国际贸易实务导论.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,国际贸易实务,PRACTICE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE,经济与管理学院,国际贸易教研室,国际贸易学基本框架,国际,贸易,理论,国际,贸易,实务,国际,贸易,政策,货物进口合同,（,Purchase Contract,）,特别提示：,（,1,）斟酌后才勾画所适用的条款,附加条款应写清。,（,2,）应有专人负责交易的全过程及处理相关的事务。,（,3,）收、发的文件仔细斟酌和妥善保存。,（,4,）不要超越商检、索赔期限，以免丧失主张权利的时机。,（,5,）及时行使撤销权和不安抗辩权，并通知对方,合同编号,(Contract No.),：,签订日期,(Date),：,签订地点,(Signed at),：,买方：,The Buyer:,地址：,Address:,电话,(Tel):,传真,(Fax):,电子邮箱,(E-mail):,卖方：,The Seller:,地址：,Address:,电话,(Tel):,传真,(Fax):,电子邮箱,(E-mail):,买卖双方同意按照下列条款签订本合同：,The Seller and the Buyer agree to conclude this Contract subject to the terms and conditions stated below:,1.,货物名称、规格和质量（,Name,Specifications and Quality of Commodity,）：,2.,数量（,Quantity,）：,允许的溢短装（,%more or less allowed,）,3.,单价（,Unit Price,）：,4.,总值（,Total Amount,）：,5.,交货条件,(Terms of Delivery),：,FOB/CFR/CIF,6.,原产地国与制造商,(Country of Origin and Manufacturers),：,7.,包装及标准（,Packing,）：,货物应具有防潮、防锈蚀、防震并适合于远洋运输的包装，由于货物包装不良而造成的货物残损、灭失应由卖方负责。卖方应在每个包装箱上用不褪色的颜色标明尺码、包装箱号码、毛重、净重及“此端向上”、“防潮”、“小心轻放”等标记。,The packing of the goods shall be preventive from dampness,rust,moisture,erosion and shock,and shall be suitable for ocean transportation/multiple transportation.The Seller shall be liable for any damage and loss of the goods attributable to the inadequate or improper packing.The measurement,gross weight,net weight and the cautions such as Do not stack up side down,keep away from moisture,Handle with care shall be stenciled on the surface of each package with fadeless pigment,.,8.,唛头（,Shipping Marks,）：,9.,装运期限（,Time of Shipment,）：,10.,装运口岸（,Port of Loading,）：,11.,目的口岸（,Port of Destination,）：,12.,保险（,Insurance,）：,由按发票金额,110%,投保险和附加险。,Insurance shall be covered by the _for 110%of the invoice value against _Risks and _Additional Risks.,13.,付款条件（,Terms of Payment,）：,(1),信用证方式：买方应在装运期前,/,合同生效后日，开出以卖方为受益人的不可撤销的议付信用证，信用证在装船完毕后日内到期。,Letter of Credit:The Buyer shall in _days prior to the time of shipment/after this Contract comes into effect,open an irrevocable Letter of Credit in favor of the Seller.The Letter of Credit shall expire _days after the completion of loading of the shipment as stipulated2),付款交单：货物发运后，卖方出具以买方为付款人的付款跟单汇票，按即期付款交单（,D/P,）方式，通过卖方银行及银行向买方转交单证，换取货物。,Documents against payment:After shipment,the Seller shall draw a sight bill of exchange on the Buyer and deliver the documents through Sellers bank and _Bank to the Buyer against payment,i.e,D/P.The Buyer shall effect the payment immediately upon the first presentation of the,bill(s,)of exchange.,(3),承兑交单：货物发运后，卖方出具以买方为付款人的付款跟单汇票，付款期限为,_,后日，按即期承兑交单,(D/A,日,),方式，通过卖方银行及 银行，经买方承兑后，向买方转交单证，买方在汇票期限到期时支付货款。,Documents against Acceptance:After shipment,the Seller shall draw a sight bill of exchange,payable _days after the Buyers delivers the documents through Sellers bank and _Bank to the Buyer against,acceptance(D,/A _,days).The,Buyer shall make the payment on date of the bill of exchange.,(4),货到付款：买方在收到货物后天内将全部货款支付卖方（不适用于,FOB,、,CRF,、,CIF,术语）。,Cash on delivery(COD):The Buyer shall pay to the Seller total amount within _days after the receipt of the goods(This clause is not applied to the Terms of FOB,CFR,CIF).,14.,单据（,Documents Required,）：,卖方应将下列单据提交银行议付,/,托收：,The Seller shall present the following documents required to the bank for negotiation/collection:,(1),标明通知收货人,/,受货代理人的全套清洁的、已装船的、空白抬头、空白背书并注明运费已付,/,到付的海运,/,联运,/,陆运提单。