英语中级听力ListentothisI第三课.pptx

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,Listen to this 第3课,题型介绍,应试技巧,1/64,题型介绍,单项选择题,1.Short conversation(Q1Q8),2.Long conversation(Q9Q15),3.Short passage(Q16Q25),填空题,4.Compound dictation(Q26Q36),2/64,问题类型 每组对话普通是在一男一女之间进行一问一答。问题普通由先讲话人提出。题目均以问句形式出现，其中多数是特殊疑问句。这些问题包括内容大致归纳以下：,I.Short conversation,3/64,A,、多用来问以下内容：,1,）,问,是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类,等,，如：,What is the mans answer?,What does the woman want for lunch?,What are they talking about?,What kind of books does the man want to borrow?,）,问,做什么,，如：,What does the woman tell the man to do first?,What are the speakers doing now?,What will happen if John fails the exam?,I.Short conversation,4/64,）,问什么含义,，如：What does the man mean(imply)?What does the womans answer suggest?,）问,从对话中能取得什么信息或结论,，如：What can we learn from the conversation?What can be concluded from this conversation?）问,对某人或某事有什么看法,，如：What does the man think of Miss Brown?What does the woman think of the plan?,I.Short conversation,5/64,、用提出问题主要问“,对话可能是在什么场所发生,”，即：,Where does this conversation most probably take place?,Where does this conversation most likely occur?,Where are the man and woman?,I.Short conversation,6/64,、可能问以下几个方面情况：）,问钟点（可用替换）,，如：,Man(M):,What time did yesterdays football match start?,Woman(W):,It was supposed to start at a quarter to 7,but it was delayed an hour.,Question(Q):,When did the game finally start?,I.Short conversation,7/64,）问在,哪个星期或星期几,（后者可用替换），如：,W:,I thought to go to town now.I have some shopping to do.,M:,Dont spend too much,I wont get paid until next week.,Q:,When will he be paid?,）问日期,，如：When will the winter vacation begin?,I.Short conversation,8/64,、用提问问题能够,问原因,，也能够,问目标,，如：,Why is the man late?,Why did the man repair the car by himself?,、可能问对话者,某一方身份,、,对话人之间关系,或,对话中包括到,其它人情况,，如：,W:,May I help you,Sir?,M:,I hope so.Its my watch.I brought it in to be repaired,but Ive lost the Receipt.,Q:,Who is the man?,I.Short conversation,9/64,、主要针对以下内容提问：）问做某事,方式、方法或使用交通工具,，如：How did the teacher usually begin his class?How does the man usually go to work?,）问,对某事感受怎样,，如：How does the man feel about the movie?How do you like the film?,I.Short conversation,10/64,、问,多少,，属于包括数字题，可能有以下几个形式：,How many persons.?,How many dozens of.does.want?,How much does.?,How old is.?,How long does it take.to.?,I.Short conversation,11/64,本节问句依据疑问词划分，大致能够归为以上七类。偶然也有个别普通疑问句。但也可能出现其它类型问句，（如以Whom,Whose,Which提问），或针对以上未归纳内容进行提问。,I.Short conversation,12/64,、,对话内容分类,、,数字和时间类,：包含直接型和计算型。