初三阅读理解解题技巧.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,2014,中考英语专项复习,-,阅读理解解题技巧点拨,The Skills,of reading comprehension,教学内容,3,、阅读理解解题技巧,强化训练,2,、阅读理解题解题技巧,分类导练,1,、近三年阅读材料的命题特点,中考阅读理解题命题特点：,A,篇阅读：,比较实用的文章，一般是,_,A:,表格,B:,图表,C:,配有图片的短文,ABC,中考阅读理解题命题特点：,B,篇阅读：,涉及文章的,_,A:,标题,(title),B:,主题,(main idea),C:,猜测词义,(,words guessing),D:,结论,(conclusion),E:,结局,(end),ABCDE,推理判断题,猜测词义题,中考阅读理解四种类型,细节理解题,主旨大意题,分类导练：,词义猜测题,(group 1),主旨大意题,(,group 2,),推理判断题,(,group 3,),细节理解题,(group 4),分类导练：,词义猜测题,(group 1),It is good news that on the international market.Barbie is still No.1.Although Mattel is selling fewer,Barbies,in the United States three years,sales in other countries are still going up,in January 2009,Mattel opened its store in Shanghai,where girls can shop,eat,drink or even become,fashion designers,for their own,Barbies,.,(2012,年省中考阅读理解,B),64.Whats the meaning of the underlined words“fashion designers”in the passage?,A.,珠宝设计师,B.,发型设计师,C.,舞台设计师,D.,服装设计师,【,点拨,】,根据前后的语句,where girls can shop,eat,drink or even become for their own,Barbies,.,可以推知答案为,D,。,Then look at the,labels,that are inside the new clothes.They tell you how to take care of the clothes.The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water.A sweater label may tell you to wash it in cold water.The label on a coat may say“dry clean only”and cleaning in water may ruin(,损坏,)this coat.,(2010,年省中考阅读理解,B),63.What does the underlined word“label”mean?,A.,品牌,B.,标签,C.,价格,D.,尺寸,【,点拨,】,联系下文，在新衣服里面，告诉你怎样保养衣服、洗涤等，可知,A,、,C,、,D,不可以告诉这些，故答案,B,正确。,词义猜测题解题技巧：,根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生必须,掌握的一项重要阅读技能。解答这类试题,最重要的方法是理解含生词部分的,_,（也就是常说的语境）来推测其意思。,summary,题干中常含有：,(1)The word“”in the passage probably means_.,(2),Whats the meaning of the underlined words“”in the passage?,(3),What does the underlined word“”mean?,上下文,分类导练：,主旨大意题,(group 2),60.From the passage above,we can know _.,A.LCF is a language and science school in Canada.,B.LCF has language clubs and music&gym clubs.C.LCF music&gym clubs can be found just online.,D.LCF provides excellent training,teachers and doctors.,【2011,年省中考阅读理解,A】,【,点拨,】,主旨理解题。该文段是,LCF,俱乐部的招生广告,不难看出全文的主要内容，有语言、音乐、体育三个学 习俱乐部。故答案,B,正确。,原文开头（主题句）：,Welcome to LCF,Language Clubs and Music&Gym Clubs,65.Which is the best title of the passage?,A.Ways of Eye Care,B.Ways of Eye Exercises,C.Ways of Being Happy,D.Ways of Being Healthy,【,点拨,】,主旨理解题。文章最后一段的第一句表明了本文的主题句。故答案,A,正确。,原文最后一段：,All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes,.Being happy all the time can be helpful to a persons eyesight,too.In a world,eye care is very important,no matter how old a person is.,主旨大意题解题技巧：,掌握文章主旨大意，关键是找到,_,。,主题句的位置：主题句通常在,_,、,_,或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有，需要归纳。,summary,常见设问方式：,(1)Which is the best title of the passage?,(2)Which of the following is this passage about?,(3)This passage mainly talks about_.,主题句,文首,文末,分类导练：,推理判断题,（,group 3,）,57.From the advertisement,we can see that East Bus is a kind of _.,A.tourist bus B.village bus,C.airport bus D.school bus,【,点拨,】,根据这段文字，我们可以推断：东巴,可能是你参观北京著名的名胜古迹的最好的选择。因此，答案应为,A,。