高考英语-重难增分篇-第一讲-时态和语态-市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,目录,CONTENTS,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,标题文本预设,此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示（建议使用主题字体）,标题文本预设,此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示（建议使用主题字体）,标题文本预设,此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示（建议使用主题字体）,标题文本预设,此部分内容作为文字排版占位显示（建议使用主题字体）,目录,CONTENTS,01,02,03,04,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,李仕才,1/51,2/51,3/51,4/51,5/51,1,利用,“,7,看法,”,，熟记,“,4,句型,”,速判动词时态,(1),掌握独特时间状语标志,(,7,看法,),6/51,7/51,I,usually get up,at four o,clock every morning when it,s still dark.,我通常天天早晨四点起床，那时天还很黑。,I,will be talking,with the professor,at this time tomorrow,.,明天这个时间我将在和教授谈话。,By the time,you get home I,will have cleaned,the house from top to bottom.,到你回家时候，我将会已经把房子清扫得干洁净净。,8/51,(2),熟记固定句型中时态,(,4,句型,),be doing.when.,，主句惯用过去进行时，从句惯用普通过去时。,no sooner.than,或,hardly.when.,，主句用过去完成时，从句用普通过去时。,It is/has been,时间段,since.,表示,“,自从,以来已经,”,。主句用现在完成时或普通现在时，从句用普通过去时。,This/It/That is the first/second.time that.,表示,“,这,/,那是第一,/,二,次,”,，后面句子要用现在完成时。,9/51,Hardly had,the speaker,finished,his speech,when,the audience kept asking him questions.,演讲者一结束他讲话，观众就不停地向他提问。,It is the third time that,you,have been,late for work this week,isn,t it?,这已经是你本周第三次工作迟到了，不是吗？,The boy,was doing,his homework,when,his father came back from work.,当那个男孩父亲下班回来时，他正在做作业。,10/51,2,被动语态几点说明,(1),不知道或没有必要说明动作执行者是谁，或者需要突出或强调动作承受者时，就要用被动语态。,(2),只有及物动词才有被动语态。但,cost,，,have,，,own,，,lack,，,agree with,，,suffer from,，,belong to,，,consist of,等及物动词或及物短语动词没有被动语态。,(3)happen,，,occur,，,come about,，,take place,等不及物动词没有被动语态。,(4),带有介词动词短语被动语态，不要遗漏介词。,The children will be looked,after,well here.,这些孩子在这里将受到很好照料。,11/51,(5),系动词,feel,，,look,，,seem,，,appear,，,taste,，,sound,，,smell,，,prove,，,remain,等用主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是事物。,The material,feels,very soft.,这种料子摸起来很柔软。,12/51,读语篇，悟语法。重复朗诵以下短文，领悟画线黑体部分。注意时态语态使用方法。,I am Li Fan,，,chairman of the Students,Union.I,am,_,writing,1,to draw your attention to some improper behaviour in our campus,：,littering and scribbling.It,has,_,been,_,making,2,our school dirty and unpleasant.I always,feel,_,ashamed,3,whenever I,see,this.It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about.Last week,，,the students,Union,held,4,a meeting to seek some solutions to these problems.We,were,_,having,5,a heated discussion when our headmaster came and joined us.After the,13/51,meeting,，,the headmaster said that the school,had made,6,efforts to improve this situation and more dustbins,would be placed,7,around.Recently,，,the Students,Union,has set up,8,specific rules against such behaviour.At the same time,，,all of us should develop good habits and better behave ourselves.We believe that,，,with the joint efforts of both teachers and students,，,our school,will become,9,a more enjoyable place in the near future.,14/51,1,现在进行时，表示现在正在发生动作。,2,现在完成进行时，表示从过去从开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去动作。,3,普通现在时，表示经常性或习惯性动作。,4,普通过去时，在过去某个时间里,(last week,上周,),所发生动作。,5,过去进行时，在过去某一时间正在进行动作。,6,过去完成时，表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了动作，即,“,过去过去,”,。,15/51,7,过去未来时，表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生动作或将要存在状态。另外，此处主语,dustbins,为动作承受者，所以用被动语态。,8,现在完成时，表示过去发生某一动作对现在造成影响或结果。,9,普通未来时，表示在未来某一时刻要发生动作或存在状态。,16/51,.,单句填空,(,用所给动词适当形式填空,),1,The sun was setting when my car _(break)down near a remote village.,2,This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural course.