人教版高中英语配套：选修9-unit-2-period.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,课 前 自 主 学 习,课 堂 互 动 探 究,话 题 美 文 欣 赏,Unit 2,Sailing the oceans,1,voyage,n,航海；航行；乘船旅游,v,.,航海；航行；航空,Packing should be suitable for sea voyage.,包,装要适合于海运。,The voyage from America to France used to take two months.,过去从美国到法国的航行要花两个月的时间。,The brave young man voyaged singlehanded in his yacht for months.,这个勇敢的年轻人独自乘游艇航行数月。,a long voyage,长途航行,go on a voyage,航海,set out on a voyage,出发航行,in the course of voyage,在航行中,make/take a voyage to,航行到,on the voyage out,(,home,),在出,(,归,),航途中,【,归纳拓展,】,【,比较网站,】voyage,/journey/,travel,/trip/,tour,这些词都可表示从一处到另一处的,“,旅行,”,。,(1)voyage,“,航程,”,。主要是在水上旅行，亦可指航天飞行。,Did you get seasick during the voyage?,你航程中晕船了没有？,(2)journey,适用范围很广，侧重指时间较长，距离较远的单程陆上旅行，也指水上或空中的旅行。,It is about 2 hours journey by plane from Beijing to Nanjing.,乘飞机从北京到南京大约,2,个小时的路程。,(3)travel,作为名词，表示,“,旅行,”,这一总的概念，一般指到国外或远方的旅行，不着重强调某一个目的地，有到各地,“,游历,”,的意思。作为动词，,travel,可用于借喻，表示,“,移动；行走,”,。,Did you enjoy your travels in Europe?,你的欧洲之旅如何？,News travels quickly these days.,这些日子，消息传得很快。,(4)trip,依照严格用法，应该是,“,短距离的旅行,”,，但在日常用语中，也可与,journey,互换。,We are planning to make a trip to the Great Wall.,我们计划到长城做一次旅行。,2,nowhere,(1),n.,无处，不存在的地方,The poor old man has nowhere to live.,这,个可怜的老人无处可住。,There is nowhere to sit in the crowded room.,房间里人很挤，无处可坐。,He is nowhere to be seen.,任何地方都见不着他。,(2),adv.,什么地方也没有；无处,(,否定副词，放在句首句子应采用倒装语序,),Nowhere are his swimming trunks to be found.,哪,里也找不到他的游泳裤。,Nowhere is the book to be bought.,到处都买不到这本书。,nowhere near,离,很远；远没有；根本不；绝没有；绝不会,(,口语,),It is nowhere near finished.,要完成它还早得很。,Its nowhere near so good.,远远没有这么好。,英语中否定意义的副词放于句首时，一般采用部分倒装形式，如：,not until,，,not only,，,not,，,never,，,neither,，,nor,，,hardly,，,seldom,，,little,等。,anywhere,ad,v,.,在任何地方,(,用于否定句和疑问句,),somewhere,ad,v,.,在某个地方,everywhere,ad,v,.,在任何地方,(,用于肯定句,),elsewhere,ad,v,.,在别处；到别处,get nowhere,(,使,),无进展；,(,使,),一事无成,【,归纳拓展,】,【,翻译句子,】,世,界上再也没有这么美丽的地方了。,_,他在姐姐的帮助下作业才有些进步。,_,我们喜欢的饭店已客满，所以我们只好到别处去。,_,答案,Nowhere else in the world can there be such a beautiful place.,He was getting nowhere with his homework until his sister helped him.,Our favourite restaurant was full,，,so we had to go elsewhere.,3,mercy,n,.,怜悯；宽恕；仁慈；恩惠,The prisoner pleaded for mercy.,那,个服刑犯请求宽恕。,The gunman showed no mercy.He killed innocent men and women.,那个持枪人没有人性，杀了无辜的男女。,People used to be at the mercy of the weather.,过去人们听天由命。,He is at the mercy of his wife completely.,他完全受他妻子支配。,at the mercy of,在,支配下；任凭,摆布,at the mercy of circumstances受环境支配,have mercy on/show mercy to,对,表示怜悯,without mercy,毫不留情地；残忍地,beg the mercy of.,请求得到,的宽恕,allow no mercy,不能同情,Its a mercy,(,that,),幸运的是，幸亏,(,用于表示更糟的情况得以避免，总算是幸运,),merciful,adj,.,仁慈的,merciless,adj,.,残酷的,【,归纳拓展,】,【,完成句子,】,Have_ _ _(,可,怜可怜他吧,),He is only a boy.,The enemy killed the communist_ _(,残忍地),答案,mercy on him,without mercy,4,overhead,adv,.,在头顶上；在空中；在高处,(,没有最高级和比较级，和,upward,相同,),adj,.,头上的；过顶的；高架的,A flock of geese flew overhead.,一,群天鹅从上空飞过。,The children are looking up at the stars overhead.,孩子们正抬头看着天上的星星。,The room needs overhead lighting.,这个房间需要顶灯。