,Full set of clean on board Ocean/Combined Transportation/Land Bills of Lading and blank endorsed marked freight prepaid/to collect;,(2),标有合同编号、信用证号（信用证支付条件下）及装运唛头的商业发票一式份；,Signed commercial invoice in _copies indicating Contract No.,L/C No.(Terms of L/C)and shipping marks;,(3),由出具的装箱或重量单一式份；,Packing list/weight memo in _copies issued by,；,(4),由出具的质量证明书一式份；,Certificate of Quality in _copies issued by,；,(5),由出具的数量证明书一式份；,Certificate of Quantity in _copies issued by,；,(6),保险单正本一式份,(CIF,交货条件,),；,Insurance policy/certificate in _copies(Terms of CIF),；,(7),签发的产地证一式份；,Certificate of Origin in _copies issued by,；,(8),装运通知,(Shipping advice):,卖方应在交运后,_,小时内以特快专递方式邮寄给买方上述第项单据副本一式一套。,The Seller shall,within _hours after shipment effected,send by courier each copy of the above-mentioned documents No.,.,15.,装运条款（,Terms of Shipment,）：,(1)FOB,交货方式,卖方应在合同规定的装运日期前,30,天，以方式通知买方合同号、品名、数量、金额、包装件、毛重尺码及装运港可装日期，以便买方安排租船,/,订舱。装运船只按期到达装运港后，如卖方不能按时装船，发生的空船费或滞期费由卖方负担。在货物越过船弦并脱离吊钩以前一切费用和风险由卖方负担。,The Seller shall,30 days before the shipment date specified in the Contract,advise the Buyer by _of the Contract No.,commodity,quantity,amount,packages,gross weight,measurement,and the date of shipment in order that the Buyer can charter a vessel/book shipping space.In the event of the Sellers failure to effect loading when the vessel arrives duly at the loading port,all expenses including dead freight and/or demurrage charges thus incurred shall be for the Sellers account.,2)CIF,或,CFR,交货方式,卖方须按时在装运期限内将货物由装运港装船至目的港。在,CFR,术语下，卖方应在装船前,2,天以方式通知买方合同号、品名、发票价值及开船日期，以便买方安排保险。,The Seller shall ship the goods duly within the shipping duration from the port of loading to the port of destination.Under CFR terms,the Seller shall advise the Buyer by _of the Contract No.,commodity,invoice value and the date of dispatch two days before the shipment for the Buyer to arrange insurance in time.,16.,装运通知（,Shipping Advice,）：,一俟装载完毕，卖方应在小时内以方式通知买方合同编号、品名、已发运数量、发票总金额、毛重、船名,/,车,/,机号及启程日期等。,The Seller shall,immediately upon the completion of the loading of the goods,advise the Buyer of the Contract No.,names of commodity,loading quantity,invoice values,gross weight,name of vessel and shipment date by _ within _hours.,17.,质量保证（,Quality Guarantee,）：,货物品质规格必须符合本合同及质量保证书之规定，品质保证期为货到目的港个月内。在保证期限内，因制造厂商在设计制造过程中的缺陷造成的货物损害应由卖方负责赔偿。,The Seller shall guarantee that the commodity must be in conformity with the quality,specifications and quantity specified in this Contract and Letter of Quality Guarantee.The guarantee period shall be _months after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination,and during the period the Seller shall be responsible for the damage due to the defects in designing and manufacturing of the manufacturer.,18.,检验（,Inspection,）（以下两项任选一项）：,（,1,）卖方须在装运前日委托检验机构对本合同之货物进行检验并出具检验证书，货到目的港后，由买方委托检验机构进行检验。,The Seller shall have the goods inspected by _days before the shipment and have the Inspection Certificate issued by_.The Buyer may have the goods,reinspected,by _ after the goods arrival at the destination.,(2),发货前，制造厂应对货物的质量、规格、性能和数量,/,重量作精密全面的检验，出具检验证明书，并说明检验的技术数据和结论。货到目的港后，买方将申请中国商品检验局,(,以下简称商检局,),对货物的规格和数量,/,重量进行检验，如发现货物残损或规格、数量与合同规定不符，除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外，买方得在货物到达目的港后日内凭商检局出具的检验证书向卖方索赔或拒收该货。