高考英语代词专题.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,代词,1/101,代 词,代词是代替名词一个词类。大多数代词含有名词和形容词功效。英语中代词，按其意义、特征及在句中作用分为：,人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、,相互代词、指示代词、,疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词,八种。,2/101,主格,宾格,形容词性物主代词,名词性物主代词,反身代词,I,me,my,mine,myself,we,you,you,he,she,it,they,3/101,主格,宾格,形容词性物主代词,名词性物主代词,反身代词,I,me,my,mine,myself,we,us,our,ours,ourselves,you,you,your,yours,yourself,you,you,your,yours,yourselves,he,him,his,his,himself,she,her,her,hers,herself,it,it,its,its,itself,they,them,their,theirs,themselves,4/101,熟读深思,大声朗诵，并仔细观察句,，思索人称代词使用方法；观察,句，思索物主代词使用方法；观察,到,句，思索反身代词使用方法：,1.,She,loves,him,.,她爱他。,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,5/101,2.The bag near the table is,his,.,桌子旁边那个包是他。,3.He is teaching,himself,English.,他在自学英语。,4.She lives by,herself,in the country.,她独自住在乡下。,6/101,5.The door,itself,is not strong enough.,这门本身就不牢靠。,6.You dont look,yourself,today.,今天你看起来不舒适。,7.This is,your,pen.,Mine,(=my pen)is in the drawer.,这是你钢笔,我在抽屉里。,7/101,人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格在句中作主语,(,如,She),宾格在句中作宾语,(,如,him),。,物主代词有形容词性和名词性两种,形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语,(,如,your);,名词性物主代词在句中可作主语,(,如,mine),、宾语和表语,(,如,his),等。,归纳总结,8/101,反身代词可作动词或介词,(by,for,等,),宾语,;,或者作主语或宾语,同位语,，起,加强语气,作用,译作“亲自,本人”。,注意,:,反身代词不能单独作主语。,9/101,用所给代词适当形式填空,1.This is not my pencil-box._(I)is in the bag.,2.Trees are planted in _(we)country every year,which makes our country more and more beautiful.,3.-Is that bike Miss Gaos?,-Yes,it is _(she).Beautiful,isnt it?,4.Help _(you)to some fruit,Jack.,5.-Who taught your brother to surf?,-Nobody.He learnt all by _(he).,6.Their English teacher is from America,but _(we)is from England.,7.Marys answer is different from _(I).,8.-My watch keeps good time.What about _(you)?,-Mine?Oh,two minutes slow.,9.Sam is my brother.Do you like to play with _(he)?,10.Did you enjoy _(you),Mary and Kate?,10/101,练习,I.,.,1.Mine 2.our 3.hers 4.yourself 5.himself,6.ours 7.mine 8.yours 9.him 10.yourselves,11/101,熟读深思,熟读以下句子,仔细体会划线代词使用方法，然后将这些代词分别填入“归纳总结”中空格里。,1.To reach an agreement,both,sides must make concession.,为达成协议,两方都必须做让步。,表示“二者”“多者”代词,12/101,2.If you run after two hares,you will catch,neither,.,假如两只野兔都赶,就哪一只也抓不着。,3.You can write on,either,side.,你随便写哪边。,13/101,4.He wants to invite,all,of his friends to his birthday party.,他要邀请全部朋友来参加他生日聚会。,5.A golden key can open,any,door.,一把金钥匙能打开全部门。,6.,None,of us could live without other people.,任何人都不可能离开他人而生活。,14/101,1.,完成以下表格,归纳总结,都,都不,任一,二者,both,_,_,多者,_,_,_,all,neither,none,either,any,15/101,2.,表示否定可说,not.either/any,但没有,either/any.not,说法。,3.,这两个词都可用于表示两个人或物。,Neither,表示否定意义意为“,(,二者中每一个,),都不”,;,而,either,则表示必定意义,意为“,(,二者中每一个,),都”。它们用作代词时,可单独使用,也可同介词,of,连用。用作形容词时,则可用于修饰后面单数名词。,16/101,4.none,既可指人，也可指物。它强调数量，意为“一点也不,一个也不”。惯用于回答,how much,和,how,？,many,引导问句。,none,还可与介词,of,连用。,no one,只能指人,(=nobody),不能接,of,短语,惯用于回答,who,引导问句。,17/101,5.both/all,与,not,连用表示部分否定,意为“并非,都”。,6.,在使用不定代词时，一要注意它们词性,(,因为它们还可用作形容词,);,二要注意它们所表示数量,;,三要注意它们是表示必定还是否定。