,常识推理判断,East Bus-maybe the best choice on your visit to the famous places of interest in Beijing.,(2012,年省中考阅读理解,A),Secondly,a news story has to be interesting and unusual.People dont want to read stories about everyday life.As a result,many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be“bad”news.,According to the passage,which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?,A.You often play football with your,friends after school.,B.Your teacher has got a cold.,C.A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasnt been caught.,D.The bike in front of your house is lost.,【点拨,】,根据这段文字，我们可以推断：电视报道的新闻故事必须是有趣的和不平常的。因此，答案应为,C,。,推理判断题解题技巧：,解答这类题的一般步骤：,定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。,字面理解：理解相关信息点的,_.,深层理解：结合,_,，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。,summary,字面意义,语境和常识,分类导练：,细节理解题,(group 4),East Bus-maybe the best choice on your visit to the famous places of interest in Beijing.,Sit back,relax and see all there is to see,with no need to worry about driving,finding a parking place or leaving your car with no one to watch it.,(2012,年省中考阅读理解,A),【,点拨,】,此题属于典型的细节理解题，先看问题，不难看出,D,选项和文章第二段第一句的内容相符。,56.When they visit the places of interest on an East Bus,the visitor _,A.need to watch their cars,Bhave to worry about the driving,C.have to find places to park their car,D.can sit back and relax themselves,Autumn Fashion Show,Golden Shopping Center,Sunday at 3:00 p.m.,Mens and womens autumn clothes.See 25,handsome and pretty models show the latest,fashions.All clothing will be on sale after theshow for under,￥,100.,(2010,年广东中考,),59.Mr.Lee wants to take two skirts for her wife after the fashion show.He needs to pay_.,A.more than 200,yuan,B.at least 300,yuan,C.less than 200,yuan,D.nothing at all,【,解析,】,答案为,C,。,根据文章细节内容，计算公式为：,1002=200,。由于所有衣服都是每件少于,100,元，所有两件共花费少于,200,元,计算题,解题技巧与策略,第一步：略读题干,(Skimming),首先，快速浏览每道试题的,_,与选项。,第二步：,_(Scanning),浏览了题干与选项之后，要,带着“问题”,通读全文,。,第三步：研读攻关,(Close-reading),注意对信息进行,综合分析,，,分清主次、真伪,，避免受信息的干扰，学会“,排除,”干扰项。,题干,(,即问题,),通读全文,1,According to,the passage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)_?,2,Whichofthefollowingis(NOT)true according to the passage?,3,Which of the following is,(not)mentioned in,the text,?,常见设题方式：,细节理解题：,在阅读理解题中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。,针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同,。,干扰项：正确答案细节与非正确答案的细节混杂。,I will always remember my mothers last few days in this world.,On February 14th,2000,my class went on a field trip to the beach,I had so much fun.When we returned to school,my teacher told me to go to the headmasters office.When I got into the office,I saw a police officer.Suddenly I realized something was wrong.The police officer told me what had happened and we went to pick my sister up.After that,we went to the hospital and waited.Time went slowly.Finally,we got to see our mother.It was terrible.,Reading material,1.,Where,was the writer when she learned her mother was very ill?,A.On the beach.,B.At the hospital.,C.At school,D.At home.,地点,干扰项,根据短文的第,2,段句子,When we returned to school,，,my teacher told me to,可知，当我回到学校以后，才得知母亲生病的消息，即当作者得知母亲病重时，当时,she is at school,（在学校）。