,an overhead cableway,高架索道,an overhead crane,高架起重机,overhead crossing,高架,(,立体、上跨,),交叉,overhead pipe,高架,(,架空,),管道,overhead view,俯视,ahead of,在前；向前；提前,【,归纳拓展,】,【,完成句子,】,The sun is the hottest when_ _ _(,在,头顶上,),That is an_ _(,高架铁道,),There were jets flying_(,在头顶上,),答案,it is overhead,overhead railway,overhead,5,indicate,vt,.,指出；标示；表明；暗示,I asked him where the new school was and he indicated the road ahead.,我问他新校在哪里，他指给我前面那条路。,The black clouds indicate that it will rain soon.,乌云表明很快就要下雨了。,(,1,),作,“,指出；指示,”,讲时，后面经常接名词。,(,2,),作,“,表明；象征,”,讲时，后面可以接名词或宾语从句，即,“,indicate,n,./,(,that,),.,”,。,(,3,),indication,n,.,暗示；表示；预兆,【,归纳拓展,】,The arrow indicates the way to the park.,那个箭头指示到公园的路。,Snow indicates the coming of winter.,雪象征着冬天的到来。,There is every indication of a change in the weather.,各种迹象表明天气很可能发生变化。,【,单项填空,】,Research_that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.,A,points B,says C,indicates D,means,解析,句意：研究表明男性比女性更易戒烟。,indicate,“,表明,”答案,C,6,accelerate,vi.&vt,.,加速；促进,He decided to accelerate his advertising.,他决定加速广告的宣传。,The growth of plants accelerated.,植物生长的速度加快了。,The Chinese government took measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth.,中国政府采取措施加快经济增长速度。,accelerate a car to a speed of 100 mph,把汽车加速到每小时一百英里,accelerated aging,加速老化,(,时效,),accelerated at a growing rate(,不断,),加速的,accelerated cement,快凝水泥,accelerating agent,催化剂,accelerating relay,加速,(,多极式,),继电器,accelerating well,补偿油井,acceleration,n,加速,accelerator,n,加速器；油门,【,归纳拓展,】,【,比较网站,】accelerate/hurry/speed,(1)accelerate,着重指频率或速率运转加快。,(2)hurry,指赶紧或匆忙地做某事或催促别人做某事，隐含草率或混乱意味。,(3)speed,侧重实际的快速行动。,【,完成句子,】,I_(,加,速,)to overtake the bus.,I bought a car_ _ _(,加速性能良好的,),Father gave me a lecture for_(,超速行驶,),He_(,匆忙地,)across the road,in front of a car.,答案,accelerated,with good acceleration,speeding,hurried,7,secure,(1),adj.,安全的；保险的；可靠的；确定的；无虑的,Dont climb that ladder,its not secure.,别爬上那个梯子，它不牢靠。,The children felt secure near their parents.,孩子在父母身边感到安全。,(2),vt.,使安全；保证；防护；固定,We must secure the doors and windows before we go out.,我们出去之前得把门窗关好。,This form of investment is an excellent way of securing your childrens financial future.,这样的投资形式是保证你的孩子将来金融前景的好方式。,be secure against,(,from,),没有,(,遭受,),的危险,be secure of,相当于,be sure of,对,有把握；确信,feel secure about,(,as to,),对,(,觉得,),放心,(,不要紧,),secure A against B,保护,A,不受,(,以免,),B,secure A from B,保护,A,不受,B,，从,B,得到,A,secure A to B,把,A,固定在,B,上,【,归纳拓展,】,【,完成句子,】,They are_(,确,信,)of victory.,The children were_ _(,不致受到,)harm.,答案,secure,secure against,8,reference,n,参考，查阅；证明书；介绍书；关于，有关,Keep this dictionary for reference.,留着这本词典以备查阅用。,When I was looking for a job,，,I asked my headteacher to give me a reference.,当我在找工作时，我向我的班主任要了一份关于我情况的证明。,(1),常用词组,have a reference to,和,有关,cross reference to,互相参考,make/give a reference to,提到,in/with reference to,关于,without reference to,不管，不顾,【,归纳拓展,】,(2)refer,v,提及；涉及；查阅,refer to,提到；参考；指,而言；转交；提交；涉及,refer to sb/sth as,称某人,/,某物为,(to,为介词，不可省略,),She made frequent references to her promotion.,她时常提到她的升迁。,When I said someone was stupid,，,I didnt refer to you.,当我说到有人很傻时，我并不是说你。,【,比较网站,】look up/refer to,二者都有,“,参考,”,、,“,查询,”,的意思，但搭配不同。,(1)look up,的宾语多为,word,information,等，不可以是,book,dictionary,sb,等。