,18/101,熟读深思,熟读以下句子,仔细体会划线代词使用方法,然后将这些代词分别填入“归纳总结”中空格。,1.There was a rainbow in the sky,and,another,in his heart.,天上有一道彩虹,他心里则有另一道彩虹。,表示“另外”代词,19/101,2.There is,another,way of dealing with the problem.,还有另一个方法来处理这个问题。,3.His ideas were often at variance with,others,.,他看法经常和他人不一致。,20/101,4.Cuckoos often left their eggs in,other,birds nests.,杜鹃经常把蛋生在别鸟窝里。,5.Some praise him,whereas,others,condemn him.,有些人赞扬他,而另一些人却训斥他。,6.Each wished,the other,to answer first.,每个人都希望对方先回答。,21/101,7.He is behindthe others,in ability.,他在能力上比他人差。,8.Where are,the other,students,？其它同学在哪里？,9.Where shall we be in,another ten,years,？再过十年我们会在哪儿？,22/101,单数,复数,泛指,another,_,特指,the other,_,说明,可作定语,不能作定语,1.,完成表格,归纳总结,the others,others,23/101,2.,有,the,是特指,无,the,是泛指,;,以,s,结尾不能作定语,不以,s,结尾可作定语。,3.,单独,other,只能作定语,(,如第,4,句,),。,24/101,4.,搭配：,some.others.,有些,有些,；,one.the other.,一个,(,特指二者中,),另一个,5.,特殊：,another,用于“,another,基数词,(few),复数名词”中,与“基数,(some),other/more,复数名词”相当。,25/101,练习,II.,用适当代词填空,1.The old man has two sons.One is a worker,_ is a teacher.,2.Students are usually interested in sports.Some like running;some like swimming;_ like ball games.,3.Lets go and have a drink.Weve got _ time before the train leaves.,4.We were all very tired,but _ of us would like to have a rest.,5._ of the twins are in our class.,6.Boys,dont touch the machines,or you may hurt _.,7.It is said there is going to be _ important in the CCTV news.,8.We couldnt buy anything because _ of the shops opened at that time.,9.They didnt learn _ new in this lesson.,10.-Why is _ easy for such a young girl to learn three foreign languages so well?,-Because Britain,Germany and France are all very near _ country.,26/101,练习,II.,1.the other 2.others 3.a little 4.none 5.Both 6.yourselves 7.something 8.none 9.anything 10.it;her,27/101,用one,ones,the one,that,those,it 填空,I have lost my umbrella;Im looking for _.,I have lost my umbrella;I think I must buy _.,The umbrella you bought is cheaper than _I bought.,The water in the cup is hotter than _in the pot.,There were a few young people and some older _ in the house.,Marys handwriting is far better than_ of Peter.,These pictures are more beautiful than _.,He is the teacher,_ who is loved by the students.,I found _hard to get on with her.,He has saved my life.Ill never forget _.,There were a few young people and some older _ in the house.,28/101,熟读深思,熟读以下句子,仔细体会划线代词使用方法,然后将这些代词分别填入“归纳总结”中空格里。,1.Dont take the notebook away.My wife is using,it,(=the notebook).,别把笔记本电脑拿走,我妻子在用。,替换词,it,，,that,，,one,，,those,29/101,2.Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than,that,the air)in the city.,我要搬到农村去,因为那里空气比城里空气要清新得多。,30/101,3.Weve been looking at houses but havent found,one,(=a house)we like yet.,我一直在看房子,但还没有找到一座我们喜欢房子。,4.Many will fail to find jobs or lose the,ones,(=the jobs)they have.,许多人将找不到工作,或者失去现有工作。,31/101,归纳总结,1.it,和,that,都替换“,the+,单数名词”,都是特指,都可替换可数和不可数名词但,_,指前面提到“同一”事物,而,_,是指前面提到“同类”事物。,2._,替换“,a,单数可数名词”,表示泛指,;,其复数形式,_,替换泛指复数名词。