高中英语必修三Unit4主语从句.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,名词性从句,主语从句,1/72,什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）,名词从句功效相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,所以依据它在句中不一样语法功效，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,2/72,名词性从句,noun clause,主语从句,subject clause,宾语从句,object clause,表语从句,predicative clause,同位语从句,appositive clause,3/72,名词性从句中,连接词,连词,:,that/whether/as if(though);,连接代词,:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever,/whichever,，,连接副词,:where/when/why/how,/wherever/whenever,4/72,判断以下划线句子是哪种名词性从句。,1.I dont know,whether he will come or not.,2.The question is,whether he will come or not,.,3.Whether he will come or not,is unknown.,5/72,3.Whether he will come or not,is,unknown.,1.I dont,know,whether he will come or not.,2.The question,is,whether he will come or not,.,宾语从句,表语从句,主语从句,6/72,主语从句,Subject Clause,7/72,主语是？,Which part serves as subject in each sentence?,1.You are a student.,2.Smoking is bad for you.,3.To find your way can be a problem.,4.“How do you do?”is a greeting.,5.What she said is not yet known.,6.That we shall be late is certain.,7.It is certain that we shall be late.,8/72,“,How do you do?”,is a greeting.,What she said,is,not yet known.,That we shall be late,is certain.,It,is certain that we shall be late.,（句子充当主语，所以称为主语从句）,9/72,Step 2,、主语从句概念定义：,充当主语名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句。,10/72,主语从句位置,That he will succeed is certain.,Whether he will come makes no difference.,What we need is more time.,先找出谓语，主语在第二个谓语前面,11/72,1.,引导词：,隶属连词,that,whether,；,连接代词,who,what,which,；,whoever,whatever,whichever,;,连接副词,when,where,how,和,why,。,2.,语序：,陈说句语序,主语从句特点：,12/72,1),隶属连词,that,和,whether,：,That he will come is certain.,Whether he will come is uncertain.,_,不做成份，无意义，不能省略。,whether,不做成份，表“,_”,。,that,是否,引导词,13/72,2),连接代词,who,what,which,（做成份）,1.makes no difference.,谁去没什么不一样。（主语）,is more time.,（我们所需要是更多时间。）（宾语）,3.hasnt been decided.,（定语）,我应买哪一本书还没有决定。,Who will go,What we need,Which book I should buy,14/72,引导词,3),连接代词,whoever,（不论谁）,whatever,（不论什么）,whichever,（不论哪一个）,es is welcome.,2.I have is yours.,3.you want is yours.,whatever=anything that,whoever=anyone who,Whoever,Whatever,Whichever,15/72,Whatever,and,whoever,Whatever,anything that,Whoever,anyone who,不论是谁犯了法，他都应该受到处罚。,Whoever,breaks the law should be punished,。,Anyone who,breaks the law should,be punished.,16/72,4),连接副词,when,where,how,why,1.,（我们什么时候离开）,hasnt been decided.,2.,(,他怎么到那）,is a secret.,3.(,他为何哭）,is not clear.,4.,（会议将在哪里举行）,will be held is not known.,When we will leave,How he got there,Where the meeting,Why he cried,17/72,Complete the sentences using,what,whether,where,when,，,who,why,how,or,that,.,1.(_ is needed for success),is,your hard work.,3.(,_,we will go tomorrow),hasnt,been decided yet.,2.(_,_,they will arrive),has,been told to the teacher.,4.(_ can join in the sport meet),is,decided by the teacher.,5.(_ it will rain or not),is,not clear.,What,When/How,Where/wh ether,Who,Whether,主语从句作主语时，谓语动词普通用单数形式。,Conclusion:,18/72,Step3.,请你思考,19/72,Step3.,思索,That he will pass the exam,is certain.,It is certain,that he will pass the exam,.,注解：普通来说主语从句都是放在,但有时为了使句子,防止”头重脚轻”,惯用,作,，从而把主语从句放在,句首,保持平衡,it,形式主语,后面,主语从句一直位于句首位置吗？,他一定会经过考试,.,20/72,这么就组成了下面一些惯用句型,:,1)It is+n.+that,It is a pity/shame that.,可惜是,It is a surprise that,令人吃惊是,It is a fact that,事实是,It is common knowledge that ,是常识,*,_(,很可惜,)we lost the match.,*_(,这是事实,)he cheated in the exam.,It is a pity that,It is a fact that,21/72,2)It is+adj.+that,Its certain that,必定,It is possible/likely that.,很可能,It is obvious/clear that,很显著,It is true that,确实,It is necessary important natural.that,*_(,很可能,)she will come back tomorrow.,*_(,很显著,)he is an English.,It is possible that,It is obvious that,+(should)+do,22/72,3)It+,不及物动词,+that,It happened that.,恰巧,It occurred to me that,我突然想起,It appears/seems that,似乎，好像,It turned out that,原来,*_(,刚好,)I was out yesterday.,*_(,我突然想起,)I forgot to sent the letter.,It happened that,It occurred to me that,23/72,4)It+be+,过去分词,+,从句,It is said that.,听说,It is known to all that.,众所周知,It is reported that.,据报道,It is believed that.,据相信,;,人们相信,It is suggested that+(should,）,do.,提议,*_(,据报道,)20 people were killed in the accident.,*_(,提议,)we,should,eat more vegetable and do more exercise.,It is reported that,It is suggested that,24/72,主语从句,能够放在,前面,也能够放在,后面,。,用,it,作形式主语,把主语从句放在句末。,小结：,25/72,主语从句规律：,找出以下句子中错误，并总结规律,例,1.When will he come is not known.,规律一、,主语从句一律用陈说语序，,即主语在前，谓语在后。