grammar(网).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,名词性从句,Noun Clauses,The first period,Grammar and usage,STEP 1 Fill in the blanks,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,His job,is important.,What he does,is important.,主语,This is,his job.,This is,what he does every day,.,表,语,Step 2 Presentation,I dont like,his job.,I dont like,what he does every day,.,宾,语,I dont know about,the man,Mr.White.,I dont know about,the fact that he is a teacher.,同,位,语,什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(,Noun Clauses）,名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任,主语、宾语、表语,、,同位语,等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,Step 4 consolidation,辨析句子,1.,That I can pay back the help people give me,makes me happy.,2,.,Whether hell be able to come,is not yet known.,3,.,Why they have not left yet,is not clear so far.,4.She believed,that he had not told her the truth,.,Step 4 consolidation,辨析句子,5.I wonder,if/whether thats a good idea,.,6.Polly didnt know,which way she should go.,7.Im interested in,who that tall man is.,8.There was a discussion about,whether Polly had found the blind man,.,Step 4 consolidation,辨析句子,9.My question is,whether Polly can find her way home.,10.The problem is,how Polly going to find us in the crowd.,11.The news,that he couldnt come,made us upset.,12.Whatever gave you the idea,that I can sing,?,Step 5,、引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：,1.,连接词：,2.,连接代词：,3.,连接副词：,名词性从句的引导词：,连接词：,that,、,if,、,whether,不作成分,无意义,2.,连接代词,：,who,、,whom,、,whose,、,what,、,which,3.,连接副词：,when,、,where,、,why,、,how,“是否”,作主,/,宾,/,表,作状语,Step 6,、,Homework,：,1.2.3.,名词性从句连接词的选用1）,that,和,what,的选用,？,that/what,1._,he wants is a book.,2._ he wants to go there is,obvious.,3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.,What,That,that,what,5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _,the teacher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.,what,what,that,名词性从句连接词的选用,（1）,that,和,what,的选用,that,和,what,都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，,what,除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而,that,在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,if,和,whether,的选用,？,if/whether,1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._we will hold a party in the,open air tomorrow depends on the,weather.,if/whether,Whether,3.Were worried about _ he,is safe.4.I dont know _ he is,well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is,well.,whether,whether/if,whether,6.The question is _ he,should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the,question _ the old man will,recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.,whether,whether,whether,if,和,whether,的选用,不能使用,if,的情况：,a.,主语从句,b.,表语从句,c.,同位语从句,e.,介词后的宾语从句,f.whether to do,做动词宾语不能用,if to do.,g.whether or not,连在一起引导宾语从句时不用,if.,其它连接代词和副词的连用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择,who、which、,when、where,、why、how,等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_,we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.,我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。,I dont know _broke the glass yesterday.,When,who,我不知道他长的什么样子。,I have no idea _ he looks like.,这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。,This is _ I left my glasses.,what,where,关于,that,引导的主语从句,特点：,无意义，不作任何句中成分，只起连接作用，,不可以,省略！,That,he is still alive,is unbelievable.,That,we shall be late,is certain.,三、关于引导词,that,有时候为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，或者是为了强调，常用,it,来做,形式主语,，把,that,引导的主语从句放到后面。,It is certain that,she will do well in her exam.,It is reported that,China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.,Its a pity that,we cant go,.,特点：无任何实际意义，也不作任何句子成分，只是起连接作用，,且,常常省略。,I think(that),English is easy to learn.,You said(that),you like your mother very much,.,关于,that,引导的宾语从句,在某些复合宾语的句式中，也常用,it,作形式宾语，把,that,引导的宾语从句放在后面。,Who will see to it that,everything will be ready before Mr.President comes?,特殊情况,that,在以下情况不省略,：,1.,Make,find,feel,consider,等这些词的后面用,it,作形式宾语时，,that,不省略。