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1、1.同义替换 (1)名词 ①担忧:worry→concern ②建议:suggestion→proposal ③影响:influence→impact ④目标:target→goal, aim, purpose ⑤难题:problem→issue ⑥机会:chance→opportunity ⑦垃圾:litter→rubbish; garbage; trash ⑧发展: development→ advance, progress, growth, improvement ⑨住所:house→shelter ⑩困难:difficulty→barrier, c
2、hallenge, trouble ⑪人:people→individual, person, human ⑫优势:advantage→virtue, benefit, strength ⑬老人:old people→the aged, the elderly, the senior ⑭缺陷:disadvantage→drawback, weakness ⑮干旱:with no rain at all→drought ⑯方法:method→way, approach ⑰地区:district→zone, place, region, area ⑱财富,财产:wealth
3、→fortune, property ⑲高速公路:expressway→freeway ⑳原因:reason→factor ㉑故事:tale→story ㉒好运:luck→fortune ㉓渴望:eagerness→desire ㉔联系;关联:connection→link ㉕革新:revolution→innovation ㉖画像:picture→image ㉗高兴:joy→entertainment ㉘短缺:shortage→lack (2)动词 ①减轻:ease→relieve ②提倡:propose→advocate ③讨厌:hate→disli
4、ke, be fed up with, be bored with ④鼓励,激发:encourage→motivate ⑤对……感兴趣:be interested in→be caught up in, be crazy about, be fond of, be attracted to ⑥阻止:prevent→stop ⑦充分利用:make full use of→make the most/best of, take advantage of ⑧相似:look like→resemble ⑨完成:accomplish→achieve, finish ⑩抵挡:stan
5、d up to→resist, oppose ⑪处理:deal with→handle ⑫采取措施:take action→take measures, take steps ⑬加速:speed up→accelerate ⑭出发去某地:set off for→head for, leave for ⑮降低至:fall to→decline to, decrease to, drop to ⑯要求:request→demand, require ⑰消除:clear→remove ⑱确保:ensure→guarantee, make sure ⑲给予:give→offe
6、r, provide, supply ⑳保持:keep→maintain ㉑导致:lead to→cause, give rise to, result in, bring ㉒暴露:reveal→expose ㉓提高:improve→enhance, promote ㉔改变:change→transform ㉕与⋯⋯有联系:connect with→associate with ㉖建立:build→establish, set up ㉗得到:get→acquire, obtain, receive, earn ㉘拥有:have→possess, own ㉙感谢:t
7、hank→appreciate ㉚表达:express→convey ㉛解决:solve→deal with, resolve ㉜帮助:help→assist, aid ㉝确信:make sure→ensure ㉞认为:think→consider, believe, insist, hold ㉟损害:damage→hurt, injure, harm, destroy ㊱保护:protect→secure, preserve ㊲致力于:be devoted to→be committed to ㊳展示:show→reveal, illustrate, presen
8、t ㊴允许某人做某事:give sb. permission to do sth.→allow sb. to do sth. ㊵预订:book→reserve ㊶推迟:put off→delay ㊷转换:switch→transform, shift ㊸禁止:forbid→ban, prohibit ㊹区分:tell sth./sb. apart→distinguish ㊺由⋯⋯构成:be made up of→be composed of, consist of ㊻维持:sustain→support, maintain ㊼承 担 责任:shoulder/under
9、take one's duty→be responsible for, take responsibility ㊽增加:be on the rise→increase, multiply ㊾尽力做某事:do sth. to the best of one's ability→try one's best to do sth. , spare no effort to do sth., make every effort to do sth. ㊿专心致志于:put one’s heart into→be absorbed in, be bent on, be buried in 51
10、发生:take place→occur 52.坚持:stick to→persevere 53.计划:plan→intend 54.促使:contribute→push, drive 55.重建:rebuild→restart 56.把……归咎于:put... down to→blame 57.更关心:cake more about→pay close attention to 58.容纳:accommodate→hold 59.希望:want→desire 60.减少:reduce→cut, save 61.开设:start→run 62.集中(注意力):
11、concentrate→focus (3)形容词 ①乏味的:boring→dull, tiresome ②害怕的:afraid→frightened, scared ③出名的:famous→well-known ④显然的:obvious→apparent, evident, clear ⑤严重的:serious→severe ⑥有益的: useful→helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding ⑦新的:new→fresh, brand new, novel ⑧粗鲁的:rude→impolite ⑨怀疑的:doubtf
12、ul→skeptical ⑩快速的:fast→speedy ⑪最便宜的:the least expensive→the cheapest ⑫许多:many→a sea of, an ocean of, abundant, numerous ⑬巨大的:big→enormous, vast, massive, huge ⑭聪明的:clever→smart, gifted, sharp-minded ⑮好的:good→fantastic, outstanding, remarkable ⑯穷的:in poverty→poor, needy ⑰悲伤的:sad→depressed
13、 frustrated, disappointed ⑱重要的:important→significant, essential, critical, vital, crucial ⑲基本的:fundamental→basic, essential ⑳神圣的:sacred→holy ㉑充足的; 富裕的: rich → plentiful, generous, abundant ㉒少量的:a small number of →a handful of ㉓主要的:primary→main ㉔合理的:reasonable→sensible, sound ㉕勇敢的:brave→
14、fearless, courageous ㉖开心的:happy→cheerful, delightful, thrilled ㉗艰难的:difficult→tough, challenging ㉘有害的:harmful→damaging ㉙传统的:traditional→conventional ㉚生气的:angry→annoyed ㉛最初的:initial→original ㉜疲劳的:worn→tired, exhausted ㉝普通的;平常的:ordinary→common ㉞惊奇的:surprised→amazed ㉟进一步的:follow-up→next
15、 ㊱棘手的:tough→complex (4)副词 ①非常:very→extremely, intensely ②最后:finally→eventually, ultimately ③起先:firstly→originally, initially ④大约:approximately→almost, about, around, nearly, roughly ⑤肯定地:certainly→definitely, undoubtedly, obviously, apparently ⑥经常,总是:frequently→constantly, always ⑦立刻:rig
16、ht now→immediately, shortly, right away ⑧事实上:as a matter of fact→practically, in practice, in reality, in effect, in fact ⑨平稳地:steadily→smoothly ⑩决不,从不:never→on no account, at no time, under no circumstances ⑪偶尔,有时:now and then→at times, occasionally ⑫很少:rarely→seldom ⑬每天:day in and day out
17、→every day ⑭缓慢地,轻微地:slightly→slowly, mildly, gently ⑮仅仅:only→merely ⑯完全地:totally→absolutely, completely ⑰目前:at present→nowadays, recently ⑱急剧地:dramatically→sharply (5)其他替换 ①我认为:in my opinion→personally, from my perspective ②关于:with regard to→as for ③虽然:despite/regardless of the fact that→although/though ④同时:at the same time→meanwhile, in the meantime ⑤因为:on account of the fact that→because ⑥对比:on the other hand→by contrast, on the contrary ⑦此外:in addition→besides, furthermore, moreover
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