2023年全国英语等级考试三级笔试真题及答案.doc

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　　SECTION I Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)
　　1～25略
　　SECTION Ⅱ Use of English(15 minutes)
　　Directions:
　　Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
　　Text
　　After 20 years of marriage, a husband may still not understand his wife. How is it that she is never at a 26 for words? How can she 27 the names of a couple they met on 28 years ago? Now we know 29 to tell him: it’s her brain.
　　Although there are obviously cultural 30 for the differences in emotions and behavior, 31 breakthrough research reveals that the 32 of many puzzling differences between men and women may 33 in the head. Men’s and women’s brains 34 much in common, but they are definitely not the same 35 size, structure or insight. Broadly speaking, a woman’s brain, like her body, is ten to fifteen per cent smaller than a man’s, 36 the regions dedicated to language may be more densely 37 with brain cells.
　　Girls generally speak earlier and read faster. The reason may be 38 females use both sides of the brain when they read. In 39 , males rely only on the left side.
　　At every age, women’ s memories 40 men’ s, They have a greater ability to 41___names with faces than men do, and they are 42 at recalling list. The events people remember best are those that an emotion is attached to. 43 women use more of their right brains, which 44 emotions, they may do this automatically.
　　While we don’t yet know what all these findings imply, one thing is 45 : male and fe-male brains do the same things, but they do them differently.
　　26. [ A ] slip [ B ] puzzle [ C ] loss [ D ] failure
　　27. [ A ] recall [ B ] understand [ C ] realize [ D ] perceive
　　28. [ A ] festival [ B ] event [ C ] occasion [ D ] holiday
　　29. [ A ] what [ B ] how [ C ] when [ D ] where
　　30. [ A ] senses [ B ] reasons [ C ] purposes [ D ] meanings
　　31. [ A ] present [ B ] instant [ C ] recent [ D ] immediate
　　32. [ A ] bottom [ B ] basis [ C ] root [ D ] stem
　　33. [ A ] hide [ B ] set [ C ] fix [ D ] lie
　　34. [ A ] have [ B ] share [ C ] divide [ D ] store
　　35. [ A ] in [ B ] at [ C ] with [ D ] for
　　36. [ A ] yet [ B ] hence [ C ] thus [ D ] then
　　57. [ A ] wrapped [ B ] rested [ C ] gathered [ D ] packed
　　38. [ A ] which [ B ] why [ C ] that [ D ] whether
　　39 [ A ] fact [ B ] contrast [ C ] addition [ D ] consequence
　　40. [ A ] top [ B ] match [ C ] equal [ D ] challenge
　　41. [ A ] mix [ B ] combine [ C ] join [ D ] associate
　　42. [ A ] shier [ B ] better [ C ] keener [ D ] easier
　　43. [ A ] Since [ B ] While [ C ] Although [ D ] Unless
　　44. [ A ] process [ B ] promote [ C ] perceive [ D ] produce
　　45. [ A ] important [ B ] mysterious [ C ] special [ D ] clear
SECTION Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)
　　Part A
　　Directions:
　　Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
　　Text 1
　　Bum rate is the speed at which a startup business consumes money. My rate would be $ 50,000 a month when my new media company started. So, I began looking around for individuals who would be my first investors. “Angel money” it was called. But when I reviewed my list of acquaintances to find those who might be able to help, I found the number got small.
　　With no other choices, I began meeting with the venture-capital companies. But I was warned they took a huge share of your company for the money they put in. And if you struggled, they could drop you cold.
　　As I was searching for “angel money”, I started to build a team who trusted me even though I didn’t have money for paychecks yet.
　　Bill Becker was an expert in computer programming and image processing at a very famous Media Lab at M. I.T. With his arrival, my company suddenly had a major technology “guy” in-house.
　　Katherine Henderson, a filmmaker and a former real-estate dealer, joined us as our director of market research. Steve White came on as operating officer. He had worked for the developer of a home-finance software, Quicken. We grabbed him.
　　We had some really good people, but we still didn’t have enough money. One night, my neighbor, Louise Johnson, came for a visit. She and I were only nodding acquaintances, but her boys and ours were constant companions. She ran a very good business at the time.