,I find it necessary,that,we should study English.,2.,及物动词后有两个宾语从句时，第二个,that,不可以,省略。,He said(that)he would go there the next day and,that,his family wouldnt go there.,3.与动词相隔离的宾语从句一般,不省略,that.,The teacher tells us,very often,that we should study hard.,4.that,引导的宾语从句放在句首时，为了表示强调,that,不可以,省略。,That,he has done such a thing I cant believe.,that,引导表语从句，用来表示某一事实，也能表示某人的观点，意见，要求和希望等。,The problem is that,her parents couldnt accept me.,关于,that,引导的表语从句,如果句子的主语是,suggestion,order,advice,等名词时，后面,that,引导的表语从句用,“(,should)+,动词原形”,。,His suggestion is that,we(should)finish the work at once.,Your advice is that,we(should)do the homework first.,特点：对前面的名词作进一步的说明，无实际意义，不作任何成分，,但不可以省略,。,The news,that our team won the first prize,excited all of us.,关于,that,引导的同位语从句,四、同位语从句和定语从句的区别,1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中,that,不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。,2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一,步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具,体内容。引导同位语从句的,that,在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只,起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省,略。,名词性从句考点归纳,一、名词性从句的语序,(1).名词性从句构成有两种,a.That+,陈述句,That light travels in straight lines is known to all.,b.,疑问词+句子的剩余成分,This is what we are looking for.,(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。,他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。,How was he successful is still a puzzle.()How he was successful is still a puzzle.(),F,T,你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？,Could you tell me where he lives?()Could you tell me where does he live?(),T,F,practice,1.-,I think it is going to be a big problem.,-Yes,it could be.,-I wonder _we can do about it.,A.if B.how C.what D.that,2._is no possibility _Bob can win the first prize in the match.,A.There;that B.It;what,C.There;whether D.It;whether,3.,A computer can only do _you have instructed it to do.,A.how B.after C.what D.when,4.Can you tell me _?,A.who is that gentleman,B.that gentleman is who,C.who that gentleman is,D.whom is that gentleman,5.,He didnt know which room_.,A.they lived B.they lived in,C.did they live D.did they live in,6.To get the job started,_I need is from here.,A.only what B.all what,C.all that D.only that,7.,In some countries _is called“equality”doesnt really mean equal rights for all people.,A.which B.what C.that D.one,8.Go and get your coat.Its _you left it.,A.there B.where,C.there where D.where there,9._,you dont like him is none of my business.,A.What B.who C.That D.Whether,10.The reason_I plan to go is _she will be disappointed _I dont.,A.why;because;when B.why;that;if,C.because;that;if D.why;that;whether,11.-_,can I do with a situation?,-Take_measure you consider best.,How;whichever B.What;whatever,C.How;whatever D.What;whichever,12._she said suggested that she hadnt decided _to go or not.,A.What;if B.That;whether,C.What;whether D.Whether;what,13.,He made a promise _anyone set him free he would make him very rich.,A.that B.if C.what D.that if,14._would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _there are all kinds of difficulties.,A.Who;somewhere B.Whoever;where,C.Whatever;anywhere D.Who;there,15.-,Can I sit in the front row?,-Yes.You can take _seat you like.,A.whatever B.what,C.whichever D.which,16.They lost their way in the forest and _made matters worse was _night began to fall.,A.what;that B.it;that,C.what;when D.which;what,17._,gone is gone._no use talking about it any more.,A.Thats;Its B.Whats;Its,C.Its;Thats D.Thats;thats,18.I didnt quite follow you.What was _you just said about the place?,A.where B.which,C.that D.how,19.,It was _my father worked _I work now.,A.where;that B.wherever;where,C.that;where D.that;that,20.It was only_I reread his poems recently _I began to appreciate their beauty.,A.that;when B.when;that,C.until;than D.when;than,I am not certain _ will win the championship.,A.who B.that C.which D.what,A,I doubt _he will be admitted to this university.,I dont doubt_he will be admitted to this university.(whether/that),whether,that,Bye!,