各自在句中充,当不一样成份及功效(,如在句首通惯用人称代词,主格，在句尾通惯用人称代词宾格或反身代词，动词或介词后通常跟人称代词宾格或反身代词，名词前通常为形容词性物主代词,)；另外熟记与反身代词相关固定搭配。,第14页,类别,使用方法及位置,例句,主格,作主语，用在动词前,I,like English very much.我非常喜欢英语。(动词之前),人代词称使用方法,(9年11卷16考),第15页,宾格,作宾语，用在介词或动词后，表示动作行为对象,Can you look after,her,while Im,away?,我不在时，你能照看一下她,吗？(介词之后）,Can you help me find my keys?你,能帮我找我钥匙吗？(动词之后),作表语，用在系动词之后,Whos the boy in the photo?照片中男孩是谁？,Its me.是我。(表语),第16页,物主代词使用方法,(9年8卷9考),类别,作用,例句,形容词性物主代词,（7考）,作定语,This is her computer.这是她电脑。,第17页,名词性物主代词,(A,22题，,23题),作主语,This isnt your pen.Yours is on,the table.这不是你钢笔,你,在桌子上。,作宾语,I cant find my pen.Can I use,yours?我找不到我钢笔了。我可,以用你吗？,作表语,This coat is hers.这件大衣是她。,与of连用作定语,The red skirt of hers is very beautiful.她那条红裙子非常漂亮。,第18页,注,意,1.名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词。含有名词特征，后面不带名词，须单独使用。如：,This new watch is hers.This is her new watch.这块新手表是她。,2.物主代词前后不能有this,that,some,a,an,the等词修饰。如,不能说,the my right hand。,3.当表示强调时，形容词性物主代词可与own连用，意为“某人自己”。如：,my own room我自己房间。,第19页,使用方法,位置,例句,作宾语,动词或介词之后,He can take care of himself,他能照料他自己。,作表语,系动词之后,The poor boy in the story was,myself.故事里穷小子就是,我自己。,作同位语,名词或代词之后或句末,I,myself,did it.=I did it,myself,.我自己做到了。,反身代词使用方法,(9年6卷6考),第20页,反身代词相关固定搭配,：,help oneself to请自便，请随意(,B卷22题，24题,),by oneself单独地，独自地A卷83题,),enjoy oneself玩得愉快,believe in oneself相信自己,lose oneself in使沉溺于，沉醉于,improve oneself 提升自己,dress oneself 自己穿衣服,teach oneself/learn by oneself 自学,第21页,例,：(B卷22题)The man over there is,_ old friend.He is a policeman.,A.I B.me C.my D.mine,【方法点拨】,第步：依据选项可知，本题,考查同一人称不一样形式代词混合辨析。,第步：依据空格前“there is”以及空格后,“old friend”可判断此处应用形容词性物主代,词作定语，修饰friend。故选C。,第22页,重庆近9年中考只在完形填空中考查此形式，且均需结合语境得出答案。对于这类试题，可参考以下方法进行判断：,1.首先依据句中提醒词或已给出人称来判断空格处所需对应人称，然后依据空格位置、空格前后单词或语境判断该,不一样人称同一形式辨析,(9年11卷11考),考向二,第23页,人称正确形式。如看到“Bob,Tom,my father,Mr.,uncle,gentleman,boy”等就用“he/his/him”；看到“Lily,lady,my mother,Miss,sister,aunt,girl”等就用“she/her/hers”等。,第24页,例,：Mrs.Smith often goes to visit those AIDS,patients in hospitals to cheer _ up.,A.her B.them C.him D.us,【方法点拨】,第步：依据选项可知，本题考,查不一样人称代词宾格辨析。第步：依据,语境可知关键词为“those AIDS patients”，是,第三人称提醒词。第步：结合选项，利用,排除法可知该题应使用跟第三人称复数,“they”相关代词形式，故选B。,第25页,2.当选项同为反身代词时，最关键是,要找准句子主语，同时反身代词要和句子主语人称和数保持一致。,第26页,不一样人称不一样形式辨析,(A卷24题，B卷21题，23题),考向三,重庆中考对这类试题只在单项选择中考查过3次，选项设置特点为：其中两个选项为同一人称不一样形式，如he,she,his,her。,针对这类混合辨析，考生可首先依据句中提醒词和语境判断本题中所需对应人称，然后分析选项，并依据空格位置，空格前后单词或语境判断该人称正确形式。,第27页,例,：(A卷24题)Aunt Tina will visit us soon._ is arriving tomorrow morning.,A.He B.She C.His D.Her,【方法点拨】,第步：分析句意：蒂娜阿姨将很快来看我们。_明天早晨抵达(这里)。第步：分析选项：He他，人称代词主格；She她，人称代词主格；His他，形容,第28页,词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；Her她，形容词性物主代词或代词宾格。第步：结合语境和语法知识判断其对应正确形式。依据题干可知，句子缺乏主语，所以用人称代词主格,排除C、D项；又因为此处主语指Aunt Tina，应用She。故选B。,第29页,命题点2 普通不定代词,（高频：9年10卷13考，单项选择、完形、短文填空）,中考试练,【重庆7年真题(,)】,14.(A卷35题),Jiefangbei,is not far from,Chaotianmen,.You can easily visit_,in a day.,A.each B.none C.both D.neither,C,第30页,15.(A卷35题)Sam and Henry play,football very well.We hope _ of,them can join our team.,A.all B.both C.every D.some,16.