全国卷1专用16语法课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,语法专项提升,形容词,多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序,如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后。如：,a small wonderful gift,。,常用的顺序为：限定词,(these,，,those,，,.),数量形容词,(three),描绘性形容词,(beautiful),大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词,(large,，,long,，,high),新旧,(old),颜色,(red),国籍,(Chinese),材料,(wood),用途,(writing),被修饰的名词,(desk),为了方便记忆，不妨试试如下口诀：,限定描述大长高，形状年龄与新老；,颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。,记住以上规则是必要的，但还应多阅读，多体会，增强语感。,all these last few days,最近的这些日子,an expensive purple cotton dress,一件昂贵的紫色棉衣,the first beautiful little white Chinese wood bridge,第一座美丽的中国小白木桥,表语形容词,表语形容词,(,如：,afraid,，,alone,，,awakeasleep,，,alive,，,alike,，,ashamed,，,afloat,，,well,，,sorry,，,unable,，,worth,，,sure),并非只能作表语，它们还可以作补足语，有的还可作后置定语,(,一般不作前置定语,),。,To my surprise,，,the driver is still alive after the traffic accident.,令我吃惊的是，交通事故发生后，司机还活着。,The people,，,and the people alone,，,are the motive force in the making of world history.,人民，只有人民，才是创造世界历史的动力。,形容词作状语,形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动作的方式。,He returned home,，,safe and sound.,他安然无恙地回到了家。,He went to bed,，,cold and hungry.,他又冷又饿地去睡觉了。,Surprised and happy,，,he stood up and accepted the prize.,又吃惊又高兴，他站起来接受奖品。,can not/never,与,enough,或,too,连用表示：无论怎样都不过分；越,越好。,One can never be too careful in the street.,在大街上，你再小心也不为过。,You can not be careful enough/too careful to study.,在学习方面，你再细心也不过分。,副词,有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语,Fortunately,，,he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.,幸运的是，他没被淹死，被解放军救了。,Happily for her,，,her stepmother was kind to her.,使她高兴的是，她的继母对她很好。,Luckily,，,he was not hurt in the accident.,幸运的是，他在这次事故中没有受伤。,Obviously,，,your answer is absolutely wrong.,很显然，你的答案绝对错了。,Naturally,，,you will want to discuss this problem with your parents.,你自然想和你的父母商量一下此事。,熟记下列几句有关形容词、副词的固定搭配,He,s dead/blind drunk(,very drunk),他喝得酩酊大醉。,He,s wide awake.,他完全没有睡意。,It,s raining/snowing heavily雨,/,雪下得很大。,He,s sound/fast asleep.,他睡得很沉。,He,s moving/breathing/drinking/smoking heavily.,他吃力地移动,/,喘着粗气,/,酒喝得多,/,烟抽得多。,The traffic/His moustache is heavy.,交通拥挤,/,他的胡子浓密。,The population of China is larger than that of Japan.,中国人口比日本多。,The price of the book is high/low.,这本书的价格很高,/,低。,The book is expensive/cheap.,这本书很贵,/,便宜。,有些副词还可以作连词，但作副词时，常放在句末，如,though,，,(ever)since,，,in case,等,She promised to,phone.I,heard nothing,，,though.,Though she promised to phone,，,I heard nothing.,她答应要打电话来，可我没听到回信儿。,too much,，,much too,too much,所要表达的是,much(,多,),的意思；,much too,所要表达的是,too(,太,),的意思。,The teacher gave us too much homework today.,老师今天给我们留的作业太多了。,I am much too pleased to see you.,见到您，太高兴了。,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,表示倍数的三种句型,(1),.times as,原级,as.,He can run three times as fast as John.,(2),.times the size/length/width/height etc.,of.,This table is three times the size of that one.,(3),.times,比较级,than.,This table is three times bigger than that one.,同等程度的比较,用,as.,as,，,the same.as.,，,such.as,引导,He is a worker as good as Peter.(,He is as good a worker as Peter.),他和彼得一样是个好工人。,Linda is the same height as Jenny.,琳达和詹妮一样高。,Henry is such a good student as Peter.,亨利和彼得一样是个好学生。,使用比较级应注意的问题,(1),比较的范围,如果比较的范围不一样，表达方式也应不同。,China is larger than,any,_,other,_,country,_,in,_,Asia,.