心理学6心理障碍.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,心理障碍,Abnormal Psychology,10/14/2025,1,如何确定变态（异常）？,痛苦或功能不良,不适应性,非理性,不可预测性,非惯常性和统计的极端性,令观察者不适,对道德或理想标准的违反,10/14/2025,2,情侣换装照,10/14/2025,3,内容范围,神经症,精神分裂症,情感障碍,心身疾病,人格障碍,性变态,智力障碍,器质性精神障碍,药物滥用与依赖,10/14/2025,4,Neurotics build castles in the sky.,Psychotics live in them.,Psychiatrists collect the rent.,在美国看心理医生的收费标准，一般每次的收费都在70美元至200美元之间,10/14/2025,5,A neurotic knows two and two are four-but he hates it.,A psychotic thinks that two and two are five.,10/14/2025,6,特殊恐怖症：动物、环境、血,10/14/2025,9,10/14/2025,10,波士顿马拉松爆炸案,大峡谷上的马蹄形玻璃天桥,10/14/2025,11,心境障碍,抑郁症：,悲哀、对大部分活动失去兴趣、食欲差、失眠、行动迟缓、无价值感、健忘、自杀,10/14/2025,12,自杀,自杀身每年100万，试图自杀者1020倍,男女自杀方式,:,男性剧烈枪、桥、楼,女性舒缓药、腕、气,男女自杀成功率,：,男女,玛丽莲-梦露服药自杀？,10/14/2025,13,评估自杀风险的八个关键因素,过去自杀尝试的医疗严重度,自杀尝试史,严重的的自杀观念,严重的无望感,死亡的吸引力,自杀的家族史,严重酗酒,丧失/孤立,（48个因素中最重要的8个）,10/14/2025,14,10/14/2025,15,10/14/2025,16,季节变化,10/14/2025,17,10/14/2025,1810/14/2025,19,10/14/2025,20,精神分裂症之,妄想,被害,：关系、被害、影响、嫉妒,夸大,：夸大、发明、钟情,自我贬斥,：自罪自责、疑病,10/14/2025,21,When the new patient was settled comfortably on the couch,the physiatrist began his therapy session,Im not aware of your problem,the doctor said.So perhaps,you should start at the very beginning.,Of course.replied the patient.In the beginning,I created the Heavens and the Earth.,10/14/2025,22,10/14/2025,23,性变态,同性恋,异装癖,恋物癖,易性癖,窥阴癖,露阴癖,泰国“蒂芬尼小姐”人妖选美,10/14/2025,24,异装癖：又称异性装扮癖，是指通过穿着异性服装而得到性兴奋一种性变态形式,10/14/2025,25,恋物癖：指在强烈的性欲望与性兴奋的驱使下，反复收集异性使用的物品,10/14/2025,26,窥阴癖：患者透過窥视女性阴部方式，來获得自己性兴奋或性滿足的心理需求,10/14/2025,27,露阴癖：指在不适当的环境下在异性面前公开暴露自己的生殖器，引起异性紧张性情绪反应，从而获得性快感的一种性偏离现象,阿姆斯特丹性博物馆,10/14/2025,28,