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _(result)in the contrary to our intention.,3,People stepped on your feet or _(push)you with their elbows,，,hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.,4,Her mother was excited.,“,Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,，,”,Jane _(inform),broke,results,pushed,was informed,17/51,5,I got on the bus and found a seat near the back and then I noticed a man sitting at the front.He _(pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.,6,I,ll go to the library as soon as I finish what I _(do),7,It is the most instructive lecture that I _(attend)since I came to this school.,8,In the last few years thousands of films _(produce)all over the world.,9,By the time Jack returned home from England,，,his son _(graduate)from college.,10,Barbara is easy to recognize as she,s the only one of the women who _(wear)evening dress.,was pretending,am doing,have attended,have been produced,had graduated,wears,18/51,.,单句改错,(,以下每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅包括一个单词增加、删除或修改，请指出并更正。,),1,It is the first time that he talked with his father face to face._,2,The vase isn,t belong to him._,3,She insisted that she organized the trip on her own._,4,In the last twenty years,，,great changes have been taken place in our country._,5,As time go by,，,online shopping is becoming more and more popular._,talked,has talked,isnt,doesnt,organized,organize,去掉,have,后,been,go,goes,19/51,6,Ever since middle school,，,my sister Wang Wei and I dreamed about taking a great bike trip._,7,Hardly I sat down when I heard the shocking news._,8,The book has translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973._,9,The old man is happy because he is well taken care._,10,The new teaching building was builded last year._,在,dreamed,前加,have,在,I,前加,had,在,translated,前加,been,在,care,后加,of,builded,built,20/51,.,语篇填空,(,用括号中动词正确形式填空,),How have you managed not to take a drink for almost 20 years,？,It 1._(take)me almost 20 years to have the courage to even ask my father this very personal question.When Dad first quit drinking,，,the whole family was on pins and needles every time he got into a situation that,，,in the past,，,2._(start)him drinking again.For a few years we were afraid to bring it up for fear the drinking 3._(begin)again.,21/51,“,I had this little poem that I would recite to myself at least four to five times a day,，,”,was Dad,s reply to my 18yearold unasked question.And then he 4._(share)the poem with me.,About a month after this talk with my father,，,when I 5._(have)a rest,，,I received a gift in the mail from a friend of mine.It was a book of daily affirmations with one affirmation listed for each day of the year.,It 6._(be)my experience that when you 7._(get)something with days of the year on it,，,you 8._(turn)to the page that lists your own birthday.,22/51,I hurriedly opened the book to November 10 to see what words of wisdom this book had in store for me.There,，,on my birthday,，,was the exact same poem that 9._(help)my father for all these years,！,It 10._(call)the,Serenity,Prayer,.,23/51,【语篇导读】,一位十八岁儿子鼓起勇气问出了怀揣了快要二十年问题：父亲是怎样成功戒酒近二十年。最终在朋友送一本书上，恰好在自己生日对应那一页看到了父亲戒酒期间勉励自己祷告，表示了父亲为了儿子而戒酒浓浓父爱。,1,took,从下文,“For a few years we were afraid to.,”,“,were,”,可知，此处应该用普通过去时。,2,would have started,句意：,“,父亲最初戒酒时，一旦他陷入过去再次喝酒情景时，整个家庭就会坐立不安。,”,从上文,“,every time he got into a,.,”,谓语动词过去式可知，此处表示是过去必定会发生事情。,3,would begin,从句无谓语动词，且从上文,“,we were afraid to bring it up for fear,”,谓语动词,were,可知，此处缺乏一个表示过去未来谓语动词。,24/51,4,shared,本句无谓语动词，从该句时间副词,“,then,”,可知，此处应为普通过去时。,5,was having,由,when,引发时间状语从句中从句部分无谓语动词，故,have,在本句应作谓语动词，又从主句谓语动词,received,可知，当初作者应该是正在休息，收到礼品，故此处应该填动词过去进行时，表示过去正在进行动作。,6,has been,此句为,it,引导形式主语从句，,be,在主句中作谓语动词；由下文,“,my experience,”,可知这么事情已经发生屡次，已成经验，故用完成时态。,7,get,由,when,引发从句缺乏谓语动词，再由原文可知，这里表示是一件经常发生事情，故用动词普通现在时。,8,will turn,由,when,引发时间状语从句中，从句谓语动词,get,用普通现在时，主句就会用普通未来时，表示将要发生动作。,25/51,9,had helped,因为主句,there,be,句式谓语动词,be,用过去时，而以,the poem,为先行词定语从句中无谓语动词，需要一个表示发生在主句谓语动作之前动作，故用过去完成时。,10,is called,句子无谓语动词，故,call,应作句子谓语；而,it,与,call,之间是被动关系；文中讲是书名，应为客观存在事实，故用普通现在时被动语态。