高考英语复习完形填空专题十一记叙文市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第二部分完形填空,1/60,-,2,-,近几年高考英语天津卷完形填空题着重考查考生语言综合利用能力,命题所选材料来自英语国家主要报纸、杂志,语言地道,表达跨文化交际意识,符合考生生活经验、学习特点和认知水平,能激活考生思维,并给考生较大想象空间。详细命题特点分析以下:,命题规律,备考策略,2/60,-,3,-,1.,体裁稳定,题材丰富,年高考英语天津卷完形填空语篇体裁、题材统计,命题规律,备考策略,完形填空在体裁上倾向于记叙文。题材内容上贴近考生生活,表达小故事大道理。同时,侧重于记叙和细致描写反应人物心理活动改变方面,传达了正能量,兼有教育性和启迪性。,3/60,-,4,-,2.,篇幅不大,长难句增多,完形填空题语篇基本维持要求240300词数限制,但其中长难句增多,加大了完形填空难度。比如年天津卷完形填空有七个复合句,六个and或but连接并列句,还有一个强调句,这些都给考生在句子了解上带来了不小挑战。,3.,逻辑清楚,突出语境,完形填空语篇逻辑严密,故事情节波折但很完整。文章使用显著过渡词语来连接语篇逻辑关系,表达了“突出语篇”命题格调与考查要求。,命题规律,备考策略,4/60,-,5,-,4.,实词为主,虚词为辅,年高考英语天津卷完形填空考点统计,依据上面表格可知,完形填空重点考查词类为名词、动词和形容词。,命题规律,备考策略,5/60,-,6,-,命题规律,备考策略,做完形填空题时,切忌边看短文边选答案,因为这么会脱离上下文语境,造成误选。依据完形填空题这一特点,解答完形填空题应遵照以下三个步骤:,1,.,通读全文,把握主旨。,2,.,逐句精读,逐句分析。依据文中语意、惯用搭配、前后逻辑以及常识进行客观推测,务必克服平时思维定式及不良做题习惯。,3,.,复读全文,整体核校。依据文章中心思想与各段落之间、前后句之间内在逻辑关系,检验文章整体性;也能够从语法、词义、惯使用方法、固定搭配、背景知识等方面深入验证,从而深入加深对文章了解并修改答案。,6/60,-,7,-,命题规律,备考策略,完形填空常考查以下几个方面,在备考训练中应引发重视。,1,.,词汇复现:原词、同(近)义词、反义词、同源词、概括词复现等。,2,.,前后照应:关联,时间线索,总分结构对照分析。,3,.,固定搭配:动词、副词、形容词、名词和介词等固定搭配,尤以动词搭配为主要考查点。,4,.,词义辨析:动词、名词、形容词、副词、介词及短语等辨析。,5,.,语法结构和固定句式。,6,.,背景常识:文化、社会、生活、科学常识,历史、地理知识,英语国家风俗习惯以及中西方文化差异。,7/60,专题十一记叙文,8/60,-,9,-,考情概览,完形填空着重考查考生语篇了解能力,记叙文因具备完整故事情节和深刻教育意义而更能考查考生这种能力,所以在近几年高考中,记叙文这种体裁依然为选材重中之重。它主要包含幽默故事、事件叙述等。其语言特点有,:,1,.,以普通过去时为主,其它时态为辅。考查考生对丰富多彩谓语动词时态合理使用。有了动词时态改变,才使英语文章中所叙述动作有了层次感和立体感。,2,.,广泛使用动词,尤其是动态动词。因为这些动词存在,文章就会充满,“,动感,”,而这种让往事历历在目标,“,动感,”,正是优异记叙文所要追求。,3,.,适当利用直接引语。直接引语使用能够代替间接主观叙述,简练、生动地表示出事件发展过程和各种人物心理活动,充分展示人物独特个性和人物之间相互关系。,9/60,-,10,4,.,在夹叙夹议文体完形填空中,作者首先叙述一件事,然后就此事提出自己看法或由此事引出一个深刻道理。,10/60,-,11,-,一,二,一、纯记叙类文体,1,.,读透首句,掌握主旨。,重视首句,明确短文话题,了解篇章结构,预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文作者都会用一句话点明人物姓名、身份或事件发生时间、地点,然后再逐步深入介绍事件发生、发展情况,最终得出结论。所以读透首句对于了解全篇至关主要,这就是我们了解文章内在联络“突破口”。,例,(,全国,卷,)When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant,41(beating out),Miller King,who was the best,42(player),at our school.,分析,:,本文第一段点明了作者志向,并点明了一个他想击败人物,Miller,King,。由此预测,后文故事发展将会是作者在成为足球明星道路上与当初最正确球员之间关系发展、冲突等情节,也可大胆预测他们可能最终会成为朋友。,11/60,-,12,-,一,二,2,.,速读全文,掌握中心。,速读全文要求一气呵成,跳过空格,快速阅读,领会大意,把握中心。重点了解记叙文要素,如时间、地点、人物和事件等,从整体上把握文章叙述次序和结构根本。12/60,-,13,-,一,二,例,(,天津卷,),At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds.I had a very poor relationship with food:I used it to,16,bad feelings,to make myself feel better,and to celebrate.Worried about my health,I tried many different kinds of,17,but nothing worked.I came to believe that I could do nothing about my,18,.,When I was 50,my weight problem began to affect me,19,.I didn,t want to live the rest of my life with this,20,weight any more.,That year,I,21,a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.A seminar leader shared her,22,story she had not only lost 125 poundsbut also raised$25,000 for homeless children.,13/60,-,14,-,一,二,23,by her story,I created the As We Heal(,痊愈),the World Heals,24,.My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise$50,000,25,a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.This combination of healing