,时间、数字及其计算是听力考试中最常见类型，这类题目普通能够从选项中找到数字、时间线索。但要注意是，这类题往往不会听到什么考什么，而要经过简单计算和推理，才能得出正确答案。所以听这类题时，要十分注意这些数字之间关系。,【例题1】：,W:,Your library books are due on December 13th.If you have not finished using them by then,you may renew them once.,M:,Thank you very much.I only need them for a few days.,Q:,When must the man return his books to the library?,【例题2】：,W:,Do you live in a college dormitory?,M:,Yes,I do.Its a six-man suite,but at the moment only four of us live there.,Q:,How many people share the suite now?,I.Short conversation,13/64,B.,身份及人物关系类,听力中常见人物关系有teacher and student,librarian and student,shop assistant and customer,doctor and patient,waiter/waitress and customer等。,【例题】：,M:,Good evening,Madam.There is a table for two over there.This way,please.,W:,Thank you.Could I see the menu,please?,Q:,Whats the relationship between the man and woman?A)Husband and wife.,B)Waiter and customer.,C)Salesman and customer.,D)Host and guest.,I.Short conversation,14/64,C、,否定类,：否定类题目最主要线索是抓住表示否定关键词。值得注意是，这类题普通都不是以显著否定方式出现，所以需多加注意。表示否定关键词有：,否定副词和形容词：,hardly,rarely,little,seldom,few,never等,否定代词和连词：,nothing,nobody,neither,nor,none等,否定前缀或后缀：,im-,un-,dis-,non-,-less等,表否定意义其它词：,fail,miss,avoid,deny,refuse,doubt,far from,anything but,instead of,rather than等。,另外，要注意否定形式、必定意义结构，如：I couldnt agree with you more.这句话相当于I agree with you completely.,【例题】：,M:,Ann,do you have any extra money you could loan me?,W:,I wish I could help you.I went shopping yesterday.Now I have only two dollars till the end of the week.,Q:,Will the man borrow any money from the woman?此题答案必定是No。听这段话时要抓住I wish I could help you.这一关键话语。这句话即使从表面上看是必定式，但却隐含着Im sorry I cant help you.意思。,I.Short conversation,15/64,D、,地点及场所类,：这类题在听力对话中也较简单，只需掌握表示地点及方位介词短语，抓住其中关键场景特点，就能识别对话发生场所。如一听到boarding就想到是机场。,【例题】：,M:,I need to cash this check?,W:,Will you step right over to the tellers window,please?,Q:,Where is the conversation most probably taking place?,E.,活动类,：,这一类谈话内容可包括上课、娱乐、工作、日常生活等各种情况。,【例题】：,W:,Are you going to New York next weekend?,M:,Yes,Im going to look up Bill while Im there.,Q:,Whats the man going to do?这类对话中往往先后出现几个情况，要注意听问句是什么，然后再作出选择。,I.Short conversation,16/64,长对话不过是短对话一个补充而已，不过是加长了对话，增加了信息量而已。,II.Long conversation,17/64,这是听力题中难度最大部分。信息量大，题材多样化，往 往难以把握。在听过程中不但要听懂，抓住其中心大意，还要记住一些主要事实和数据。听力短文提问形式普通有以下几个：,中心思想归纳题,它要求对短文主要内容有一个大致了解。掌握文章大意并不难。这类题惯用以下方式提问：,What is the main idea of the passage?,What can we learn from this passage?,What is the best title for this passage?,What is the passage mainly about?,What is the speaker talking about?,做这类题时，一定要集中精力听好短文开头，因为听力短文普通会开门见山，把中心思想置于文章开头。