四级写作分题型讲评2.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,大学英语四级考试写作,分题型讲评2,II、社会热点话题写作逻辑结构,Paragraph 1:,(1)概括性的引出要评论的事物或观点 (general);,(2)具体描述这个事物或者观点(或者是我对这个现 象/事物的基本看法specific)。,Paragraph 2:,(1)作者对该现象/问题的基本看法，即文章的论点句;,(2)支持性的细节分论点(至少两点);,(3)本段总结(可以省略)。,Paragraph 3:(1)总结全文，定下结论(通常为我的对策或看法)。,四级作文试题2000年1月,Directions:,For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance my College Education.You should write at least 100 words,and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:,1.上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多多种途径解决。,2.哪种途径适合我(说明理由)。,How I Finance My College Education,第一段：首先，应该是用一种描述性的语言引出讨论的重点：,Nowadays/At present/Currently/These days/Today,tuitions and fees for college students are much higher than ever before.How to finance my college education has become a matter of concern.,第二段：有多种的方法，例如：1.向父母;2.银行贷款 3.打工挣钱,第二段主题句：,There are many ways to support my college education financially./Ways to support my university study financially vary greatly/are various.,第二段分写：,In the first place,I can get/gain/obtain all the money from my parents.,In the second place,I can apply for/ask for a bank loan,especially set up/established for college students/undergraduates.,Whats more,I can find a part time job to earn enough money.,第三段：我所赞同的方法(阐述原因，为何不选其他的方法)。,Personally/As far as Im concerned/In my opinion/From my point of view/To my way of thinking/As I see it,I prefer the bank loan for the following reasons.,For one thing,my parents are not rich enough to afford me.,For another,I will not have enough time and energy to study after finishing my part-time/temporary/odd jobs.,In addition,I believe I can hunt a rewarding/dream job after graduation,and then I will be able to pay off/pay back/return/give back.,Therefore/So/Hence,.,使文章富有表现力的手段：,1、使用有难度的词汇2、使用形容词修饰名词，用副词修饰动词或整 个句子;,3、使用被动语态;,4、使用倒装句;(not only.but also.;only.),5、尽可能地使用名词，而不是习惯中的动词和形容词。,绿化我们的城市,第一段：,近年来，随着工商业的迅猛发展，许多大城市中树木的数量大幅度降低。人们作出各种努力防止树木被砍伐，但是，认识到绿化城市也同样重要。,普通版,Recently,with the development of businesses and industries,more and more trees have disappeared in big cities.We have tried our best to prevent people from cutting trees.But,it is important to realize to make our cities green.,润色版,In contemporary society,while our industries and businesses have experienced a(n)rapid/fast/amazing/marked/fantastic development,the number of trees in many large cities has declined/decreased/reduced sharply/dramatically.Although remarkable efforts have been exerted to prevent more trees from being cut,the realization of making cities greener is still of great importance.,第二段：,绿化城市会带来很多好处。其一，绿化城市能够净化空气。科学研究已经证明树木通过吸收作用可以降低大气中碳化合物的含量。其二，它能够美化城市。到处是花草树木，我们会欣然地感到自己置身于美丽的花园中。最后，绿化城市能够带来大量木材，这是解决自然资源短缺的有效办法。,普通版,There are many advantages in making cities greener.First,it makes our air clean.Scientific research has proved that trees can reduce a great amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through absorption.Second,it adds to the beauty of our cities.With trees and flowers everywhere,there is a pleasant feeling that we live in a beautiful garden and are closer to nature.Finally,it will bring us a lot of timber.And this is an effective way to solve the problem of lack of natural resources.,润色版,What benefits can the program of making cities greener bring to us?First,the air will be cleaner.Scientific experiments have already proved that trees can reduce air pollution by producing a lot of oxygen.This will improve the quality of the urban environment.Second,our cities will look more beautiful.Just imagine the city which is full of trees and flowers.What an attractive garden it is!Whats more,by making cities greener,we can provide our industry with timber the precious natural resources.,第三段：,绿化城市需要全国人民共同努力，人们不仅要广泛认识到城市绿化对城市环境的贡献，还应该同心协力栽植更多的树木并保护它们不受商业使用的侵犯。,普通版,Making cities greener requires peoples efforts all over the country.And people should not only realize that it is important to make cities greener for its contribution to urban environment,but also plant trees and protect them from being used in business.,润色版,Making cities greener requires more than widespread awareness;it calls for an immediate commitment to planting more trees and growing more flowers.,(Making cities greener requires the whole nations efforts.And not only should most people gain the awareness of the significant contribution of making cities greener to urban environment,but also make a commitment to the protection of more trees against business.),句型变化,A.(1)We can imagine the beautiful surroundings.(2)There are many trees along the streets.(3)There is a clean river in the city.(4)There are many fishes in the river.(5)There are willow trees on the one side.(6)There are some pieces of grassland on the other side.(7)There are many flowers on them.,B.(1)Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we have made our cities greener.(2)Green trees line the streets.(3)A clean river winds through the city,in which a lot of fishes abound.(4)On the one side stand rows of willow trees.(5)On the other side lies a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers.,1.There be.,1)a.There are fewer and fewer citizens who like to see films.,b.Films are now losing their appeal for many citizens.,2)a.There are many people who complain of severe housing shortages.,b.Housing shortages become the source of great complaint.,2.If,1),a.If you compare the two methods carefully,you will find the difference.,b.Careful comparison of the two methods will show you the difference.,2),a.If we only apply book knowledge,we will not get good result.,b.The application of book knowledge alone will not bring you good result.,3),a.If there is no pollution,man can certainly survive.,bMan can certainly survive in the world where there is no pollution.,3.In order to,1),a.In order to prevent the problem becoming too serious to solve,we must take an immediate step.,b.An immediate step must be taken before the problem becomes too serious to solve.,2),a.In order to build a stable and prosperous nation,people should make new efforts.,b.New efforts should be taken before a stable and prosperous nation is built.,4.More and more,1)a.More and more people now prefer to stay at home and watch TV.,b.People in ever increasing numbers prefer to stay at home and watch TV.,2)a.More and more people who become more and more rich can afford a motorcycle.,b.A growing number of people who become increasingly rich can now afford a motorcycle.,3)a.More and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years.,b.Teenage smoking is on the rise/increase/decrease/decline in recent years.,4)a.More and more teachers are needed with the development of economy.,b.There is an increasing demand for teachers with the development of economy.,5)a.More and more trees have disappeared in the city.,b.There is a sharp decline in the number of trees in the city.,写作练习：Jobs for Graduates,1)大学生难找工作,2)原因很多,3)解决的办法,范文,第一段提出讨论话题,Nowadays,college graduates come to realize that it is not easy to get a rewarding job.Most/Many of them can not get a job right after graduation.,The job market for college students/graduates is getting tighter and tighter.According to a survey,only 80%of college graduates of the class of 2002 found jobs the year they graduated,compared with 95%in 2000.Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get jobs?,第二段细节论证,1、Among the most convincing/important reasons given/cited/offered/identified by people for this problem/phenomenon,one should be stressed/emphasized/mentioned.,2、One may regard/see/view/think of the trend/increase/phenomenon as a sign of/result of/response to/reaction to.,3、The increase/change/failure/success in.mainly/largely/partly results from/arises from/is due to/owing to/attributable to the fact that/several factors.,第三段给出解决方案,国家制定法律法规,To solve the problems mentioned above,rules and regulations should be made to,个人接受教育,It is essential for college graduates to work our a definite career plan for himself/herself and make relevant preparation for his/her job hunting.,