myself and healing the world,26,me as the perfect solution.,27,I began my own personal weight program,I was filled with the fear that I would,28,the same difficulties that beat me before.While the,29,hung over my head,there were also signs that I was headed down the right,30,.I sent letters to everyone I knew,telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began,31,in from hundreds of people.,14/60,-,15,-,一,二,Of course,I also took some practical steps to lose weight.I consulted with a physician(,内科医生),I hired a fitness coach,and I began to eat small and,32,meals.My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise,33,.,A year later,I,34,my goal:I lost 150 pounds and raised$50,000!I feel that I,ve been given a second life to devote to something that is,35,and enormous.,15/60,-,16,-,一,二,分析,:,经过略读全文,把握关键词汇,weight,project,和,donations,等。在文章开头作者交代了曾为自己肥胖问题所困扰,尝试了各种减肥方法,但都没有用,;,第二、三段介绍作者在五十岁时想改变现实状况并受到一位女士影响,;,第四、五、六段介绍作者经过采取实际行动,将减肥与公益事业相结合,;,最终一段则是作者达成了自己目标。文章结构清楚明了,经过跳过空格速读全文,能够很好地把握文章根本。,16/60,-,17,-,一,二,3,.,身临其境,故事重构。,采取换位思索方式,假设自己就是故事主人公,在此情此景下,模拟故事情景,推断故事发展,体会作者心情、观点和态度等。这么才能对故事或事件有一个贴切把握,才能选出符合语境词语。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。,17/60,-,18,-,一,二,例,Finally,the day of the party,46(arrived),.Some guests brought presents.Others brought flowers.Some even brought desserts to,47,.One woman,Mrs.Gilbert,48(presented),Dario,s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.,A.order,B.sell,C.shareD.advertise,分析,:,做题时,应将自己考虑为故事主人公,依据详细语境和国外文化背景知识可知,在派对上客人买来礼品、鲜花,甚至还有些人拿甜点来分享。故选,C,项。,18/60,-,19,-,一,二,4,.,关注末段,注意感想。,最终一段通常是作者有感而发心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选取适当形容词、副词、动词或名词等。,例,(,北京卷,),Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a,55,in the,world.You can,too!,A.choiceB.profit,C.judgementD.difference,分析,:,本文讲述了一位善良小女孩汉娜,泰勒因亲眼看见无家可归人们悲惨生活而决心做一些事情来帮助这些人故事。汉娜经过自己努力建立公益组织,筹集资金,以帮助那些无家可归、忍饥挨饿人们。最终一段作者有感而发,以汉娜故事告诉我们,年轻人也能够经过自己努力去改变世界。所以答案应该为,difference,。,19/60,-,20,-,一,二,5,.,浏览全文,复查核定。,依据记叙文线索,考生一定要进行回查,仔细推敲,校正全文,使故事恢复原貌。检验关键点包含:(1)语意是否前后一致;(2)上下文是否通顺连贯,内容是否完整;(3)所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构;(4)文化背景和生活常识内容是否合理。,20/60,-,21,-,一,二,二、夹叙夹议类文体,1,.,在做这类体裁完形填空题时,抓住作者观点或作者阐述生活哲理是关键。因为作者叙述所发生事情或事例是为其要表示思想服务。,例,(,天津卷,),The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.,Cathy suffered some terrible,16,in her early childhood.After years of regular treatment,she,17,became healthy.,.,21/60,-,22,-,一,二,Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year.Cathy didn,t expect any award but was still there to,30,her friends and praise their accomplishments.As the ceremony was nearing the end,I suddenly heard the head coach,31,“The highest honor goes to Cathy!”Looking around,he continued,“Cathy has inspired us with her,32,and enthusiasm.,33,skills and talents bring great success,the most valuable asset(,财富)one can hold is the heart.”,It was the greatest,34,of my daughter,s life.With all she had been,35,in her ten years,this was the hour of true triumph(,成功).,22/60,-,23,-,一,二,分析,:“,我”女儿凯茜经过努力,加入了一个游泳队。