,it,that,one,ones,32/101,3._,是,one,特指，替换“,the+,单数可数名词”，相当于,that,；其复数形式,_,，替换“,the+,复数名词”,在口语中也可用,those,代替。当后面有,of,短语时，多用,that,或,those,；当有前置修饰语时，只能用,one(s),。,the ones,the one,33/101,熟读深思,观察并思索：,It,在以下句中意义和作用。,1.,It,is so noisy here.,这儿吵死了。,2.What time is,it,by your cell phone,？你手机是几点了？,it,使用方法,34/101,3.,It,seldom snows in Guangzhou.,广州极少下雪。,4.,It,s about one kilometer from here to the park.,从这儿到公园大约一公里。,5.This is my new pen.I bought,it,yesterday.,这是我新钢笔。我昨天买。,35/101,6.Whose exercise-book is that,？,It,s hers.,那是谁练习本,?是她。,7.What a beautiful baby!Is,it,a boy,？多漂亮孩子啊！它是男孩吗？,36/101,8.Who is the man over there,？,It,must be Jay.,那边那个人是谁？一定是杰伊。,9.,It,s no use talking to him.,和他说没有用。,37/101,10.,It,is important that we learn English well.,学好英语很主要。,11.I think,it,hard to win the game.,我认为要赢下这场比赛是极难。,12.,It,is you that she loves,not me.,她爱是你,而不是我。,38/101,1.,指环境情况、时间、天气、距离。,(,如,14),2.,代替前文提到过事物、前文指示代词,(that,，,this),。,(,如,56),归纳总结,39/101,3.,指动物、性别不详婴儿、猜测不确定人。,(,如,7,，,8),4.,作形式主语,(,如,9,，,10),、形式宾语,(,如,11),。,5.,组成强调结构。,(,如,12),40/101,代词是语法填空一个必考考点,1.Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk,but after some minutes _walked away and sat near me,looking annoyed.,代词与广东高考语法填空,因,but,后并列句中缺主语,应填代词,;,依据语境,不难推出走开坐到我附近应是他后面那些人,即,other people,，指人,是复数,作主语,应该填,they,。,they,41/101,2.I rose from my seat I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had an amazing conversation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.,Im glad I made a choice.It made _ of us feel good.,作,made,宾语,用代词,由上文“,We(I and the mentally man)had an amazing conversation”,可知,指作者和那个智障人“两个人”,故填,both,。,both,42/101,3.He asked his teacher,“Sir,the water was awful.Why did you pretend to like 38 _,？”,因及物动词,like(,喜欢,),后缺宾语,应填代词,;,指前面提到“水,(the water)”,用,it,。,4.After the student left,the teacher let _ student taste the water.,在给老师送水这个学生离开后,应是给他“另外一个”学生尝一尝,泛指若干个中“另一个”,用,another,。,it,another,43/101,5.She knew that this was a present which was bound to please _.,及物动词,please(,使,高兴,),后缺宾语,应填代词,;,由语境和常识可知,给父亲买礼品,应是使父亲高兴,故填宾格人称代词,him,。,him,44/101,6.Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult 3_was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.,动词,was,前面显然缺主语,应填代词,;,由句式结构可知,填,it,在宾语从句中作形式主语,真正主语是,to choose.,。,it,45/101,7.It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279)was very anxious to help _rice crop grow up quickly.He was thinking about _day and night.,前空在作宾语名词,rice crop,前,应该填冠词、形容词性物主代词或不定代词等限定词,;,由句意和常识可知,这个急性子人急于使他自己禾苗长得快,故填,his,。后空,介词,about,后缺宾语,应填代词,;,由句意或前后逻辑可知,应填,it,指代前文中,(how)to help his crop grow up quickly,。,his,it,46/101,8.I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _.,因,(that)I had caused,是定语从句,先行词是,trouble,代表先行词关系代词,that,在从句中作宾语,被省略了,;,由搭配,cause sb.trouble(=cause trouble for sb.,给某人造成麻烦,),可知,填宾语人称代词,her,指代,the old woman,。,her,47/101,9.I had noticed three hens running free in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table._villagers brought me goats cheese and honey.,与招待我们女主人相对,拿,goats cheese and honey,来给我应是“另外”一些村民,other,作定语。本题也可填,Some,表示“有些人”。