(,比较的范围一致,),China is larger than,any,_,country,_,in,_,Africa,(,比较的范围不一致,),(2),比较的对象要一致,相同的对象可以比较，不同的对象不能进行比较,The population of China is larger than,that,of any other country in the world.(,人口与人口相比，要用代词,that),(3),注意比较结构中的省略现象,由于日常交际的需要，在彼此都明白的情况下，比较对象往往省略,What do you think of the film?,I have never seen a better one.(,后边省略了,than this film),Tom,s composition,，,if not better(,后边省略了,than Jack,s),，,is at least as good as Jack,s.,(4),“,the,比较级,，,the,比较级,”,意为,“,越,就越,”,The more careful you are,，,the fewer mistakes you,ll make.,(5),“,the,比较级,of the two,名词,”,表示,“,两者中较,的那个,”,The taller of the two boys is my brother.,(6),比较级的修饰语：,much,，,even,，,far,，,rather,，,still,，,any,，,no,，,a bit,，,a little,，,a head,，,two,metres,，,a great deal,，,a lot,，,by far,等。,最高级的用法,(1),最高级是表示三者或三者以上中程度最高的比较方式，常用,“,the,最高级,”,的结构表示。这种句式一般常有比较范围的介词短语。,Zhang,Hua,is the tallest of the three.,He works(the)hardest in his class.,(2)most,前如没有定冠词,the,，就没有比较的意思，只是用来加强语气，有,“,很，非常,”,之意。,This is a most interesting story.,这是一个很有趣的故事。,(3),最高级可被序数词以及,much,，,by far,，,nearly,，,almost,，,by no means,，,not quite,，,not really,，,nothing like,等词语所修饰。,Of all the students,，,Jack,s oral English is almost the best.,在所有的学生中，杰克的英语口语几乎是最好的。,1,(2009,年全国卷,)How,much_she,looked without her glasses!,A,well,B,good,C,best D,better,【,解析,】,句意为：她不戴眼镜看起来好得多！此句为感叹句，,how,可修饰形容词和副词，但此题还考查,much,修饰比较级，故选,D,。,【,答案,】,D,2.(2009,年全国卷,)The children loved their day trip,，,and they enjoyed the horse ride,A.Most,B.more,C.Less,D.little,【,解析,】,句意为：孩子们喜欢今天的旅行，他们最喜欢骑马了。根据句意，孩子们喜欢这次旅行，排除,less,和,little;,这里没有比较的意义,所以排除,more,。,【,答案,】,A,3,(2009,年全国卷,)I,m sure that your letter will,get_attention.They,know you,re waiting for the reply.,A,continued B,immediate,C,careful D,general,【,解析,】,句意为：我肯定你的信会马上得到关注。他们知道你在等待回复immediate,立即的，即刻的。如：,I want an immediate reply.,我要求立即得到答复。本题：,They know you,re waiting for the reply.,提示我们选择,immediate,。,【,答案,】,B,4,(2009,年全国卷,)It,s high time you had your hair cut,；,it,s getting_.,A,too much long B,much too long,C,long too much D,too long much,【,解析,】,句意为：你该理发了，头发太长了。,much too long,太长了。,【,答案,】,B,5,(2009,年浙江卷,)In the good care of the nurses,，,the boy,is_recovering,from his heart operation.,A,quietly B,actually,C,practically D,gradually,【,解析,】,句意为：在护士的悉心照料下，这个男孩心脏手术后正在逐渐恢复。,【,答案,】,D,6,(2009,年四川卷,),I,wonder_you,ll,water this kind of flower.,Every other day.,A,how often B,how long,C,how soon D,how much,【,解析,】,句意为：,我想知道你多久浇一次这花。,每隔一天。,how often,每隔多久，用于表示频率；,how long,多长时间，一般指一段过去时间；,how soon,多久以后,(,一个时间点,),，一般用于将来时态；,how much,多少，用于表示花费多少金钱和时间。,【,答案,】,A,7,(2009,年四川卷,)My uncle,s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours,，,but it is,twice_expensive,.,A,As B,so,C,too D,very,【,解析,】,句意为：我叔叔在闹市区的房子比我们,(,不在闹市,),的房子要小得多，但是它的价格却是我们的房子价格的两倍。考生要从句子结构和意思上看出本句所省略了的部分内容，因此使用了表达倍数的,as.,as,.,的结构。,【,答案,】,A,8,(2009,年天津卷,)It was a nice house,，,but_too,small for a family of five.,A,rarely B,fairly,C,rather D,pretty,【,解析,】,句意为：那是一套很不错的房子，可是对一家五口来说有点太小了。,rather too,稍微，有点儿；,rarely,not often,，,seldom,不常，很少，频度副词；,fairly,相当地，适度地，表示程度的副词；,pretty,ad,v,.,相当，颇，还；,pretty certain,相当可靠,(,有把握,),；,pretty good,相当好。,【,答案,】,C,9,(2009,年上海卷,)The Great Wall,is_tourist,attraction that millions of people pour in every year.,A,so a,well,known,B,a so,well,known,C,such,well,known,a D,such a,well,known,【,解析,】,句意为：长城是如此著名的旅游胜地，以至于每年都有上百万人涌来。,such,a,形容词单数名词,that,从句，表示,“,如此,以至于,”,。