即使身体不适,她也坚持训练。即使比赛中得了最终一名,但她没有放弃。最终颁奖仪式上,总教练把最高荣誉奖颁发给她。由此,作者在结尾处点明,是,“,我,”,女儿意志力和热情让她赢得了最终荣誉。抓住作者叙事议理脉络和作者写作意图,对每个题目标判断就有理有据了。,23/60,-,24,-,一,二,2,.,文章首句可能是一个完整富有哲理句子,这个句子不容忽略,因为它往往是全文关键句,甚至是文章主题句。,One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder.However,life can be,36(great),when you are not busy finding fault with it.,Several years ago I,37,a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry,who described herself as a world-class fault-finder,almost always,38,by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her,and,39,was ever good enough.She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really,40,person.,.,24/60,-,25,-,一,二,分析,:,作者在文章第一段就向读者阐述了一个生活哲理,即世界上最轻易做事情之一就是成为一个挑错人,不过假如你不忙着挑错,那么你生活可能就非同凡响了。后文经过实例来证实自己观点。,25/60,-,26,-,一,二,3,.,抓住文章线索,弄明白文章逻辑关系。夹叙夹议文是记叙和议论在文中交织利用,解题时一定要伴随记叙与议论转换,及时调整思维方式。,26/60,-,27,-,一,二,.,Unfortunately,it took a horrible accident to change her,41,.Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost,42,to deal with was that the day before the,43,Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her,44,of boyfriends,the way she was living,the way she related to her mother,and various other things she felt she needed to,45,.It wasn,t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became,46,her habit of finding fault.Very quickly,she learned to appreciate life rather than to,47,everything so harshly(,刻薄).She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her,48,as well.,27/60,-,28,-,一,二,Perhaps most of us aren,t extreme at fault-finding,49,when we,re honest,we can be sharply,50,of the world.I,m not suggesting you,51,problems,or that you pretend things are,52,than they are,but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are,53,most of the time,and especially when it,s not a really big,54,.,.,分析,:,文章第三段是在叙述小女孩,Kerry,故事,但从第四段表述中我们不难看出作者在表示个人看法所以文章由记叙变为了议论。所以做题时要做好明确区分。,28/60,-,29,-,一,二,4,.,叙和议是一个有机整体,“叙”是“议”基础,即议论不能脱离记叙,必须在记叙基础上展开;“议”是“叙”渗透,即议论在记叙基础上发表,且要有一定深度与广度。二者水乳交融,互为一体。,.,I passed the clean comb back to Dad.He smiled at me and,41,placed his comb on his wallet.But this time,I noticed something,42,.Dad had aged.He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled,43,his smile was still as,44,as before,the smile of a father who just wanted a good,45,for his family.,分析,:,作者在文章最终一段中采取了记叙和议论相结合手法表述了父亲改变和自己对父亲那丝微笑感触。记叙中有议论,议论跟着记叙。,29/60,-,30,-,A,B,C,(,天津卷,),The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.,Cathy suffered some terrible,1,in her early childhood.After years of regular treatment,she,2,became healthy.,Two years ago,while Cathy was watching the Olympics,a dream came into her sweet little headto be a swimmer.Last summer,she wanted to,3,our local swim team.She practiced hard and finally,4,it.The team practice,5,was a rough start.She coughed and choked and could hardly,6,her first few weeks.Hearing her coughing bitterly one night,I decided to,7,her from it all.But Cathy woke me up early next morning,wearing her swimsuit,8,to go!I told her she shouldn,t