,Other,48/101,1.Surprisingly,Susans beautiful hair reached below her knees and made _ almost an overcoat for her.,灵活利用,1.,指代前面,beautiful hair,作宾语。,itself,49/101,2.This man might have needed the umbrella for _later during the day but preferred to give it to me.,2.,反身代词作,for,宾语。,himself,50/101,3.The chair has lost one of _ legs.,3.,代,the chair,。,4.She likes running,which keeps _fit.,4.,依据主语可知,作,keep,宾语。,its,herself,51/101,5.As the saying goes,every dog has _ day.,5.,这是一句谚语,意为“人人皆有得意时候”。,6.She saw it with _ own eyes.,6.,依据主语可知。,his,her,52/101,7.Have a good time and enjoy _.,7.,依据,enjoy,使用方法可知。,enjoy oneself“,玩得开心”。,8.Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _after an injury,？,8.,指,the human body“,自愈”,故填,itself,。,yourself,itself,53/101,9.To save time,our teacher has _ students do only half of the exercises in class.,因为作动词,has,宾语,要用宾格代词,;,由,our,可知用,us,作,students,同位语。,10.I intended to compare notes with a friend,but unfortunately _couldnt spare me even one minute.,因前面,a friend,是泛指朋友中一个,故填,they,。,us,they,54/101,11.Would you like tea or coffee,？,_,thank you.Ive just had some water.,依据上文,tea or coffee,可知,这里是在谈论二者,再依据句中,Ive just had some water,可知填,neither,。,12.He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _ of them again.,指前面提到,his temper,和,his health,这“二者中任何一个”都找不回了。,Neither,either,55/101,13.Wow,！,Youve got so many clothes.,But _ of them are in fashion now.,因为,so many clothes,可知是指“多者”,由,but,可知,指多者中“一个也不”,故填,none,。,14.Jane was asked a lot of questions,but she didnt answer _of them.,依据,but,可知,空格处是指,a lot of questions,中“任何一个”,故填,any,。,none,any,56/101,15._thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.,因,all that is important,相当于,what is important,。,All,57/101,16.To know more about the British Museum,you can use the Internet or go to the library,or _.,指,use the Internet,和,go to the library“,二者都”能够。,both,58/101,17.It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which _,of the parents spoke the language.,因为,parents,指二者,又由,hard for him,可知表示否定,故用,neither,。,neither,59/101,18.Which of the two computer games did you prefer,？,Actually I didnt like _of them.,表示两个电脑游戏中“任何一个”,我都不喜欢。,either,60/101,19.How do you find your new classmates,？,Most of them are kind.But _is so good to me as Bruce.,由,but,可知,空格处应填一个表否定代词,;,在“新同学”这个范围内“没有一个”,用,none,。,20.They were _tired,but none of them would stop to take a rest.,由,none of them,可知指三个以上,;,由,But,可知,三个人“都”累了,;,故用,all,。,none,all,61/101,21.Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen,dear,？,_ one,？,表示在原有基础上再增加一个22.To stay awake,he finished a cup of coffee and ordered _.,表示在原有基础上再增加一个,在此相当于,another cup of coffee,。,another,another,62/101,23.You are a team star,！,Working with _ is really your cup of tea.,由,a team star,可知,表示泛指“他人,他人”,用,others,。句中,ones cup of tea,意为“某人所喜欢事,如某人所愿”。,others,63/101,24.Neither side is prepared to talk to the _unless we can smooth thing over between them.,依据句中,neither side,可知,谈论是二者,;,指二者中另一方,即“对方”,用,the other,。