(B卷28题)Would you like some,coffee or tea?,_.Some water,please.,A.Both B.Neither C.Either D.All,B,B,第31页,【创新猜押】,17.Of the three reading rooms,one is near,but the _ two are far.,18.All the volunteers were very tired,but,_ of them took a rest.,They were busy looking for the,missing people.,A.neither B.all C.both D.none,other,D,第32页,19.Unfortunately,I was sitting at the table,with smokers on _ side of me.,A.either Bboth C.neither D.all,20.Although Mary is a new teacher,she,knows _ student in her class.,A.either B.all C.every D.none,21.Im free recently,so _ day is OK,for me to go shopping with my mom.,A.either B.neither C.any D.some,A,C,C,第33页,22.To help Tommy learn better,his parents,have done _ they could:cards,tapes,special learning centers.In short,everything they can think of.,A.both B.all C.none D.neither,B,第34页,满分突破,分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，普通不定代词主要在单项选择和短文填空中考查，在完形填空中考查过1次(,43题,)。,解答这类试题，需要考生在复习过程中掌握常见普通不定代词及其基本使用方法。以下为常见普通不定代词使用方法：,第35页,代词,意义和使用方法,例句,both,(,5考,),“二者都”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数,Both of the two boys are clever.两个男孩都很聪明。,all,“(三者或三者以上)全部,都”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数,All of the flowers are,gone.全部花都谢了。,1.both,all,either,neither与none,第36页,either,(,31题),“(二者中)任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数,Either of my two friends is willing to help me when I am in trouble.当我有困难时,我两个朋友中任何一个都愿意帮我。,neither,(B卷28题,32题),“(二者)都不”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数,Neither of the two boys is brave.两个男孩都不勇敢。,第37页,none,(A卷,83题),“(三者或三者以上中)没有一个”,I like none of the books.,这些书我都不喜欢。,第38页,代词,例句,相同点,均可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，表示“一,些”，即不确定数量、数目,不一样点,some,普通用于必定句中，也可用于表示提议或请求疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到必定回答,any,多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，用于必定句时表示“任何(一个/一些),2.,some与any,第39页,代词,each,every,用,法,用作形容词或代词，,可单独使用,仅作定语，不可单独使用,强调个体,强调整体,指二者或二者以上人,或事物中“每一个”,指三者或三者以上人,或事物中“每一个”,后可加of短语,后不加of短语,each和“every名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用,单数形式,3.each,与,every,第40页,4.other,others,another,the other,与,the others,5.a little,little,a few,与,few,详细讲解详见本书P22,详细讲解详见本,书P27,第41页,命题点3 复合不定代词,(9年5卷5考，单项选择、短文填空),中考试练,【重庆7年真题(,)】,23.(B卷29题)Im sorry I know _,about it.Its a secret between them.,A.nothing B.something,C.anything D.everything,A,第42页,24.(30题)There must be _,wrong with the clock.It doesnt work.,A.nothing B.something,C.everything D.anything,25.(27题)_ may have a to be,successful if he tries his best.,A.Somebody B.Everybody,C.Nobody D.None,B,B,第43页,26.Your English is very good.Who taught you?,_.I learned it all by myself.,A.Somebody B.Everybody,C.Nobody D.Anybody,27.At present,children mean _ to most,parents in China.,A.everything B.nothing,C.anything D.something,C,A,第44页,28.What would you like to drink?,Im very thirsty._ you can get,is OK.Just get it now.,A.Anything B.Something,C.Nothing D.Other things,A,第45页,满分突破,分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，复合不定代词主要在单项选择中考查，考查方式以4个复合不定代词词义辨析为主，在短文填空中考查过1次nobody使用方法(,B卷79题,)。,第46页,body,somebody某人,anybody任何人,nobody没有些人,everybody每人,one,someone某人,anyone任何人,no one没有些人,everyone每人,thing,something某事,anything任何事,nothing没有事,everything每一件事,初中阶段常见复合不定代词,第47页,复合不定代词使用方法,1.some和any组成复合不定代词区分与some和any区分基本相同。,2.复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词普通用单数。如：,Somebody is speaking in the empty house.