　　Louise was brilliant and missed nothing. She had been watching my progress closely. She knew I was dying for money and I had prospects but could offer no guarantees of success.
　　She told me that her attorney had talked to mine and the terms had been agreed upon. She handed me an envelope. Inside was a check for $ 500,000.
　　I almost fell down. I heard her voice as if from heaven.
　　“I have confidence in your plan,” she said. “You’ 11 do well. You’re going to work hard for it, but it’ s satisfying when you build your own company.”
　　Who would have thought I’d find an angel so close to home? There were no words sufficient for the moment. We just said good night. She left and I just stood there, completely humbled and completely committed.
　　46. For a newly-established business, bum rate refers to___________.
　　[ A ] the salary it pays to its staff
　　[ B ] the interest it pays to the bank
　　[ C ] the way in which it raises capital
　　[ D ] the speed at which it spends money
　　47. By "Angel money", the author refers to__________.
　　[ A ] the money borrowed from banks
　　[ B ] the money spent to promote sales
　　[ C ] the money raised from close friends
　　[ D ] the money needed to start a business
　　48. To get help from a venture-capital company, you may have to__________.
　　[ A ] put up with unfair terms
　　[ B ] change your business line
　　[ C ] enlarge your business scope
　　[ D ] let them operate your business
　　49. The author easily built a team for his company because__________.
　　[ A ] they were underpaid at their previous jobs
　　[ B ] they were turned down by other companies
　　[ C ] they were confident of the author and his business
　　[ D ] they were satisfied with the salaries in his company
　　50. Louise decided to lend money to the author because__________.
　　[ A ] she wanted to join his company
　　[ B ] she knew he would build a team
　　[ C ] she knew his plan would succeed
　　[ D ] she wanted to help promote his sales
　　Text 2
　　Nearly all “speed reading” courses have a “pacing” element--some timing device which lets the student know how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this simply by looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached. Check the average number of words per page for the particular book you are reading. How do you know when 5 minutes has passed on your watch if you are busy reading the book? Well, this is difficult at first. A friend can help by timing you over a set period, or you can read within hearing distance of a pub-lic clock which strikes the quarter hours. Pace yourself every three or four days, always with the same kind of easy, general interest books. You should soon notice your accustomed w. p.m. rate creeping up.
　　Obviously there is little point in increasing your w. p. m. rate if you do not understand what you are reading. When you are consciously trying to increase your reading speed, stop after every chapter ( if you are reading a novel) or every section or group of ten or twelve pages ( if it is a text-book) and ask yourself a few questions about what you have been reading. If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what was said, reread the section or chapter.
　　You can also try “lightning speed” exercise from time to time. Take four or five pages of the general interest book you happen to be reading and read them as fast as you possibly can. Do not bother about whether you understand or not. Now go back and read them at what you feel to be your "normal" w. p. m. rate, the rate at which you can comfortably understand. After a ‘lightning speed’ reading through (probably 600 w. p. m. ) you will usually find that your “normal” speed has increased-perhaps. by as much as 50-100 w. p.m. This is the technique sportsmen use when they usually run further in training than they will have to on the day of the big race.
　　51. According to the passage, a “pacing” device_________.
　　[ A ]is used to time student’ s reading speed
　　[ B ]is. not used in most, speed reading courses
　　[ C ] is used as .an aid to vocabulary learning
　　[ D ] should be used whenever we read alone
　　52. In speed reading, looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes_________.
　　[ A ] avoids the need for reading faster
　　[ B ] is not the same as pacing
　　[ C ] may seem unworkable at first
　　[ D ] helps you to remember your page number
　　53. When you are reading a novel, you should check your understanding of the content after_______.
　　[ A ] every chapter
　　[ B ] every section
　　[ C ] every four or five pages
　　[ D ] every ten or twelve pages
　　54. The purpose of the “lightning speed” exercise is to_________.
　　[ A ] increase your speed by scanning the text first
　　[ B ] test your maximum reading speed
　　[ C ] help you understand more of the content of the book
　　[ D ] enable you to win reading races against your friends
　　55. The best title for this passage would be_________.
　　[ A ] Hints for Successful Reading
　　[ B ] Hints for Speed Reading
　　[ C ] Effective Reading
　　[ D ] Lightning Speed Exercises
Text 3
　　There is one difference between the sexes on which virtually every expert and study agree: men are more aggressive than women. It shows up in 2-year-olds. It continues through school days and persists into adulthood. It is even constant across cultures. And there is little doubt that it is rooted in biology in the male sex hormone testosterone.