,26/51,第二课时高考研究课,动词时态和语态在语法填空中考查点,规律方法,“,4,步法,”,确定动词时态和语态,第一步，确定句子是否缺乏谓语：假如括号中给出提醒词是动词，首先要分析句子成份。假如句子缺乏谓语，那么空格处应填谓语动词，就要考虑使用适当时态和语态。,第二步，确定时态：要依据详细语境、时间状语或另一动词时态来判断用哪种时态。,27/51,第三步，确定语态：语态要依据主语和谓语动词之间逻辑关系确定。主语和谓语动词之间是主动关系时动词就应用主动语态，是被动关系时就应用被动语态。,第四步，确定主谓一致：要注意谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。,28/51,1,Steam engines _(use)to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,with all the smoke and noise.,(,全国卷,),真题验证,1,were used,此处讲是过去事情，主语,Steam engines,和,use,之间是被动关系，所以用普通过去时被动语态。,2,Later,engineers _(manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(,隧道,),，,which became known as the Tube.,(,全国卷,),managed,此处讲是过去事情，所以用普通过去时，主语,engineers,和,manage,之间是主动关系，故填,managed,。,29/51,are removed,填空处于句中作谓语。本文讲述是现实状况，用普通现在时。主语是,fat and salt,，与,remove,之间是被动关系，故填,are removed,。,3,When fat and salt _(remove)from food,the food tastes as if it is missing something.,(,全国卷,),4,Sarah _(tell)that she could be Britain,s new supermodel,earning a million dollars in the next year.,(,全国卷,),has been told/was told,句意应为,“,有些人告诉过,Sarah,，她可能是英国一名新超模，下一年能挣一百万美元,”,，故句子谓语应该使用现在完成时被动语态。因为从句中谓语动词,could be,此处也能够使用普通过去时被动语态。,30/51,5,Sarah says,“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment,school _(come)first.I don,t want to get too absorbed in modeling.”,(,全国卷,),comes,此句是直接引语，依据前后句子谓语可知，动词,come,应该使用普通现在时。,6,Pahlsson and her husband _(search)the kitchen,checking every corner,but turned up nothing.,(,浙江卷,),searched,依据后面,but turned up nothing可知，此处描述是过去发生行为，故要用普通过去时。,31/51,swept,戒指被扫进垃圾堆里。主语,the ring,与动词,sweep,之间为被动关系，故此处要用动词过去分词形式。,7,Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got _(sweep)into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden,where it remained until the carrot,s leafy top accidentally sprouted(,生长,)through it.,(,浙江卷,),8,Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _(be)too violent for use at the table.,(,全国卷,),were,由前面谓语动词,believed,would remind,等使用过去时，可知此处,be,动词应使用过去时。,32/51,9,It was raining lightly when I _(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.,(,全国卷,),arrived,在句型,“,be doing.when.中，前半分句中使用了过去进行时，后半分句中,arrive,应该使用过去时。,10,This cycle _(go)day after day:The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(,抵消,)for the outside temperatures.,(,全国卷,),goes,此处谓语动词陈说了一个客观真理。,33/51,动词时态和语态在短文改错中考查点,3,“,从,”,标准,1,从语篇和上下文整体把握时态；从时间状语上判断时态。,2,从连词前后看平行谓语动词差异。,3,从主谓关系上判断主动或被动关系。,规律方法,34/51,真题验证,2,1,When summer came,they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables,！,(,全国卷,),_,came,comes,本文整体用普通现在时，描述现实状况。此处主句是普通未来时，,when,引导时间状语从句用普通现在时表示未来，且从句主语为第三人称单数，故应用,comes,。,2,Before getting into the car,I thought I had learned the instructor,s orders,but once I started the car,my mind goes blank.,(,全国卷,),_,goes,went,此处讲述是发生在过去事情，所以用普通过去时。,35/51,had,have,依据时间状语,in the past few years,可知，本句应用现在完成时。,3.I had grown not only physically,but also mentally in the past few years.,(,全国卷,),_,4.About one month after this photo was took,I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club.,(,全国卷,),_,took,taken,由句子结构可知，应该使用普通过去时被动语态，故应用过去分词,taken,。,36/51,5.About one month after this photo was taken,I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.,(,全国卷,),_,become,became,此句中,enter,和,become,是并列谓语，应用普通过去时。,6,However,my parents didn,t seem to think so.They always tell me what to do and how to do it.,(,全国卷,),_,tell,told,由前句中时态,“,didn,t seem,”,，可知，后句中谓语动词应用过去时。,37/51,7,A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.,(,全国卷,),_,telling,told,由并列连词,and可知，,telling,应该和前面,saw,为平行谓语动词，故用,told,。,8,Tony was scared and begun to cry.,(,全国卷,),_,begun,began,由并列连词,and,可知，,begun,应该和前面,was scared,为平行谓语动词；且,begun,和主语,Tony,为主动关系，故用,began,。,9,Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.,(,全国卷,),_,去掉,been,依据语境可知，show,和主语,studies,为主动关系。,38/51,1,我希望他度过一个愉快生日。,(hope,have a happy birthday),_,2,我们快一点，火车,4,点,30,分开。