在保证期内，如货物由于设计或制造上的缺陷而发生损坏或品质和性能与合同规定不符时，买方将委托中国商检局进行检验。,The manufacturers shall,before delivery,make a precise and comprehensive inspection of the goods with regard to its quality,specifications,performance and quantity/weight,and issue inspection certificates certifying the technical data and conclusion of the inspection.After arrival of the goods at the port of destination,the Buyer shall apply to China Commodity Inspection Bureau(hereinafter referred to as CCIB)for a further inspection as to the specifications and quantity/weight of the goods.If damages of the goods are found,or the specifications and/or quantity are not in conformity with the stipulations in this Contract,except when the responsibilities lies with Insurance Company or Shipping Company,the Buyer shall,within _days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination,claim against the Seller,or reject the goods according to the inspection certificate issued by CCIB.In case of damage of the goods incurred due to the design or manufacture defects and/or in case the quality and performance are not in conformity with the Contract,the Buyer shall,during the guarantee period,request CCIB to make a survey.,19.,索赔（,Claim,）：,买方凭其委托的检验机构出具的检验证明书向卖方提出索赔（包括换货），由此引起的全部费用应由卖方负担。若卖方收到上述索赔后,_,天未予答复，则认为卖方已接受买方索赔。,The buyer shall make a claim against the Seller(including replacement of the goods)by the further inspection certificate and all the expenses incurred thereafter shall be borne by the Seller.The claims mentioned above shall be regarded as being accepted if the Seller fail to reply within _days after the Seller received the Buyers claim.,20.,迟交货与罚款（,Late delivery and Penalty,）,:,除合同第,21,条不可抗力原因外，如卖方不能按合同规定的时间交货，买方应同意在卖方支付罚款的条件下延期交货。罚款可由议付银行在议付货款时扣除，罚款率按每天收,%,，不足天时以天计算。但罚款不得超过迟交货物总价的,_%,。如卖方延期交货超过合同规定天时，买方有权撤销合同，此时，卖方仍应不迟延地按上述规定向买方支付罚款。,买方有权对因此遭受的其它损失向卖方提出索赔。,Should the Seller fail to make delivery on time as stipulated in the Contract,with the exception of Force,Majeure,causes specified in Clause 21 of this Contract,the Buyer shall agree to postpone the delivery on the condition that the Seller agree to pay a penalty which shall be deducted by the paying bank from the payment under negotiation.The rate of penalty is charged at_%for every _days,odd days less than _days should be counted as _days.But the penalty,however,shall not exceed_%of the total value of the goods involved in the delayed delivery.In case the Seller fail to make delivery _days later than the time of shipment stipulated in the Contract,the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract and the Seller,in spite of the cancellation,shall nevertheless pay the aforesaid penalty to the Buyer without delay.,The buyer shall have the right to lodge a claim against the Seller for the losses sustained if any.,21.,不可抗力（,Force,Majeure,）：,凡在制造或装船运输过程中，因不可抗力致使卖方不能或推迟交货时，卖方不负责任。在发生上述情况时，卖方应立即通知买方，并在天内，给买方特快专递一份由政府主管当局签发的事故证明书。在此情况下，卖方仍有责任采取一切必要措施加快交货。如事故延续天以上，买方有权撤销合同。