,other,64/101,25.Laziness,lying,stealing and so on are all easily-formed bad habits.However,there are many _habits formed in early life that are of great help.,由上下文可知,除了一些坏习惯,还有早期形成“其它”许多习惯是有益。,other,65/101,26.Some people like to stay at home on Sunday but _like to go shopping.,26.,因,some.others.,是固定搭配。,27.Silly me,！,I forget what my luggage looks like.,What do you think of _over there?,27.,替换前面不可数名词,my luggage,。,others,that,66/101,28.We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose _ based on your own interests.,替换前面名词中一个,在此相当于,a summer camp,。,29.Helping others is a habit,_ you can learn even at an early age.,作,a habit,同位语,句意为：帮助他人是一个习惯，一个从很小就可学会习惯。,one,one,67/101,30.One of the most important questions they had to consider was _of public health30.,替换前面提到,the question,。,that,68/101,31.The ideal student is considered to be _who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning,not the one interested only in getting high grades.,泛指,a student,填不定代词,one,表示“一个为了学习而被激励学习人,而不是只对得高分感兴趣那种人”。,one,69/101,32.For _who dont have time to take a course,there are books that tell you how you can do things by yourself.,指代,the people“,那些人”,也可用,the ones,。,33.You must find the right courses.These are the _that have the least amount of work,the fewest tests and the kindest professors.,33.,指代,the courses,。,those,ones,70/101,34.My father bought me a pen and I like _ very much.,34.,替换,the pen,。,35.This dictionary is more useful than the _ I bought yesterday.,35.,替换,the dictionary,。,it,one,71/101,36.Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as large as _of theirs.,替换不可数名词,表示同类,只能用,that,。,37.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _.,在此指代前面提到,the employment rate(,就业率,),。,that,it,72/101,38.Why dont you bring _to his attention that youre too ill to work on,？,在此为形式宾语,真正宾语是其后宾语从句,that youre too ill to work on,。,39.The two girls are so alike that strangers find _difficult to tell one from the other.,在此为形式宾语,真正宾语是其后不定式,to tell one from the other,。,it,it,73/101,40.The doctor thought _would be good for you to have a holiday.,因,thought,后面是一个宾语从句,由,that,引导,但,that,被省略了。空格处填,it,用作宾语从句形式主语,宾语从句真正主语是,for you to have a holiday,。,it,74/101,41.I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,but I dont have enough money to buy _.,指代前面提到过,this house,。注意,it,与,one,使用方法区分,:it,相当于“,the+,名词”,指前面提到同一事物,;one,相当于“,a+,名词”,指相同同类事物。,it,75/101,42.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.,强调句型,it is(was).that.,使用方法。注意句中,that she had bought in the village,是修饰,supplies,定语从句，不要误认为引导该定语从句关系代词,that,为强调句型结构词,that,。句意为,:,女主人只是用她在村里买来一些东西就做出了那样一顿佳肴。,that,76/101,43.Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work _has made him what he is today.,强调句型,it is.that.,使用方法。句意为：约翰成功与好运气没相关系,是多年努力工作才使他变成今天这个样子,(,成就了今天事业,),。,that,77/101,二、短文填空,Dear Mr.Johnson,，,I saw1 _advertisement in the newspaper about your finding a small white dog with some black hair on 2 _ head.,1.,在名词前作定语,用形容词性物主代词，表示“你”。,2.,在名词前作定语,表示“它”头,即那只狗头。,your,its,78/101,The dog is 3 _and I can prove it.4 _ had a brown path on one of it