另外，假如文中重复出现同一词或同一类词也值得尤其注意，因为含有这类词汇选项能很好地表达中心思想，通常就是正确答案。,III.Short passages,18/64,B.细节题,这类题普通是wh-question形式，主要就文章中包括主要或关键信息进行提问，所考查细节包含集体时间、地点、主要人物或事件、各种数字等。做好这类题关键是抓住文章关键性细节信息，要注意养成边听边记习惯，这么才不会听完就忘。另外，事先浏览各选项，进行预测。文中一旦出现以因果连词（如because,so,due to等）和转折连词（如but,however,though等）引导句子，就要格外留心，这些地方往往就是考点。,C.正误判断题,这类题惯用以下方式提问：,Which of the following is true/not true,according to the passage?,Which of the following is not mentioned?,当看到这类题时，首先应对全文信息有全方面把握，另首先要注意听清问题，要搞清楚有没有not一词。普通情况下，not一词会重读。,III.Short passages,19/64,D.词语释义题,这类题要求对文章中某个重点词进行解释或猜测生词释义。这些词普通会在材料相关位置给出解释，有时该词后面用同义词解释，有时借助逗号、破折号来对前面词进行解释。还可借助词前缀、后缀来判断其意思。,E.推理题,这类题需要对文中信息进行分析推断，然后做出正确选择。提问方式有：,What can be inferred from the passage?,What does the speaker think about the problem?,What does the speaker most concern about?,How does the writer feel about?,做这类题时一定要注意，短文明确表示内容不是推断，而且一定要依据短文观点而不是依据自己观点来推断。,III.Short passages,20/64,IV.,Compound dictation,复合式听写出题点：,单词,单词听写部分主要考查对单词语音区分能力、拼,写能力和时态、语态等辨识能力。在考查上有以,下特点：,1）、以考查实词为主。其中名词和动词占80%。,2）、常考动词时态。假如填入空格是动词，应参考与上下文关系来判断应该填入何种形式。,3）、常考名词单复数。,21/64,IV.,Compound dictation,2.句子,句子听写部分主要考查对句意了解和归纳概括能力，其特点以下：,1）、要求填写内容是一整句话或意思完整意群。比如由and,but,so等连接并列句一个分句，或是表示原因、时间、比较关系状语从句和定语从句等复合句一部分。,22/64,IV.,Compound dictation,2）、句子时态是考查重点。尤其是现在时、过去时和完成时，同时会考查动词过去)式、过去分词形式。,3）、被动语态也是常考点。,23/64,应试技巧,1.Short conversation,2.Long conversation,3.Short passage,4.Compound dictation,24/64,听力关键预览,预览心诀:竖看加联想,不能仅分析每个选项意思，而要竖看,把握四个选项中共同主要信息，然后依据这些共同主要信息来联想这个题目可能包括话题.,演示一:,A)The,man,enjoys traveling by,car,.,B)The,man,lives far from the,subway,.,C)The,man,is good at driving.,D)The,man,used to own a car.,25/64,听力关键预览,A),Tony,should,continue,taking the,course,.,B)She,approves,of,Tonys decision,C)Tony can,choose,another,science,course.,D)She cant meet Tony so early in the morning,四个选项中共同(次数最多)信号有“Tony”(4次),“course”(3次),这说明会讨论Tony与功课关系，而“continue”,“decision”,“choose”这些词深入说明，可能会讨论Tony是否会继续选择某一功课。,26/64,听力关键预览,经过预览,听时候就更有方向,而且很多单词因为事先看过，就能很轻易听出来。,很多情况下。共同信息越多选项,不不过预览重点，而且还能够直接成为正确答案,。如上面第一题A，D有重复信息而正确答案是D；第二题A和D有主要重复信息而A是正确答案，当然这不是绝正确但最少能够说明一点，,预览,共同信息,很主要,27/64,听力关键预览,section B,假如在短对话部分“竖看”愈加主要，那么在短文部分“联想”就愈加主要了。,A)A rescuer on the,Golden Gate Bridge,.,B)A professional diver.,C)A telephone operator.,D)A guard on the,Golden Gate Bridge.,四个选项中rescuer”,”professional diver”,”telephone operator”,”guard都是讲一个人，所以能够联想到这个题目可能考一个人,职业,，不过很有可能与the Golden Gate Bridge相关。