,正,：,When he will come,is not known.,26/72,主语从句规律：,例,2.He will not come to the meeting,this evening is true.,正：,That he will not come to the,meeting this evening,is true.,规律二、,连词,that,在从句中无实际意义，,但不能省略。,27/72,主语从句规律：,例,3,.If the meeting will be put off,has not been decided yet.,正：,Whether,the meeting will be put off,has not been decided yet.,规律三、,whether,能够引导主语从句，,放在句首，但if,不能,28/72,主语从句规律：,例,4.,That whether,he will help others,is a fact.,正,：,That,he will help others is a fact.,规律四、,主语从句中连词不能重合使用。,29/72,主语从句规律：,例,5.,When he will come,are,a puzzle.,正,：,When he will come,is,a puzzle.,规律五、,含主语从句主句谓语动词多用,单数第三人称形式。,30/72,主语从句规律：,1.What he needs,is,that book.,2.What he needs,are,some books.,规律六、,what,引导主语从句，可依据,表语决定主句动词单复数形式,。,31/72,规律七、,主语从句为了防止头重脚轻现象，用,it,做,形式主语，,而把从句放在后面,。,That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.,It,is known to all that the earth turns,around the sun.,32/72,主语从句三要素,he became a great scientist,is,known to us all.,Is,what you told me really true?,谓语动词多用单数,从句用陈说语序,不能省略关联词,How,33/72,在主语从句中，谓语普通用单数。,1,、不论他说什么都不主要。,Whatever he says,is,of no importance.,2,、不论谁说这话都不对。,Whoever says this,is,wrong,但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要视句子意义而定。,What I need,is,money.,What I need,are,books.,34/72,注意事项,1.,主语从句位于句首时必须由连接词引导。,2.,主语从句位于句末时引导词,that,可省略。,3.,主语从句位于句首时,不能用,if,引导。,4.,主语从句位于句末时,能够用,if,引导。,35/72,找犯错误，并给出理由：,1.Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided.,2.You have made a mistake is a fact.,3.If the policeman will come is not certain.,4.That is certain that we can win.,we shall,Whether,It,That you have,36/72,5.It is ordered we should leave at once.,6.Where he comes from are a mystery.,7.What whether he likes the job is not clear.,8.Who he is and where he is from is important.,9.What he saw is the stars in the sky.,that,is,x,are,are,37/72,注意,:,1,）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；不过假如用,it,做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，隶属连词,that,能够省略。,误：,They should like each other is natural.,正：,That they should like each other is,natural.,正：,It is natural(that)they should like,each other.,38/72,2),假如主语从句放在句首，不能用,if,引导，不过假如用,it,做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也能够用,if,引导，,或把,if,改为,whether,误：,If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.,正：,It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.,正,Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful.,39/72,Step4.,小结：,主语从句需注意问题,(1),主语从句中用陈说语序,What,she is afraid,of is their taking her to Paris.,(What is she afraid of Wrong),(2),主语从句后谓语动词普通用第三人称单数,（特殊情况见练习册,P60,）,That they havent phoned is strange.,(3)that,引导主语从句中，,that,不可被省略,That price will go up is certain.,40/72,4).,用于,It is important/natural/necessary/impossible that.,句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用,“should+,动词原形,”,形式,should,有时能够省略。,5),It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/,insisted/required,中,that,从句谓语也应该用,“should+,动词原形,”,形式,should,有时能够省略。,41/72,Step4.,小试牛刀,42/72,1._ you dont like him is,none of my business.,（与我无关）,2._ he said at the meeting surprised everyone.,3._ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.,4._ well go fishing tomorrow depends on the weather.,5._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,That,What,Whether,Whether,Whoever,43/72,1.,他是否是我孩子依然,(remain),是个问题。,_ remains a question.,Whether he is my child,补全句子练习,44/72,_,is your hairstyle.,2.,我所最喜欢是你发型,(hairstyle),。,What I like most,3.,我需要就是休息。,_,is rest.,What I need,45/72,_,made the teacher angry.,4.,这个男孩所做事让老师很生气。,What the boy did,46/72,_,is attracted by her.,5.,不论谁,见到这个女孩都会被她吸引（,attact,）。,Whoever sees the girl,47/72,练习,:,用主语从句翻译以下句子。,1.,他偷了一部自行车是真。,2.,我现在需要是你帮助。,3.,他出生在何时还不知道。,4.,不论谁最终离开房间都应该关门。,48/72,答案,:,1.,他偷了一部自行车是真。,That he stole a bike,was true.,2.,我现在需要是你帮助。,What I need now,is your help.,3.,他出生在何时还不知道。,When he was born,has not been known.,4.,不论谁最终离开房间都应该关门。