吉他介绍.ppt

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,Words of music,1.,acoustic,adj,an acoustic musical instrument does not use electronic equipment to make its sound louder,2.,harmonic,adj,relating to the way that musical notes are combined to create chords,3.,melodic,adj,relating to the melody(=main tune)of a piece of music,Section 2,Section 3,Section 4,Section 1,Section 5,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,Mistakes,The guitar is an ancient and noble instrument,whose history can be traced back over 4000 years.Many theories have been advanced about the instruments ancestry.It has often been claimed that the guitar is a development of the lute,or even of the ancient Greek kithara.Research done by Dr.Michael Kasha in the 1960s showed these claims to be without merit.He showed that the lute is a result of a separate line of development,sharing common ancestors with the guitar,but having had no influence on its evolution.,Section,1,Section 1,Section 1,Section 2,Section 3,Section 4,Section 1,Section 5,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The Ancestors,The earliest stringed instruments known to archaeologists are,bowl harps,and,tanburs,.Since prehistory people have made bowl harps using tortoise shells and calabashes as resonators,with a bent stick for a neck and one or more gut or silk strings.The worlds museums contain many such harps from the ancient Sumerian,Babylonian,and Egyptian civilisations.Around 2500-2000 CE more advanced harps,such as the opulently carved 11-stringed instrument with gold decoration found in Queen Shub-Ads tomb,started to appear.,Section,1,Section 2,Section 2,Section 3,Section 4,Section 1,Section 5,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The Tar,The name guitar comes from the ancient Sanskrit word for string-,tar,.(This is the language from which the languages of central Asia and northern India developed.)Many stringed folk instruments exist in Central Asia to this day which have been used in almost unchanged form for several thousand years,as shown by archeological finds in the area.Many have names that end in tar,with a prefix indicating the number of strings,.,Section,1,Section 3,Section 2,Section 3,Section 4,Section 1,Section 5,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,What is a guitar?,To distinguish guitars from other members of the tanbur family,we need to define what a guitar is.Dr.Kasha defines a guitar as having a long,fretted neck,flat wooden soundboard,ribs,and a flat back,most often with incurved sides.,Section,1,Section 4,From,four-,five-,six-,string guitar,Section 2,Section 3,Section 4,Section 1,Section 5,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,Morden guitar,Section,1,Section 5,At around the same time that Torres started making his breakthrough fan-braced guitars in Spain,German immigrants to the USA-among them Christian Fredrich Martin-had begun making guitars with X-braced tops.Steel strings first became widely available in around 1900.,acoustic guitar,electric guitar,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,THE END,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The,Tar,two,=Sanskrit dvi-modern Persian do-,dotar,two-string instrument found in Turkestan,three,=Sanskrit tri-modern Persian se-,setar,3string instrument,found in Persia(Iran),(cf.sitar,India,elaborately developed,many-stringed),four,=Sanskrit chatur-modern Persian char-,chartar,4-string instrument,Persia(most commonly known as tar in modern usage),five,=Sanskrit pancha-modern Persian panj-,panchtar,5 strings,Afghanistan,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The,four strings,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The,five strings,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The,six strings,The modern classical guitar took its present form when the Spanish maker Antonio Torres increased the size of the body,altered its proportions,and introduced the revolutionary fan top bracing pattern,in around 1850.,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The,acoustic guitar,An acoustic guitar is a guitar that uses only acoustic,means to transmit the strings vibrational energy to the air in order to produce a sound.,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The,electric guitar,An electric guitar is a guitar that uses a pickup to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical impulses.The signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker,so it is amplified before sending it to a loudspeaker.,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The Ancestors,bowl,harps,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The Ancestors,The term,Tanbur,can refer to various long-necked,string instrument originating in the Southern or Central Asia(Mesopotamia and Persia/Iran).Nowadays the term tanbur,is applied to a variety of distinct and related long-necked string,instruments used in art and folk traditions in Afghanistan,Pakistan,Turkey,Tajikestan,Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan.,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The,Dotar,The dutar is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran and Central Asia.,back,HISTORY,|,A Brief History of the,Guitar,The,Setar,Setar,is a Persian musical instrument used across Greater Iran and Central asia.,back,