大学英语四级选词填空技巧.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,选词填空,1/16,一、题型介绍,本题型出现在仔细阅读部分（共,25,分钟），在两篇传统阅读文章之前（每篇文章解题时间约为,9,分钟）。所以本题型共,10,道小题最正确完成时间应控制在,7,分钟。,考试要求在,7,分钟左右时间内将题目给出,15,个词汇填入,10,个空格中。,2/16,二、考点分析,考试形式与传统考题完形填空相同。,选词填空，当然是考词汇。但较之以往专门词汇题,选词填空是对词汇更完全更高层次考查；因为它所考查，是在篇章中对词汇把握。,考评主要目标是检验考生,在上下文中猜测词义能力,以及,单词词性识别能力,。,碰到生词怎么办？时间不够怎么办？考前训练时注意培养以上两种能力，考试时加以利用，会大大提升答中率。,3/16,三、熟悉题型英文指导,Section A,Directions:,In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item,on Answer Sheet 2,with a single line through the center.,You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.,4/16,四、解题方法,一、辨析词性,把十五个选项按词性分别归入名词、动词、形容词、副词等类别。,辨性要注意下面几点1,动词还要分两类，那就是谓语和非谓语动词。所谓非谓语动词，就是,-ing,-ed,to do,型，其它都是谓语动词。但,-ed,型有两种可能性，无法确定要先打问号。,2,记不得，看后缀。有构词法中，前缀表明意思，后缀表明词性。所以看一个词后缀，往往能大致分出词性。请参考附件“英语后缀”。,3,词性一时无法确定，暂时搁置，无须纠缠，影响全局。,4,作出对应标识。可直接用自己最清楚符号清楚标在每个词前后。不清楚都标问号。,5/16,年,6,月,24,日新四级考试真题解析,EI Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world.This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.It starts in the pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the,trade winds,(,信风,),which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds.As the trade winds lessen in,48,the ocean temperatures rise,causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5.The warning of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid(,潮湿,)air over the ocean causes severe,49,thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased across South America,50,floods to Peru.In the West Pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and,51,.EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months.The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most,52,weather in modern history.Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds,53,of damage.The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995.Scientists,54,this,to be,the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years.,6/16,其选项以下：,A)estimate,；,B)strength,；,C)deliberately,；,D)notify,；,E)tropical,；,F)phenomenon,；,G)stable,；,H)attraction,；,I)completely,；,J)destructive,；,K)starvation,；,L)bringing,；,M)exhaustion,；,N)worth,；,O)strike,Nowadays,weather experts are able to forecast when an,EI Nino will,55,but they are still not,56,sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.,7/16,以真题为例辨词性,estimate,；,B)strength,；,C)deliberately,；D)notify,；,E)tropical,；,F)phenomenon,；,G)stable,H)attraction,；,I)completely,；,J)destructive,；,K)starvation,；,L)bringing,；,M)exhaustion,；,N)worth,；,O)strike,注意：即使从没见过，也想方法看能否判断其词性，词性质有时比词义还主要。词性质并不总是固定，有些不认识或无法确定，如N)worth(adj./n.)，可先搁置，不要过分纠缠。,名词：,B,F,H,K,M,（,B,后缀,th,H,、,K,、,M,tion,都是名词后缀）,谓语动词：A,D,O（A-ate极可能是动词，D-fy为动词后缀）,非谓语动词：L（-ing结尾）,形容词：E,G,J,N（E-cal,Gable,Jtive是形容词后缀）,副词：C和I（ly加在形容词后为副词后缀）,8/16,二、综合解题,将选项分类之后，就得从文章中来寻找对应线索了。选项与文章匹配原因有两个，第一是词性，第二是词义。所以在读文章时，要经过各种伎俩来确定空格词性与意义。,一个完整句子之后再跟逗号，后面普通是非谓语动词短语。,The rainfall is increased across South America,50,floods to Peru.,（前面是一个完整句子，逗号后跟，普通是非谓语动词短语。此题选项中非谓语动词只有一个，故直选之。）,50.L bringing,Nowadays,weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will,55,but.(will,后面必定是原形动词，一起组成谓语,),55.O strike,（,一）确定词性，确定选项选择范围,1,）关于动词判断,前后都是名词短语，中间是动词。,依据一句（包含从句）有且只有一个谓动标准，其它地方如无谓语动词，则需要谓语动词；反之则不需要谓语动词。,9/16,2,）其它词判断,形容词或名词修饰名词，限定词（,the,this,that,a,my,之类）后必有名词,This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.,（这个,/,种奇怪？，当然要一个名词了）,47.F phenomenon,The hot,humid(,潮湿,)air over the ocean causes severe,49,thunderstorms.,（严重？风暴，可能是形容词，也可能是名词）,49.E tropical,El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months.The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most,52,weather in modern history.,（前面是最高级修饰语，自然是形容词。）,52.J destructive,10/16,介词后面必有名词,谓语动词前有名词主语,This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.,（,happens,是谓语动词，也可知前面为名词短语，缺一个关键名词。）,47.F phenomenon,As the trade winds lessen in,48,the ocean temperatures rise,causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 C.,（在介词,in,后面，当为名词无疑，此处整个短语来修饰,lessen,降低，当为在某个方面降低。）,48.B strength,副词修饰形容词或动词,but they are still not,56,sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.,（修饰形容词,sure,当为副词）,56.I completely,11/16,（二）句里句外，猜测词义,一看搭配：主谓宾、主系表与修饰 词直接搭配关系决定着词意义。所以先看它被谁修饰，与谁形成主谓宾关系。看一个关系不行就看另一个，灵活处之二 看逻辑：,1,句内,(,状语从句，解释，并列等,),So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and,51,.,空格与前面两个名词并列，意味着意思相近。与干旱、收成不好一致，很轻易选出,starvation,饥荒,.,51.K starvation,12/16,2,前文（指代等、句间连词）,This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.,This,告诉我们，此处是重提前面讲到过某个东西。前面讲到过关键概念就是,El Nino,无疑是一个天气“现象”。,47.F phenomenon,表示可从前文找对应线索有两类。,与this一大类还有：This/these/such;the same/similar;worse/better/more/less等。,还有就是表示逻辑关系句间连词，或者叫连接副词。主要以下。,递进：Moreover/furthermore/whats more/besides/in addition/even/also,转折：however/but/rather/instead,因果：therefore/consequently/accordingly/thus/hence,13/16,3,后文,El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months.The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most,52,weather in modern history.Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds,53,of damage.,段落开始部分，提出一个总概括性说法。往往在下文有分述。,El Nino,终究带来是什么样天气，后面一句就交代得十分清楚。,52.J destructive,(dead,damage),14/16,三看习惯使用方法：固定搭配,Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds,53,of damage.,53.N worth,此处考是,worth,这个词特殊使用方法。它本是一个形容词，但可用,worth of sth.,来表明价值某物某东西。,e.g.The fire caused,thousands of pounds worth of,damage.,四、带项检验,带入已选答案，重新通读文章以查对其是否逻辑语意正确。,15/16,五、总结,选择填空考是猜测词义能力，其关键在于经过各种线索来确定词性和意义，从而实现成功匹配。解题方法也对应产生。,先经过词后缀等对选项进行合理分类，分不出可先含糊处理。,再经过文章逐一确定空格所需要词性和意义。它需要看句子中此词所处位置，它周围环境。,有时甚至需要跳出此句，看前文或后文。如指代词,/,句间连词告诉我们要向前寻找；而段首抽象表示可能要从下文找到钥匙。,16/16,