　　If there’s a feminine trait that’s the counterpart of male aggressiveness, it’s what social scien-tists awkwardly refer to as "nurturance". Feminists have argued that the nurturing nature of women is not biological in origin, but rather has been drummed into women by a society that wanted to keep them in the home. But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numerous to ignore. Just as tiny infant girls respond more readily to human faces, female toddlers learn much faster than males how to pick up nonverbal cues from others. And grown women are far more adept than men at interpreting facial expressions: A recent study by University of Pennsylvania brain researcher Ru-ben Gur showed that they easily read emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. The only such e-motion men could pick up was disgust.
　　What difference do such differences make in the real world? Among other things, women appear to be somewhat less competitive--or at least competitive in different ways--than men. At the Harvard Law School, for instance, female students enter with credentials just as outstanding as those of their male peers. But they don’ t qualify for the prestigious Law Review in proportionate numbers, a fact some school officials attribute to women’ s discomfort in the incredibly competitive atmosphere.
　　Students of management styles have found fewer differences than they expected between men and women who reach leadership positions, perhaps because many successful women deliberately imitate masculine ways. But an analysis by Purdue social psychologist Alice Eagly of 166 studies of leadership style did find one consistent difference: Men tend to be more “autocratic”-making decisions on their own--while women tend to consult colleagues and subordinates more often. Studies of behavior in small groups turn up even more differences. Men will typically domi-nate the discussion, says University of Toronto psychologist Kenneth Dion, spending more time talking and less time listening.
　　56. The passage mainly discusses__________.
　　[ A ] how sex differences are demonstrated in social relations
　　[ B ] how hormone determines sex differences
　　[ C ] why there are differences between males and females
　　[ D ] why men and women have different social roles
　　57. Which of the following is true of women’s nurturing nature according to the passage?
　　[ A ] It is not inborn in any sense.
　　[ B ] It is inspired by women’ s families.
　　[ C ] It is caused by social prejudice.
　　[ D ] It is partly biological in origin.
　　58. The Harvard Law School example in paragraph 3 suggests that_________.
　　[ A ] women are not as competitive as men
　　[ B ] law is not the fight profession for women
　　[ C ] women are as excellent as men when they are young
　　[ D ] academic credentials are disproportionate to performance
　　59. Which of the following statement is tree according to paragraph 4?
　　[ A ] Men leaders should consult colleagues and subordinates more often.
　　[ B ] Female leaders’ success is due to their imitating male leaders.
　　[ C ] Men and women are different in their leadership style.
　　[ D ] Decisiveness is an important quality for a successful politician.
　　60. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer_________.
　　[ A ] denies the difference sexes make in real life
　　[ B ] is prejudiced against men
　　[ C ] discourages women to be competitive
　　[ D ] treats sex difference objectively
　　Part B
　　Directions:
　　Read the texts from an article in which five people talked about energy and making use of it. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each speaker to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET 1.
　　Jackson:
　　Viewed from a scientist’s standpoint, all of the energy contained in fuel either now or in the future becomes heat. Some of the heat is used directly or produces useful work. The rest is lost or rejected. That is to say, it is radiated into the atmosphere from the engines, motors, furnaces, power lines, television sets, boilers and all the other energy-consuming machinery that makes our wheels go around.
　　Browning:
　　It is necessary to improve the efficiency with. which we use energy in order to do more work. But improvement cannot come overnight, and there are limits beyond which not even science can help. According to the Center for Strategic and International studies, about three quarters of the energy we use to move things, including ourselves, accomplishes no useful work.
　　Jeffrey:
　　In terms of efficiency, buses, trains, and other forms of public transportation may be using en-ergy more efficiently than private automobiles. Unless private automobiles can operate at near capacity, their overall efficiency is poor. For example, an urban bus carrying 36 passengers may achieve an efficiency of around 120 passenger-miles per gallon of gasoline. But buses are not al-ways full