,(leave),_,3,我在那个小学上过,6,年学。,(study,the primary school,for),_,第三课时写作增分课,时态、语态在写作中增分点,一、洞察,“,过去、现在和未来,”,写对句子,I hope that he has/will have a happy birthday.,Lets hurry.The train leaves at 4,：,30.,I studied in that primary school for six years.,39/51,4,我不知道你已经出国了。,(go abroad),_,5,假如你想上重点大学，你英语必须很优异。,(be to,a key college,excellent),_,6,像我们班主任这么人理应受到尊重。,(such.as,headteacher,be to,respect),_,I didnt know you had gone abroad.,If you are to go to a key college,your English must be excellent.,Such people as our headteacher are to be respected.,40/51,二、知晓,“,何时完成,”,推敲句子,1,我表弟已经回家了。他是上星期回家。他已经走了一个星期了。他在这里呆了一个月。,(cousin,go back home,stay),_,_,2,他,年搬到这里，自那之后他一直住在这里。,(move,live,ever since),_,3,过去几年中国发展得很快。,(develop rapidly,past few years),_,My cousin has gone back home.He went home last week.He has been away for a week.,He stayed here for a month.,He moved here in and he has lived here ever since.,China has developed rapidly in the past few years.,41/51,4,他感冒已经快一个星期了，他是上周一得感冒。,(have a cold,catch a cold),_,5,上星期他没去青岛旅游，因为他以前曾经去过。,(visit Qingdao),_,6,到下周末为止，我离开家将有两个月了。,(be away from,by the end of),_,He has had a cold for almost a week.He caught the cold last Monday.,He didnt visit Qingdao last week,because he had been there before.,By the end of next week,I will have been away from home for two months.,42/51,三、善辨,“,何时进行,”,优化句子,1,我没有听懂我们老师说什么，因为我刚才在考虑别事情。,(catch,，,think about,，,something else),_,2你无须买那么贵手机。科技发展很快，即使最新型号也会很快就过时。,(expensive,cell phone,technology,develop rapidly,the newest model,out of date),_,_,I didnt catch what our teacher said,because I was thinking about something else.,You neednt buy that expensive a cell phone.As technology is developing very rapidly,even the newest model will be out of date soon.,43/51,3,既然你总是玩电子游戏，你怎能赶上他人呢？,(how can,when,always,play video games),_,4,明天这个时候我们就会在一起高兴地交谈。我急不可待地想见到你。,(talk together happily,can,t wait to),_,5,当他从昏迷中醒来之后，他意识到他已在那里躺了很长时间。,(come to,realize,lie),_,How can you catch up with others when you are always playing video games?,Well be talking together happily at this time tomorrow and I cant wait to see you.,When he came to,he realized he had been lying there for a long time.,44/51,四、巧用,“,主将从现,”,写美句子,1,只要你不告诉他人，我就告诉你真相。,(tell the truth,as long as,keep it to yourself),_,2,一旦你到那里，请给我打个电话。,(once,give sb a call),_,3,等到你下次来，我们新房子将会盖好。你就能够和我们一起住了。,(new house,complete,by the time,stay),_,_,I will tell you the truth as long as you keep it to yourself.,Once you get there,please give me a call.,Our new house will have been completed by the time you come next time.Then you,can stay with us.,45/51,4,即使明天下雨，我们也不会改变计划。,(change our plan,even if),_,5,抓到这个被通缉人或者提供有价值线索人将得到一大笔钱。,(anyone who,the wanted man,provide useful information,award,a large sum of money),_,_,6,你越努力，你进步就越大。,(the harder,the greater progress),_,We wont change our plan even if it rains tomorrow.,Anyone who catches the wanted man or provides useful information will be awarded,a large sum of money.,The harder you work,the greater progress you will make.,46/51,五、熟用句型,“,亮,”,化句子,1,我正要离开这时我手机响了。,(be about to.when),_,2,我们正在上语文课，这时门开了，进来一个警察。,(have a Chinese class,when,in come),_,3,当他们来到时候，我作业刚完成，正要去购物。,(finish,go shopping,when),_,I was about to leave when my mobile phone rang.,We were having a Chinese class when the door opened and in came a policeman.,I had just finished my homework and was about to go shopping when they arrived.,47/51,4,这是我第一次到上海，我感到一切都是那么神奇。,(the first time,amazing),_,5,那是我第一次见到外国人。我感到很兴奋，就走上前往向他说了声,“hello”,。,(the first time,see,foreigner,excited,go up,say“hello”to),_,_,This is the first time that I have been in Shanghai and I feel everything is so amazing.,That was the first time that I had seen a foreigner.Feeling very excited,I went up and said,“hello”to him.,48/51,六、多用被动,“,洋,”,化句子,1,我们天天都清扫教室。天天都给这些花浇水。,(clean,water),_,2,据报道，