,(2)refer to,的意思比较广泛，当,“,查找,”,讲时，其宾语多为,book,dictionary,等。,【,完成句子,】,What I said is_ _ _ _(,仅,供你参考,),_ _ _ _/_(,查字典,)when you dont know how to pronounce a word.,The student_ _ _ _ _ _(,在我上封信中提到的,)went to university.,答案,only for your reference,Refer to a dictionary/Look it up in a dictionary,referred to in my last letter,1,work out,解决；计算出；设计出，制订出；结果；锻炼,I wonder how their ideas worked out in practice.,我,很想知道他们的想法在实践中取得了什么结果。,Ive drawn up the main outlines,and well work out the details later.,我已经把主要提纲拟好了，稍后我们再把细节定出来。,【,温馨提示,】,work out,表示“结果”时，其后用副词修饰；,turn out,后则接名词或形容词。,work at,从事,work as,以,身份工作,work for,为,工作；受雇于,work on,从事；继续,work against,努力反对,at work,在工作,in work,在工作，有工作,out of work,失业,【,归纳拓展,】,Sometimes the policies work against each other.,有时候，这些政策又会起互相抵消的作用。,He is working on a new novel.,他正在写一部新小说。,【,完成句子,】,Our plan_ _(,实,施,)very well in spite of a shaky beginning.,See if you can_this puzzle_(,解决,),Tom_ _(,作为,)a manager,for a design company last year.,答案,worked out,work,；,out,worked as,2,close to,靠近；在附近；接近,He lives close to the church.,他,住在教堂附近。,The villagers reported that the tiger was still lurking close to.,村民们报告说老虎还躲藏在附近。,Close to a hundred experiments have been made.,已经进行了近一百次的实验,。,come/get close,靠近,keep/stay close,呆在一起,close at hand/close together,近在咫尺,/,紧挨着,close by,不远；接近地,close up,关闭；堵塞；靠近,【,归纳拓展,】,【,比较网站,】close/closely,(1)close,作副词时，常修饰具体形容词或动词，意为,“,接近，靠近地,(,to),”,或,“,紧密地紧紧地,”,。,They live close to the museum.,他们住在靠近博物馆的地方。,Anna followed close behind.,安娜紧随在后。,(2)closely,修饰抽象形容词或动词，意为,“,接近地；紧密地；亲密地；严密地,”,。,They are closely related.,他们是近亲。,【,完成句子,】,She was_ _ _(,快,要掉泪了,),They live_ _(,很近,),I hate people standing_ _ _ _(,离我太近,),Good teaching and good testing are_ _(,密切相关,),答案,close to tears,close by,too close to me,closely related,3,compare.with.,把,与,相比,I compared the original with the translation.,我,拿原文和译文相对照。,He can not be compared with Shakespeare as a writer for tragedies.,作为一个悲剧作家，他无法和莎士比亚相比。,My handwriting cant be compared with my fathers.,我的书法不能与我父亲的相比,。,(1,),compare.to.,把,比作,Mans life is often compared to a candle.,人生常比作蜡烛。,Young people are usually compared to the sun at 8 or 9 in the morning.,青年人往往被比作早上八、九点钟的太阳。,(,2,),beyond/without/past compare,无与伦比,compare notes,对笔记；交换意见,comparison,n,.,比较，对比,comparative,adj,.,比较的；比较级的；相对的,comparatively,ad,v,.,比较地,comparatively speaking,比较来说,【,归纳拓展,】,【,比较网站,】compare/contrast,(1)compare,指对两者进行比较。两者间有相似之处，也有不同之处。,(2)contrast,只比较两者不同之处，其目的是显出或强调差异。,【,完成句子,】,Last December,，,car production went down 24 percent_ _(,相,比,)the corresponding period of 1972.,The teacher_ _ _(,比较和对比,)the two poems.,Books are often_ _(,比作,)friends,.,答案,compared with,compared and contrasted,compared to,1,We may well wonder how seamen explored the oceans before latitude and longitude made it possible to plot a ships position on a map.,我们很可能感到奇怪，在经纬度被用来在地图上标出船只位置之前，海员是如何对海洋进行探索的。,句,中,before,引导时间状语从句，意为“在,之前，还没有”。其中,made,后的,it,为形式宾语，真正宾语为动词不定式,to plot a ships position on a map,。,before,作连词时，可引导时间状语从句，用法如下：,(,1,),与情态动词,can/could,连用，意为,“,还未来得及,就,”,。,Before I could get in a word,，,he had measured me.,我还没来得及插话，他就为我量好了尺寸。