有些人在那个空房子里说话。,第48页,3.当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代,词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代,词之后。如：,I have something important to tell you.,我有主要事情要告诉你。,第49页,命题点4 指示代词,(B卷34题，44题，单项选择、完形),中考试练,【重庆7年真题(,)】,29.(B卷34题)These yellow dresses are,very nice.I hope to have _,A.little B.few C.one D.it,C,第50页,【创新猜押】,30.Bill thought _ necessary to work,with friends and share different ideas.,A.it B.each C.some D.any,31.I bought a toy for my daughter.And I,will give _ to her tomorrow.,A.it B.that C.one D.none,A,A,第51页,32.Your hometown is really nice!The air,quality is as good as _ of Sanya.,A.every B.one C.that D.other,C,第52页,满分突破,分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，只在单项选择和完形填空中各包括过1次指示代词和普通不定代词混合考查。常见指示代词有：it,one,this,that,these,those。,常见指示代词基本使用方法,：,1.it特指上下文提到对象是同一事物(,同类同物,)。如The book is mine.Its very interesting.这本书是我。它非常有趣。,第53页,2.one泛指上下文提及同类事物中一个，同类而不一样一(同类异物)。如：,Who has a book named,Don,Quixote,？谁有本名叫堂吉诃德书？,I have one.我有一本。,3.this惯用来指代离自己较近人或物，复数形式为these；且二者均指代下文要提到人或物。如：,第54页,This is my friend.这是我朋友。,Please remember this：No pains,no gains.请记住这句话：没有付出就没有回报。,4.that惯用于比较结构中，代替前面提到名词，以防止重复；也可指代离自己较远人或物或用来指前面提到事物，复数形式为those。如：,The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.北京天气比深圳冷。,第55页,Please bring me those notebooks.请把那些笔记本带给我。,I had a cold yesterday.Thats why I didnt come.我昨天感冒了。那就是我没来原因。,it特殊使用方法,1.it作形式主语，惯用于以下句型：,(,1),Its,adj,.(for/of sb.)to do sth.,做某事(对某人来说)是/(某人)做某事是。如：,第56页,Its very important for us to eat breakfast every day.对我们而言天天吃早餐很主要。,(2),Its,time to do/for/that,是(做)时间了。如：,Its time to get up.该起床了。,(3),It,seems that,好像。如：,It seems that the boy is very interested in Chinese paintings.这个男孩好像对中国画很感兴趣。,第57页,(4),Its,ones turn to do sth.,轮到某人做某事。如：,Its your turn to clean the classroom.轮到你清扫教室了。,(5),It takes(sb.)一段时间to do sth.,做某事花费(某人)多长时间。如：,It took him three hours to get to the train station.到火车站花了他三个小时。,第58页,2.it作形式宾语，代替由动词不定式或从句等表示真正宾语，惯用在动词find,think,make,consider,feel等之后。如：,I find it important to learn history.我发觉学习历史很主要。,I think it necessary that we drink plenty of water every day.我认为我们天天多喝水是很有必要。,第59页,命题点5 疑问代词,(28题，单项选择),中考试练,【重庆7年真题(,)】,33.(28题)_ is that man over,there?,He is Dicks uncle.,A.Where B.What C.Who D.Which,C,第60页,【创新猜押】,34._ is your favorite day?,Monday.Because we have P.E.and music.,A.Why B.Who C.How D.What,35._ father took part in the charity,activity in the neighbourhood yesterday?,Peters.,A.Whose B.What C.Which D.Who,D,A,第61页,36._ bus should I take to the museum?,The No.3 Bus.The bus stop is over there.,A.How B.Where C.Whose D.Which,D,第62页,满分突破,疑问代词是用来组成特殊疑问句代词，普通放在句首，并在句中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。常见疑问代词以下：,第63页,代词,基本使用方法,例句,who谁,(,28题),主语、表,语、宾语,Who are you waiting for?你,正在等谁？,My friends.我朋友们。,whom谁,宾语(who宾格),Whom did you go swimming,with?你和谁去游泳？,I went swimming with my,brother.我和我哥哥去游泳。,第64页,whose谁,表语、定语,Whose pen is this?这是谁钢笔？,This is Lucys.这是露西。,what 什么,主语、宾,语、表语、,定语,What do you like best？你最喜欢什么？,I like tomatoes best.我最喜 欢西红柿。,Which哪个,主语、宾语、表语、定语,Which movie do you like best?你最喜欢哪部电影？,第65页,【温馨提醒】,全部疑问代词都能够作为连接代词，连接主句和从句。连接代词和关系代词详细使用方法,疑问副词使用方法,详见本书专题十四复合句P155,详见本书专题十三简单句命,题点3P150,。,第66页,