swim after a whole night,s coughing,but she refused to,9,and insisted she go.,30/60,-,31,-,A,B,C,From that day on,Cathy kept swimming and didn,t,10,a single practice.She had a,11,intention within herself to be the best she could be.My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes,into this,12,human being with a passion and a mission.There were moments of,13,of course:often she would be the last swimmer in the race.It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn,t a,14,ever.But that didn,t stop her from trying.,31/60,-,32,-,A,B,C,Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year.Cathy didn,t expect any award but was still there to,15,her friends and praise their accomplishments.As the ceremony was nearing the end,I suddenly heard the head coach,16,“The highest honor goes to Cathy!”Looking around,he continued,“Cathy has inspired us with her,17,and enthusiasm.,18,skills and talents bring great success,the most valuable asset(,财富)one can hold is the heart.”,It was the greatest,19,of my daughter,s life.With all she had been,20,in her ten years,this was the hour of true triumph(,成功).,32/60,-,33,-,A,B,C,1,.A.failureB.pressure,C.lossD.illness,2,.A.usuallyB.finally,C.firstlyD.frequently,3,.A.improveB.train,C.joinD.contact,4,.A.increasedB.found,C.createdD.made,5,.A.howeverB.therefore,C.otherwiseD.instead,6,.A.useB.survive,C.saveD.waste,33/60,-,34,-,A,B,C,7,.A.pullB.tell,C.hideD.fire,8,.A.afraidB.nervous,C.readyD.free,9,.A.take offB.set off,C.give upD.show up,10,.A.attendB.miss,C.banD.start,11,.A.richB.weak,C.firmD.kind,12,.A.trustedB.determined,C.experiencedD.embarrassed,13,.A.frustrationB.delight,C.excitementD.surprise,34/60,-,35,-,A,B,C,14,.A.beginnerB.learner,C.partnerD.winner,15,.A.cheer onB.compete with,C.respond toD.run after,16,.A.admittingB.explaining,C.announcingD.whispering,17,.A.humorB.will,C.honestyD.wisdom,18,.A.AlthoughB.Since,C.OnceD.Because,19,.A.discoveryB.choice,C.influenceD.moment,20,.A.throughB.under,C.acrossD.around,35/60,-,36,-,A,B,C,【语篇导读】,本文为夹叙夹议文。,“,我,”,女儿凯茜经过努力,加入了一个游泳队,即使她身体不适,她也坚持训练,;,即使比赛中得了最终一名,但她没有放弃。最终颁奖仪式上,总教练把最高荣誉奖颁发给她。,1,.D,解析,由下一句中,“After,years,of,regular,treatment(,经过多年常规治疗,)”,可知,该句含义应为,:,凯茜在童年早期患有某种严重疾病。,failure“,失败,”;pressure“,压力,”;loss“,损失,失去,”;illness“,疾病,”,。故选,D,项。,2,.B,解析,句意,:,经过多年常规治疗,她最终恢复了健康。,usually“,通常,”;finally“,最终,”;firstly“,首先,”;frequently“,频繁地,”,。故选,B,项。,36/60,-,37,-,A,B,C,3,.C,解析,句意:去年夏天,她想加入我们当地游泳队。improve“提升;改进”;train“训练”;join“加入组织或团体,成为其中一员,”;contact“,联络,”,。故选,C,项。,4,.D,解析,句意,:,她努力练习,最终成功了。,increase“,增加,”;find“,发觉,;,找到,”;create“,创造,”;make“,制作,”,make,it,“,成功,”,。故选,D,项。,5,.A,解析,句意,:,然而,游泳队训练是苦难开始。上文提到她成功加入了游泳队,本句则提到游泳队训练开始并不轻易,故二者存在转折关系。,however“,然而,”;therefore“,所以,”;otherwise“,不然,”;instead“,相反,”,。故选,A,项。,6,.B,解析,句意,:,她咳嗽、窒息,几乎熬不过前几个星期。,use“,使用,”;survive“,幸存,”;save“,救,;,节约,”;waste“,浪费,”,。由上一句中,rough,可知,答案为,survive,。,37/60,-,38,-,A,B,C,7,.A,解析,句意:一天晚上听到她痛苦地咳嗽,“我”决定不让她去训练了。pull“拉”;tell“告诉”;hide“藏,”;fire“,开火,;,辞退,”;pull.from.“,从脱身,”,。由句意知,A,项为正确答案。,8,.C,解析,句意,:,不过第二天清晨,凯茜把,“,我,”,叫醒,她已经穿好泳衣,准备出发了。