,Whoever leaves the room last,should close,the door.,49/72,the cat do,made,What the cat did made the baby cry.,What,cry,Make a sentence,30,50/72,talk about,the use of,cell phone,What they are talking about,is the,use of cell phone.,Make a sentence,30,51/72,report,get the highest points,match,It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.,Make a sentence,30,52/72,It makes the teacher angry that the child doesnt know the answer.,teacher angry,Dont know the answer,Make a sentence,30,53/72,Exercises:,1.,has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.,A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever,D,2.,It was,he said,disappointed me.,A.what;that B.that;that C.what;what D.that;what,A,3.,we,ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.,A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where,B,4.,he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.,A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter,A,54/72,5.,was to return to school.,A.That really interested him B.What really interested him,C.Which really interested him D.That interest him really,B,6,.,makes mistakes must correct them.,A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever,C,7,.,your men have been on my land without permission.,A.It seems that B.There seems to be,C.That seems D.It seems forA,8,.,It has always puzzled me,the old man lied a red,silk ribbon on the young tree.,A.that B.why C.where D.what,B,55/72,11.,_ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.,A.That B.Why C.What D.How,12,._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.,A If B Whether C That D Where,13.,_ is known to us all that America is a developed country.,A Which B As C What D It,56/72,1,4.Its known to us all _ a form of energy.,A.water is B.that water is,C.is water D.that water to,1,5.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.,A.whether B.that C.what D.when,1,6.What I say and think _ none of your business.,A.is B.are C.has D have,57/72,1,7._makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.,A What,B Who,C Whatever,D Whoever,58/72,1,8.These wild flowers are so special that I would do_ I can to save them.,A whatever,B that,C which,D whichever,59/72,1,9._ made the school proud was _ more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.,A.What;because B.What;that,C.That;what D.That;because,60/72,2,0._ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.,A.That B.What,C.Whether D.Where,61/72,2,1.,parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.,A.That B.Which,C.What D.As,62/72,22_ they are most interested in is how they can produce more and better cars.,A.That B.What C.What D.That,23_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.,A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where,24._ makes mistakes must correct them.,A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever,25._ surprised me most was that such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.,A.That B.What C.That D.When,C,B,C,B,63/72,26._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.,A.Ifdo B.Thatdo C.Ifdoes D.Thatdoes,27.It _ Bob drives badly.,A.thinks that B.is thought what,C.thought that D.is thought that,28.Its uncertain(不确定）_ the exhibition will be hold in Shanghai.,A.if B.that C.whether D.how,29._ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.,A.That B.What C.How D.Which,D,C,A,D,64/72,30 _ we cant have seems better than that we have.,A.What B.Who C.That D.whose,31._ you dont like him is none of my business.,A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether,32._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.,A.If .B.Whether C.That D.Where,33._is going to do the job will,be decided by the CEO.,A.That B.Why C.How D.Who,C,B,D,A,65/72,34._ well finish translating the book depends on the time.,A.When B.Why C.What D.That,35._ makes mistakes must correct them.,A.Who B.Anyone,C.Whoever D.Anybody,36._ team will win the match is none of my business.,A.Which B.That C.If D.How,A,A,C,66/72,37.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.,A.,whether,B.,t,hat,C.what,D.when,38.What I say and think _ none of your business.,A.is B.are C.has D have,67/72,1._ you dont like him is none of my business.,2._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present,3._ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.,4._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.,5._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,That,What,Whether,Whether,Whoever,请用恰当主语从句连词填空,:What,it,that,whether,whoever,68/72,Correct or not?,*When the meeting will be held havent been known yet.,.be held,hasnt,been known yet.,Pay attention:,主语从句谓语用,单数,形式,10,69/72,*,If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,Correct or not?,Whether,we will.,decided yet.,Pay attention:,放在名词性从句,句首,，表示“是否”，只能用,whether,不能用,if,10,70/72,Correct or not?,Pay attention:,此主语从句,缺乏成份,-,宾语，故用作成份,what,来引导，而不用,that,。,What,she wants to know is.,*That she wants to know is when the party will be held.,10,71/72,Correct or not?,Pay attention:,由,that,引导主语从句放在句首，,that,不能省略,。,That,he will give up,*He will give up his job surprises all of us.,10,72/72,