,【,答案,】,D,10,(2009,年浙江卷,)The incomes of skilled workers went up._,，,unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.,A,Moreover B,Therefore,C,Meanwhile D,Otherwise,【,解析,】,句意为：有经验工人的工资在上涨，但同时没经验工人却看着他们的工资下降。根据句意是指有经验工人和非技术工人工资涨落的对比情况，,meanwhile,意为,“,同时,”,，故选,C,。,【,答案,】,C,1,(2010,届江苏盐城中学一测,)I,m not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never,had_today,.,A,as tiring a day as B,as a tiring day,C,tiring as a day as D,day as a tiring as,【,解析,】,考查比较结构。在同级比较的结构中，第一个,as,是副词，在本句中修饰,tiring,，因此选择,A,。,【,答案,】,A,2,(2010,届福建部分重点中学联考,)The situation of the global finance crisis,was_worse,than expected.,A,rather B,fairly,C,very D,any,【,解析,】,考查副词。本题中所使用的副词必须能够修饰形容词的比较级，,rather,与,any,符合条件，但是,any,用于否定句或疑问句中，因此选,rather,。,【,答案,】,A,3,(2010,届杭州学军中学月考,)Broadly speaking,，,I would agree with Shirley,，,though not_.,A,widely B,entirely,C,extremely D,eventually,【,解析,】,考查副词辨析。句意为：一般地说，我是赞同,Shirley,的，尽管我不完全同意她的观点。,widely,广泛地，普遍地；,entirely,完全地；,extremely,极端，非常；,eventually,最后，终于。,【,答案,】,B,4,(2010,届安徽两地联考,)I,go_to,the stadium when there,s a,game.But,usually I watch it on TV.,A,typically B,anxiously,C,frequently D,occasionally,【,解析,】,考查副词。句意为,“,有比赛时，我偶尔去体育馆观看，但我通常在电视上观看,”,。根据,“,But.,”,可知选,D,。,A,、,B,不符合语意，,C,项表示,“,经常,”,，与,“,But.,”,相悖。,【,答案,】,D,5,(2010,届浙江杭州高中月考,)To our surprise,，,we,got_people,to attend the meeting as we expected.,A,as twice B,twice many,C,twice many as D,twice as many,【,解析,】,考查倍数的表达法。其形式为：,A,谓语倍数,as,形容词或副词原级,as,B,。,【,答案,】,D,6,(2010,届成都市摸底测试,)Young drivers under 25 have the highest number of accidents while those over 50 have_.,A,the less B,the fewest,C,the least D,the fewer,【,解析,】,考查比较等级。句意为：,25,岁以下的年轻司机发生的交通事故最多，而那些,50,岁以上的司机发生的交通事故最少。,while,表示的是对比关系，根据,the highest,可知这里用,the fewest,。,least,的原形是,little,，用来修饰不可数名词，而此处的被修饰词是,accidents,，因此,C,项错误。,【,答案,】,B,7,(2010,届重庆巴蜀中学月考,),Now that you like the personal computer very much,，,isn,t it a good idea to get one?,Well,，,I,d like to but I can,t,afford_computer,at present.,A,that expensive a B,a such cheap,C,that an expensive D,so cheap,【,解析,】,根据所给语境可知说话人目前买不起一台如此昂贵的电脑，此处的,that,是副词，相当于,so,。,【,答案,】,A,8,(2010,届唐山摸底考试,)Since he was 67,，,it didn,t,seem_that,he would continue long in that position.,A,impossible B,necessary,C,particular D,likely,【,解析,】,考查形容词。句意为：他已经,67,岁了，看起来不可能在那个职位上待很长时间了。,A,、,B,选项用于,It,s impossible/important/necessary/unusual that.,句型，,that,从句常用,should,动词原形，而非,would,动词原形。,C,项不符合题意，故选,D,。,【,答案,】,D,9,(2010,届江西抚州一中期中测试,)It is said that,the_building,was designed by a famous Frenchman,，,who has thousands of excellent works all over the world.,A,red stone beautiful B,stone beautiful red,C,beautiful stone red D,beautiful red stone,【,解析,】,本题考查形容词排序。冠词、数词排最前，接下来是主观性的形容词，最靠近被修饰的名词是表客观性的形容词，如颜色、国籍和材料等。,【,答案,】,D,10,(2010,届东城第一学期检测,)After two,years,careful,study,，,we now have a _ better understanding of the cause of the problem.,A,very B,much,C,fairly D,quite,【,解析,】,考查比较级的修饰语。题干中的,better,一词为比较级，在四个备选项中，只有,much,可以修饰比较级，所以选,B,。,have a better understanding of.,对,有更好的了解。,【,答案,】,B,11,(2010,届西城抽样,)In some people,s opinions,，,the_powerful,the country becomes,，,the_pleasant,it is to live in.,A,most,；,fewer B,more,；,fewer,C,more,；,less D,most,；,less,【,解析,】,考查形容词的比较级。该句其实是,“,the,比较级，,the,比较级,”,结构。句意为：在一些人看来，国家变得越强大，住在里面越不舒服。,【,答案,】,C,12,(2009,年南昌调研,)It,s hard for him to play against,me.I,ve,got nothing to play for,，,but for him,，,he needs to win so_.,A,far B,well,C,little D,badly,【,解析,】,考查副词辨析。,so badly,相当于,very much,，表示程度，意思是,“,非常,”,，与,need,搭配表,“,急需,”,。,【,答案,】,D,