,2.,Who,brought the writer the bad news that her mother was ill?,A.Her sister.,B.The headmaster.,C.Her teacher.,D.The police officer.,人物,根据第,2,段的句子,The police officer told me what had happened and,可知，老师叫我去校长办公室，但真正告诉我发生了什么事的是,the police officer.,故答案选,D.,干扰项,Do you know any people like these?They are part of a new addiction(,瘾,)called Internet addiction.Internet addicts spend at least thirty to fifty hours online every week.The use of the Internet can be an addiction like drug(,毒品,)use.People lose control of the time they spend on the Internet.,Reading material,4,1.,How,does the writer describe the addicts use of Internet?,A.It is something like keeping drugs.,B.It is a way of producing drugs.,C.It is like taking drugs.,D.It is terrible to imagine.,方式,The use of the Internet can be an addiction,like drug(,毒品,)use,原文,细节分析,A bed designed to help people survive(,幸存,)in an earthquake has got a national patent(,专利,).The bed can be used for normal sleep.“If an earthquake happens,the bed will become a strong box that can hold people,”said its inventor Wang,Wenxi,.,Reading material,5,1.,Whats,the invention mentioned in the passage?,A.A bed,B.A room,C.A machine,D.A chair,事件,解析：根据文段中的第一个句子,A bed designed to help people survive,可知，故答案,A,正确。,2.,Why,did Wang,Wenxi,invent such a thing?,A.Because few people know his inventions.,B.Because his inventions are not useful enough.,C.Because he wanted to protect people in earthquakes.,D.Because he wanted to understand natural disasters better.,原因,解析：根据文段中的第一个句子,“,If an earthquake happens,the bed will become,可知，故答案,C,正确。,细节理解题考查的六大信息,细节理解题题干常用,_,、,_,、,_,、,_,、,_,、,和,_,等提问或要求用此类信息,补全句子，考查对应的六大信息内容，,即：,时间、地点、人物、原因、事件和方式,。,summary,when,where,who,why,what,how,中考阅读设题规律：,考纲要求,考纲落实情况,2012,年,1,2,3,4,(65,题,),(56,、,58,、,59,、,60,、,61,、,63,题,),(64,题,),(57,、,62,题,),理解主旨和要义,（主旨大意题,）,理解文中具体信息,（细节理解题）,根据上下文,猜测词义,推理判断题,2012,广东中考阅读理解,A,篇,OUR BUSES CAN MAKE YOUR HOLIDAYS,East Bus-maybe the best choice on your visit to the famous places of interest in Beijing.,Sit back,relax and see all there is to see,with no need to worry about driving,finding a parking place or leaving your car with no one to watch it.,We have lots of buses taking you to visit,Tananmen,Square,the Forbidden City,the Summer Palace,the Temple of Heaven Park,the Olympic Center and the Great Wall.The whole tour will take you there three days.,Chinese&English speaking guides.,Booking by photo four days advance(,预先,).,Tour price:,￥,580.00 per person(half price for children under 1.2m tall),including the ticket price,breakfast and lunch.,For more information,please phone,Yongan,Tourism Company at 010-23368688/23368689.,Add:356,Chaoyang,Road,Beijing.,Open 7 days a week.8:00-16:00,【,语篇解读,】,本文为一则东部巴士的广告。广告内容包括旅游的景点、导游的语言、订票的方式和票价等。,2012,年广东中考题阅读,A,篇,56.,D,根据第二段的第一句“,Sit back,relax and see all there is to see?,可知选,D,。,57.,A,根据文章第一段的第一句“,East Busmaybe the best choice on your visit to the famous places of interest in Beijing.,可知是旅游观光巴士，故选,A,。,58.,A,根据文中的“,Chinese&English speaking guides”,可知导游会说两种语言。故选,A,。,2012,年广东中考题阅读,A,篇 （解析）,59.,B,根据文章中的“,Tour price”,内容可知，成年人为每人,580,元，,1.2,米以下的孩子半票，为,290,元，故选,B,。,60.,C,根据文章中的“,Booking by phone four days in advance.”,可知也可以电话预定，而不是必须亲自去买，故选,C,。,2012,年广东中考题阅读,A,篇 （解析）,Practice makes perfect!,May you succeed in your studies!,Thank you!,阅读理解解题方法,:,1.,先看文章,再看试题,.,2.,先看试题,然后带着问题再看文章,.(,常用方法,),阅读理解解题步骤,:,1.,扫读,:,即快速阅读,通览全文,.,发现关键句,(,特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句,.,2.,细读,:,集中精力研读课文,分清文章体裁,把握文章中心和主要内容,进而掌握文章细节信息,(,五个,W,who,what,when,where,why),3.,查读,:,认真检查,尽量减少答题错误,.,