,(,2,),才,We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.,我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。,【,归纳拓展,】,(,3,),不到,就,We hadn,t run a mile before he felt tired.,我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。,(,4,),hardly/scarcely.before.,一,就,We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.,我们刚到学校铃就响了。,(,5,),It,be,时间段,before,从句，要过多久才,用不了多久就,。,It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.,两周之后一切才恢复正常。,It wont be long before we meet again.,用不了多久我们就会再见面的。,【,单项填空,】,The girl had hardly rung the bell_the door was opened suddenly,and her friend rushed out to greet her.,A,before B,until C,as D,since,解析,句意：这个女孩刚一按门铃，门就突然开了，她的朋友冲出去迎接她。,before,在,之前，还没有,；,until,直到,才；,as,当,时候；,since,自从,以来。根据句意选,A,项。题干中,hardly.before.,实际上为一固定句式，意思是,“,刚,就,相当于,hardly.when.,。,答案,A,2,This seems to have been the first and most useful form of exploration which carried the minimum amount of risk.,这似乎已是最早的、最有用的探险方式，所冒的风险也是最小的。,seem,后,接不定式的完成时，表示该动作发生在,seem,之前。,He seems to have lost confidence in himself.,他似乎已失去了自信。,They dont seem to have grasped what I meant.,他们好像还没明白我的意思。,He seems to have studied abroad.,他好像在国外学习过。,to have done,为不定式的完成时，表示曾经发生的动作或事件。常见的不定式完成时的结构有：,be happy to have done,be pleased to have done,be sorry to have done,很遗憾做过,happen/seem/appear to have done,刚好,/,好像,/,似乎做过,consider sb to have done,认为某人做过,report/believe/suppose sb to have done,报道,/,相信,/,假定某人做过,【,归纳拓展,】,很高兴做过,【,单项填空,】,The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang,，,who was reported_the world record in the 110,meter hurdle race.,A,breaking B,having broken,C,to have broken D,to break,解析,sb/sth is reported to do sth,为常用的表达方式，,to do,不能用,doing,形式，,“,打破世界记录,”,是已经发生的事情故用不定式的完成时。,答案,C,AIDS is said_the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.,A,that it is B,to be,C,that it has been D,to have been,解析,句型,sb/sth is said,不定式，当不定式动作表示完成时，不定式需用完成形式，本题需用被动形式，因此选,D,。,答案,D,3,There was no secure method of measuring longitude until the 17th century when the British solved this theoretical problem.,直到十七世纪英国人解决了这个理论问题后，人们才有了测量经度的可靠方法。,(1),prep,.,直,到,为止,Ill stay here until 12 oclock.,我将在这里呆到十二点。,Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing energetically.,直到比赛的最后一分钟，我们仍然坚持奋战。,(2),conj,.,与终止性动词连用，主句中谓语动词须用否定形式，表示主句中的动作,“,到,才开始,”,。,The children wont come home until it is dark.,孩,子们直到天黑才回家。,He will not give you any answer until he thinks it over.,对此事考虑之后，他才会给你答复。,(3),conj,.,与延续性动词连用，主句中谓语动词用肯定形式，表示主句中的动作,“,延续到,”,。,We discussed the matter until he came back.,此,事我们一直讨论到他回来。,He kept on working until he was 70.,他一直工作到,70,岁。,(4)not until,的强调结构：,It is/was not until.,that,其余部分。,It is not until tomorrow that the meeting will be held.,直到明天会议才召开。,【,比较网站,】till/until,(1)till,多用于口语中。,(2)until,既可用在口语中，也可用在正式文体中；在句首时用,until,不用,till,。,(3),在以,not until,开头的句子中用部分倒装语序；在强调结构中一般用,until,。,【,完成句子,】,A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(,直,到他讲到故事结尾,),Not until midnight_ _ _ _(,才停止下雨,),It was not until he told me_ _ _ _ _(,我才知道此事,),答案,until he reaches the end of the story,did it stop raining,that I knew about it,