,28/64,四级听力关键预览,A)Someone has fallen off the,bridge,.,B)Someone on the,bridge,is being attacked.,C)Someone is threatening to destroy the,bridge,.,D)Someone on the,bridge,is attempting to kill himself.,四个选项中fallen off the bridge ,being attacked,threatening to destroy the bridge”,”attempting to kill himself都是讲一些负面事情，而且这些事情都是发生在桥上，看来是主要,细节题,。,29/64,听力关键预览,A)Call the mother to come right away.,B)Try to communicate with them first.,C)Help them to get out of their misty.,D)Remind them that they have children to take care of.,四个选项中 Call the mother,Try to communicate,Help them,Remind them 这些动作让人联想到这个题目可能会包括处理问题方法。最终，把这几个选项联合起来，能够做一番联想:一个在the Golden Gate Bridge从事某种职业人。在桥上碰到一个问题，最终用一个方法把它处理了。有了这个大约方向以后，听这篇文章就会有感觉了。,30/64怎样阅读选择项,因为听力了解问题不是以书面形式出现在卷面上，而是在讲话内容之后才出现，所以，我们必须,抓住空隙时间抢先阅读选择项,。这么便能够,依据选择项内容预测谈话或短文内容和提问形式,，提前了解谈话或短文中可能出现单词或词组。只有这么，在听音时才能有目标地听、有选择地记。对待选择项应,采取快速阅读方法,。在听音前看选择项主要应用略读技巧。一定要防止逐词阅读，不然就不可能在听音前看完选择项。选择项长短、简繁不一，详细处理方法也要有所不一样。,31/64,选择项都比较短时，可采取扫视法,。用眼光扫过选择项，大致了解其内容。当选择项较长时（节选择项往往较长），可分两步处理。,第一步，整体看，以发觉其共同成份；第二步，采取竖读方法，着重看区分。,选择项（尤其是较长选择项）各项之间往往有相同内容。应先整体扫视选择项，很快发觉其共同处，然后将视线移到各项不一样之处进行竖读（即由上向下看，而不是由左向右看）。用这么方法看选择项，开始可能会感到不习惯，因而影响阅读速度。但经过一段时间练习，便会习惯。掌握这种技巧，不但能加紧阅读速度，使我们能在较短时间看完较长阅读项，而且能使我们对选择项共同与不一样部分印象更深刻，这对确定听音重点十分主要，因而，在平时就要注意训练提升这种技巧，使之成为习惯。若平时习惯逐词逐句地读，考试时就难以纠正，当然就无法熟练利用这种技巧。,32/64,怎样预测问题类型和内容,即使在听音之前极难确定题目确实切内容，但选择项结构和内容往往暗示问题类型和大致内容。有些题选择项很有特点，非常显著地反应出其问题类型。比如：看到这么选择项时：A)At the airport.B)In a restaurant.C)At the railway station.D)In a department store.,33/64,1,捕捉主要信息,这是听力了解首要任务，遗漏了主要信息就不可能听清讲话基本含义。主要信息普通出现在段首或段末。听时注意聚精会神，捕捉主要信息。有一段听力短文，第一句话就是Our family is trying to decide where to go for our vacation this summer，表明一家人还未决定今夏去何处度假，接着详述了前一年去黄石公园看熊不一样寻常经历。当问到他们今年将去何处度假时，大部分考生回答是去黄石公园看熊。显然忽略了短文第一句。,34/64,2,作出正确判断,1）,推测言外之意,在对话中说话人经常出于某种考虑不直接表示是或否，而用迂回方式间接回答，听话人则必须从间接回答中快速领会说话人确实切含意。比如：M:Did you watch the game last night?W:I wouldnt have missed it for anything.（我说什么也不会错过这一机会。）换言之，我当然看了这场比赛。2）,正确了解委婉表示方法,，比如：I hope these apples are as good as they look.其言外之意是：恐怕这些苹果不如它们看上去那么好吧。这是对事物表示怀疑时一个委婉说法。,35/64,3,归纳总结、抓住中心思想,比如：W:Did you want a day course or an evening course?M:Well,it would have to be an evening course since I work during the day.当问到他们在谈什么时，很多人都把a day course或an evening course作为答案。说明这些就只抓住了一鳞半爪，而不能把对话内容归纳为the choice of courses（选课）。,36/64,即使对话提问普通都是针对对话中出现一些细节，不过对于文章句意把握也是很主要。对话中往往有一些句子意思极难把握，归咎其原因多数是因为其句型特殊。,一、形必定意否定句型,二、形否定意必定句型,I.Short conversation,37/64,一、形必定意否定句型,1、,Id like toI d love to，,but,。表否定，重点放在but后面。,如：,The students English club is having a party on Saturday nightCan you come？,I would like to，but,I work at a restaurant on weekends,又如：,Shall we eat in the school dining-room tonight？