,afraid“,害怕,”nervous“,担心,”;ready“,准备好,”;free“,自由,;,无偿,”,。由她已经穿好泳衣可知,ready,为最正确答案。,9,.C,解析,句意,:“,我,”,告诉她一整晚咳嗽之后,她不应该去游泳,不过她拒绝放弃,坚持要去。,take,off“,起飞,;,脱掉,”;set,off“,动身,启程,;,使爆炸,”;give,up“,放弃,”;show,up“,到场,露面,”,。由空后句子,“,她坚持要去,”,可知,give,up,为最正确答案。,38/60,-,39,-,A,B,C,10,.B,解析,句意:从那天起,她继续游泳,没有错过一次训练。attend“参加”;miss“错过思念,”;ban“,禁止,”;start“,开始,;,发动,”,。由该句中,“Cathy,kept,swimming”,可知,miss,为最正确答案。,11,.C,解析,句意,:,她心中有一个坚定目标,要尽自己所能成为最棒。,rich“,富有,;,丰富,”;weak“,弱,”;firm“,坚定,”;kind“,好心,善良,”,。由凯茜不放弃,坚持训练可知,她这种想法是坚定。故选,C,项。,12,.B,解析,句意,:“,我,”,眼看着,“,我,”10,岁女儿成长为一个有兴趣,有目标并意志坚定人。,trusted“,受信任,”;determined“,坚定,”;experienced“,有经验,”;embarrassed“,尴尬,难为情,”,。由凯茜坚持游泳训练事实可知,determined,为最正确答案。,39/60,-,40,-,A,B,C,13,.A,解析,句意:当然她也有一些感到挫败时刻,她经常是游泳比赛中最终一名。frustration“挫折,挫败”;delight“高兴,”;excitement“,激动,兴奋,”;surprise“,诧异,吃惊,”,。从她是游泳比赛中最终一名可知,此处应选择,frustration,。,14,.D,解析,句意,:,凯茜极难接收自己不是一名获胜者。,beginner“,初学者,”;learner“,学习者,”;partner“,搭档,合作搭档,”;winner“,获胜者,”,。依据上一句中,“she,would,be,the,last,swimmer,in,the,race”,可知,她极难接收自己不是获胜者,故选,winner,。,15,.A,解析,句意,:,凯茜没有期望任何奖项,不过依旧到那儿为她朋友们鼓劲加油,而且赞美他们。,cheer,on“,向欢呼,”;compete,with“,与竞争,”;respond,to“,对作出回应,”;run,after“,追赶,;,追求,”,。依据句意可知,A,项为最正确答案。,40/60,-,41,-,A,B,C,16,.C,解析,句意:当颁奖仪式靠近尾声时,“我”突然听到总教练宣告最高荣誉奖属于凯茜,!”admit“,认可,”;explain“,解释,”;announce“,宣告,”;whisper“,低声说,”,。宣告一件大家关注事情,应用,announce,故选,C,项。,17,.B,解析,句意,:,凯茜用她意志和热情激励了我们。,humor,“,幽默,”;will“,意志力,”;honesty“,老实,”;wisdom“,智慧,”,。上文主要讲述了凯茜不顾自己身体,坚持游泳训练,表达是她意志力。故选,B,项。,18,.A,解析,句意,:,即使技巧和天赋带来巨大成功,不过一个人拥有最宝贵财富是内心。,although“,即使,尽管,”;since“,自从,因为,once“,一旦,”;because“,因为,”,。由句意可知,although,为最正确答案。,41/60,-,42,-,A,B,C,19,.D,解析,句意:这是“我”女儿一生中最伟大时刻。,discovery“,发觉,”;choice“,选择,”;influence“,影响,”;moment“,时刻,”,。由句意可知,D,项为最正确答案。,20,.A,解析,句意,:,在她十年中所经历全部时刻中,这是她真正成功时刻。,through“,经历,;,经过,”;under“,在下面,”;across“,横穿,”;around“,在周围,”,。本句指,“,我,”,女儿所经历事情,故选,through,。,42/60,-,43,-,A,B,C,(,天津卷,),My fianc,(,未婚夫)and I were excited about shopping for our first home.But our funds were,1,and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.,One agent,2,a house in particular.Although her description sounded wonderful,the price was,3,our range,so we declined.But she kept urging us to have a look,4,.,We finally did and it was,5,at first sight.It was Our Home,small and charming,overlooking a quiet lake.Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners,a nice elderly couple,we felt the warmth and,6,of the marriage within that home.As perfect as it was,the price remained too high for us.But every day,we would sit by the lake,looking at the house and dreaming of,7,it would be like to live there.,43/60,-,44,-,A,B,C,Days later,we made a(n),8,far below the asking price.Surprisingly,they didn,t,9,us.They renewed their offer,10,.It was also much more than we could afford,but far,11,than the original asking price.,The next day,we got a,12,message that another buyer had offered a much higher price.Even so,we decided to talk with the,13,directly.We made our final offer,which,14,was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer,s bid.We knew it,15,