,The Seller shall not be responsible for the delay of shipment or non-delivery of the goods due to Force,Majeure,which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit.The Seller shall advise the Buyer immediately of the occurrence mentioned above and within_ days thereafter the Seller shall send a notice by courier to the Buyer for their acceptance of a certificate of the accident issued by the competent Government Authorities under whose jurisdiction the accident occurs as evidence thereof.Under such circumstances the Seller,however,are,still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods.In case the accident lasts for more than _days the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract.,22.,争议的解决,(Arbitration),：,凡因本合同引起的或与本合同有关的任何争议应协商解决。若协商不成，应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会，按照申请时该会当时施行的仲裁规则进行仲裁,仲裁地点在中国深圳。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方均有约束力。,Any dispute arising from or in connection with the Contract shall be settled through friendly negotiation.In case no settlement is reached,the dispute shall be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration,Commission(CIETAC,),for arbitration in accordance with its rules in effect at the time of applying for arbitration.The place of arbitration is in _,China.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.,23.,通知（,Notices):,所有通知用文写成，并按照如下地址用传真,/,快件送达给各方。如果地址有变更，一方应在变更后日内书面通知另一方。,All notice shall be written in _ and served to both parties by fax/courier according to the following addresses.If any changes of the addresses occur,one party shall inform the other party of the change of address within _days after the change.,24.,本合同使用的,FOB,、,CFR,、,CIF,术语系根据国际商会,国际贸易术语解释通则,。,The terms in the Contract are based on INCOTERMS 1990 of the International Chamber of Commerce.,25.,附加条款,(Additional clause),：,本合同上述条款与本附加条款抵触时，以本附加条款为准。,Conflicts between Contract clause here above and this additional clause,if any,it is subject to this additional clause.,26.,本合同用中英文两种文字写成，两种文字具有同等效力。本合同共份，自双方代表签字（盖章）之日起生效。,This Contract is executed in two counterparts each in Chinese and English,each of which shall deemed equally authentic.This Contract is in _copies,effective since being signed/sealed by both parties.,买方代表人（签字）：,Representative of the Buyer,(Authorized signature):,卖方代表人（签字）：,Representative of the Seller,(Authorized signature):,导 论,国际贸易实务是一门专门研究国际间商品交换的具体过程的学科，是一门具有涉外活动特点的实践性很强的综合性应用科学。它涉及,国际贸易理论与政策，国际贸易法律与惯例、国际金融、国际运输与保险等学科,的基本原则与基本知识的运用。,国际贸易实务的特点,单证票据和文件繁多、涉及到的单位广泛；,国际贸易涉及到不同的国家，于是各国的语言、商贸规定、进出口管理程序、关税制度和法律规定等等方面的差别是客观存在的；,各国的商业机构、金融机构、管理机构和经贸双方都要认同贸易过程中的各种单证。,国际贸易实务的主要内容,1.,商品的品名、品质、数量与包装,商品的品名、品质，商品的数量（商品的计量单位、计算重量的方法），商品的包装（运输包装和销售包装、中性包装和定牌包装、运输标志）；,2.,国际货物运输,运输方式（海洋、铁路、邮包、国际多式联运），装运条款（装运期、装运港和目的港、分批装运和转运），主要运输单据（海运提单、其他主要运输单据）；,3.,国际货物运输保险,海运货物保险（风险和损失、海运货物保险的险别、海运进出口货物保险的基本做法），其他运输方式下的货运保险。,4.,商品的价格,贸易术语（贸易术语的含义及其国际惯例、贸易术语的分类、对各种贸易术语的解释），价格的掌握（价格掌握的原则、计价货币的选择、作价方法），佣金和折扣；,5.,国际货款的收付,支付工具（汇票、本票和支票），支付方式（汇付、托收、信用证、银行保证函、国际保理、各种支付方式的选择和运用；,6.,商品检验、索赔、不可抗力与仲裁,商品检验（商检的重要性、商品检验条款的内容），索赔（异议与索赔条款、罚金条款），不可抗力（不可抗力条款的规定、援引不可抗力条款应注意事项），仲裁（仲裁协议的形式和作用、仲裁条款）；,7.,国际货物买卖合同的商订,交易磋商、合同的订立,8.,进出口合同的履行,9.,贸易方式,代理和包销、招标、投标和拍卖,1.,本课程任务,:,学习国与国之间有形商品即货物买卖的有关知识和,实际业务,.,国际贸易术语,b.,进出口业务合同条款,c.,进出口合同磋商,签定与履行,d.,国际贸易方式,贸易术语,价格核算,商务谈判,2.,学习本课程的目的,a.,熟悉订立和履行国际货物买卖合同的基本环节,;,b.,掌握各项交易条件和合同条款的规定方法,;,c.,了解有关国际惯例和法律规则,d.,学会在业务中运用国际贸易的基础知识和基本操作技能,3.,国际贸易的基本业务程序,与,客户建立业务联系,询盘、报盘、还盘和接受,签约与合同,履行,市场,产品,客户,信用证,备货,运输保险,制单,结汇,4.,国际商务环境,进口商,生产厂家,海关,商检局,外运,公司,保险公司,税务局,出口商,银行,参考书目,陈红蕾：,国际贸易实务,，暨南大学出版社，,2001,年版。,董瑾主编：,国际贸易理论与实务,，北京理工大学出版社，,2001,年版。,DOMINICK SALVATORE,：,INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS 5TH ED,，,清华大学出版社，,1997,年版。,