,Id like to，but,the Western food doesnt agree with meLets go to a Chinese restaurant for a change,38/64,一、形必定意否定句型,2、使用,虚拟语气,句子。这些句子形式上是必定，但往往表示一个“,本应该，本能够（却没有），希望,”情绪，放在一定语言环境中表否定。,如1：,If the traffic wasnt so bad，I,could have been,home by 6：00 What a pity！John was here to see you.,如2：,Do you like physics？Well，I wish it,were,interesting.,如3：,I need a bike today，but mine has a flat tyre Im sorry to hear thatI,would have lent,you if Bill hadnt taken it away,39/64,一、形必定意否定句型,3、,Im sorry，,。这种句型是委婉否定，其后普通接原因。,如：Hello，may I speak to John Smith，please？,Im sorry,，nobody by that name works here.,40/64,一、形必定意否定句型,4、由形容词,last,组成特殊句型。意思是“是最不可能”。,如：Would you like to go mountain climbing with us？Thats the last thing in the world I want to doI heard Tom was the man who robbed Mr.Smiths house But I think he is the,last,one to do such a thing,41/64,一、形必定意否定句型,5、,anything but句型。基本意思,“,除,以外任何事物,”,或,“,根本不,”,。,如：Everyone is helping out with dinner.Could you make the soup？,Anything but,that,42/64,一、形必定意否定句型,6、由一些特殊短语组成句型。这种短语很多，需要学生平时不停地积累，举两个短语为例：Youre not much of a rock and roll fan，are you？Its,far from,being my favorite kind of music，,thats for sure（无疑地）,Can you possibly lend me 10 until pay-day？Its,out of the question(没问题),43/64,二、形否定意必定句型,1、Why don,t youWhy not？,如：John，I dont know what to get for your fatherHe has just about everything，doesnt he？Do you have any suggestions？,Why dont you,get him a pocket calculator？,44/64,二、形否定意必定句型,2、,Do you mind？问句回答用No，of course not或者Not at all,如：Do you mind if I borrow your note？No，of course notThey are on my desk（1994年1月）,45/64,二、形否定意必定句型,3、,notuntil句型。,如：When can the doctor see me？He wont be free until tomorrow,（1995年1月）,46/64,二、形否定意必定句型,4、,notmorebetter组成特殊句型。,如：I think its high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now I,cant agree with you more,You see countless innocent people are killed by drunk drivers each year,又如：,How is your business，Bob？Sales,have never been better,.,47/64,二、形否定意必定句型,5Without a doubt；Don,t mention it；No problem等作为回答否定句型。,如：Do you think we have to review the chapter of Industrial Revolution？,Without a doubt,，it will be on the exam,又如：,Do you think you could have this skirt ready by Thursday morning？,No problem,You can come and fetch it,48/64,二、形否定意必定句型,6、由一些除not和never之外否定词如,hardly，seldom，scarcely，rarely等组成句型,。,如：What a surprise！Tim has improved his English so much after a holiday abroad I can,hardly,hear an accent,49/64,在做这类题目标时候，最好能先浏览选项，这么在听时候就能够抓住重点，有放矢。,听过程中，要把握对话整体，抓住中心，明确场景、人物，在把握对话大意提前下注意细节问题。,边听边做笔记。因为对话较长，不可能全部信息都存在大脑中，所以能够边听边在初稿上做笔记。,II.Long conversation,50/64,短文了解篇幅较长，信息量较多，但每篇文章,后仅有34个小问题，其中绝大多数信息是多,余、重复。所以，我们能够从短文了解题,目设置规律来判断听录音时应该重点注意,地方。,III.Short passage,51/64,做题前先预测，细读选项，比较其间共同点和不一样点，推测有可能强调信息。,了解各类题型提问方式后，要有重点地听：假如是故事，注意人物、人物心理状态、动词、故事发生线索等；假如是说明文，注意选项中屡次出现关键词，在听录音时留心。,III.,Short passages,52/64,主动预测,听写部分所提供文字信息往往比所要填入信息多得多，利用这些已知信息去预测未知信息，能够大大提升填词针对性，降低盲目性，争取主动。详细来讲，利用播放题目介绍时间快速抢读全篇给出现有文字，了解文章大致内容，同时预测空格出所填文字词性和基本意义。,采取“四边”处理法,听录音正式开始后，仔细听每个句子，并努力把握全文大意。在播放第二遍时，将注意力集中在空格部分，快速听记（边听、边复述、边了解、边统计），碰到生词无须慌张，先记下其首写字母，以帮助稍后联想。,仔细查对，以防疏漏,播放第三遍时，检验查对全文，注意单词拼写是否正确，是否存在语法错误等。单词拼写正确是否往往暗示你是否真正听懂。在用自己话表示句子关键点时，应注意语法正确、表示切题。,IV.Compound Dictation,53/64,复合式听写考查各种语言能力，如单词拼写、语句了解、语法知,识、速记能力和短时记忆力等，所以难度也就增加了，答题步骤则,显得尤其主要：,Step 1:预览题目,复合式听写Directions比较长，能够用这些时间来浏览全文，了,解文章大意。能够话，预测一下空格词性、词义或句子大致,内容。,Step 2:留心空格前后内容,单词拼写时一定要联络空格上下文，如：,Yet this same man was(37),to death for his,beliefs by a jury composed of the leading figures of the time in,Athens,IV.Compound dictation,54/64,分析：尽管少一个词，不过能够看出句子意思是：这个人因为他信仰而被雅典不过领导人组成审判委员会判处死刑，有jury能够判断出这个人是被“判处”死刑，而不是被“打死”，“杀死”或其它，由此能够判断空格处应为“判决”；再看空格前是was，和空格一起组成句子谓语，由此可知，空格应用动词过去式表示被动语态，听到录音后就能够确定答案为condemned。,IV.Compound dictation,55/64,Step 3:不能立刻答出题先做好笔记,在听写时,，假如不会拼写单词，或者不能马上想起来,对应词，能够依据听到音把读音记下来，不要过,于纠缠，以免影响后面要听内容。,待录音都播放完,后在依据上下文，结合上面提到方法猜测词义及具,体形式，判断填入是名词、形容词还是副词等。一,般名词前有冠词、形容词或介词，形容词前有副词和,系动词，而副词前面则经常是动词。,Landlord,If it is one of those modern places,Beer,Behind the bar,People with a sense of humor behind the bar,If it doesnt have a garden or a family room,IV.Compound dictation,56/64,Step 4:听写句子时记下关键词,在听写句子时候极难将原句完全记下，这,时，能够将关键词记下来，重点记下句中中,心词，有些句子中定语、状语可略去不记。,然后依据关键词结合文章叙述逻辑，重新编,写句子。,如：Socrates(44),encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young,and this was frightening to the conservatives,in Athens.They wanted him silenced.Yet many were probably surprised that,IV.Compound dictation,57/64,分析：听过程中能够快速记下encourage,idea,thinking,young,frighten,conservative,现在看一下这些词：勉励想法（必定是新，旧就不用勉励了）和思想（新想法必定对应是自由思想），在年轻人中，使恐慌，保守派。再联络下文能够概括出句子意思是：他勉励在年轻人中新想法和自由思想，这使得保守派感到恐慌。然后依据记忆内容或按照自己话重新编写句子。能够把复杂句子简化为简单句表示出来。,Section C Compound dictation,58/64,Step 5:做完题后要进行查对，认真查对拼写、时态、语态、单复数、主谓一致、大小写、第三人称单数等。同时还要争取把不必定地方都确定下来，假如依然有空格没有填出来，就依据记忆，联络上下文和句子结构作出判断。,Section C Compound dictation,59/64,Lesson 21 书本 P187-188,1.b,2.c,3.c,4.a c,5.a,6.a c,60/64,Lesson 16 P 126-131,1.c c,2.a c c b,4.b a b c c,6.b c,P 131,c c b a,61/64,New York,Writing a story,YES magazine,Cairo,Visiting her parents,62/64,beauti