初三英语语法复习情态动词行为动词.pptx

11情态动词情态动词（Modal verb）canmay wouldcouldmust shouldmightwill needought toIntroduction1.情态动词表示说话人对动作或状态的情态动词表示说话人对动作或状态的各种观点和态度，如需要、猜测、意各种观点和态度，如需要、猜测、意愿或怀疑等。情态动词有词义，但不愿或怀疑等。情态动词有词义，但不完全，是所谓的完全，是所谓的“辅助性辅助性”动词，在动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语。句中不能单独充当谓语。1.can/could2.may/might 3.must/have to/ought to4.need/will/would5.shall/should1.can can 表示请求，允许，现在的能力和猜测。表示请求，允许，现在的能力和猜测。表示请求，允许，现在的能力和猜测。表示请求，允许，现在的能力和猜测。_ I go now?(请求请求)You _ park you car here.(允许允许)She _ speak three languages.(现在的能力现在的能力)The news _ not be true.(猜测猜测)can,could,may,might 的主要用法的主要用法Read and rememberLook and sayCan/Maycancancan could could 表示比表示比表示比表示比cancan更客气的请求更客气的请求更客气的请求更客气的请求,把握不大的把握不大的把握不大的把握不大的猜测。还可能表示过去的能力猜测。还可能表示过去的能力猜测。还可能表示过去的能力猜测。还可能表示过去的能力,但不指已经做但不指已经做但不指已经做但不指已经做过的某事的能力。过的某事的能力。过的某事的能力。过的某事的能力。_ I smoke here?(请求比请求比can更客气更客气)You _ be right,but I dont think you are.(把握不大的猜测把握不大的猜测)When he was young,he _ work 24 hours without rest.(过去的能力过去的能力)Read and rememberCouldcouldcouldLook and sayChoose the right answer1._you repair my car？I_not start it.A.Would；would B.Must；must C.Can；can D.May；may2._she ride when she was three years old？A.Can B.Could C.Need D.May3.-Who is the man over there？Is it Mr Li？-No，it_be him.Mr Li is much taller.A.mustnt B.may not C.cant D.neednt4_you tell me how I_ get to the No.19 Middle School?ADo；can BCan；could CCould；can DCould；could 5.You _ give me it next week if you have no time tomorrow.A.may B.could C.need D.will1)I _(shall/will)see you tomorrow.2)We _(shall/will)go to Century Park this Sunday.shall/should/ought to 的主要用法：的主要用法：Read and remembershall/willShallshallshall/will 1)_(Shall/Will)we dance?2)Lets go to have a picnic,_(shall/will)we?Shall与第一人称与第一人称I,we连用表将来。连用表将来。Shall用于第一人称征求对方的意愿。用于第一人称征求对方的意愿。Look and choosetidilyin the school buildingS1:Should the boy dress like this?S2:No,he shouldnt.He should dress tidily.12Look and saya noise in the libraryin the classroom45the school uniform3Look and say情态动词情态动词should一般不应被认为是一般不应被认为是shall的过去式，的过去式，其主要用法如下其主要用法如下：1.表义务，意谓表义务，意谓“应该应该”。1)We should do exercise every day.2)You should brush your teeth before going to bed.3)We shouldnt stay up so late.Read and remember2.用于表示推测的词，意谓用于表示推测的词，意谓“可能可能”。如：。如：They should arrive soon.3.shall 的过去时态的过去时态,如：如：We asked if we should help her.(should否定式是否定式是should not或其缩写形式或其缩写形式shouldnt.)should should 是情态动词，意为是情态动词，意为是情态动词，意为是情态动词，意为“应该应该应该应该”，表示，表示，表示，表示应该做某种事情，或者表示现在应承担某种应该做某种事情，或者表示现在应承担某种应该做某种事情，或者表示现在应承担某种应该做某种事情，或者表示现在应承担某种责任或义务，有时表示一种推测。责任或义务，有时表示一种推测。责任或义务，有时表示一种推测。责任或义务，有时表示一种推测。Read and rememberMedicine for Mr LeeMr Lee should/ought to Mr Lee shouldnt/oughtnt to Give some advice to Mr Lee.Look and sayMedicine for Ms JonesMs Jones should/ought toMs Jones shouldnt/oughtnt to Give some advice to Mrs Jones.Look and sayMedicine for Mr CollinsMr Collins Give some advice to MrCollins.Look and say ought to 后接动词原形，表责任或义务，译为后接动词原形，表责任或义务，译为“应应该，应当该，应当”.ought to 可用于否定句可用于否定句,其否定形式可缩略为其否定形式可缩略为oughtnt.ought to一般认为与一般认为与should意思相近意思相近,其主要用法如下：其主要用法如下：Read and remembereg.You ought to go to see the doctor.We ought to start at once.eg.You ought not to smoke so much.You ought not(oughtnt)to smoke so much.We must/mustnt We must not ride bicycles here.We must not walk across the road.Look and sayWe must turn left.must/have to的主要用法的主要用法eg.1)We must obey rules.2)He must keep quiet in the library.must must 表必须，必要。表必须，必要。表必须，必要。表必须，必要。must not/mustnt must not/mustnt 译为译为译为译为“不应该不应该不应该不应该”。eg.1)You mustnt waste water.2)May I take this book out?No,you mustnt.(不，不行。不，不行。)Read and remembereg.-Must I go tomorrow?-Yes,_./No,you _.Read and remembermust/Im afraid soneednt/dont have toLook and saymust 用于一般疑问句时，其肯定答语应用。用于一般疑问句时，其肯定答语应用。Yes,you must或或Im afraid so,其否定答语应其否定答语应No,you neednt 或或No,you dont have to.1.现在式为现在式为have(第三人称单数用第三人称单数用has)toeg.My parents have to go to church on Sundays.My uncle has to start work at 8am.2.过去式为过去式为had toeg.We had to pay 5 yuan for the book.Did he have to come back last night?3.将来式将来式 will/shall have to4.完成式为完成式为have/has/had had to have to have to 的含义与的含义与的含义与的含义与must must 相似，它有各种相似，它有各种相似，它有各种相似，它有各种形式，随形式，随形式，随形式，随have have 的变化而定。其变化与行的变化而定。其变化与行的变化而定。其变化与行的变化而定。其变化与行为动词为动词为动词为动词have have 相同。相同。相同。相同。Read and remember1Mum:Would you like some _?Kitty:No,thanks.I dont like _.Id rather have some _.2Mum:_?Kitty:Yes,please._.colacolaorange juiceWould you like some rice dumplingsI like rice dumplingsLook and say3Mum:_?Kitty:Yes,please._.4Mum:_?Kitty:_.Would you like some dumplingsI like dumplingsWould you like some moon cakesNo,thanks.I dont like moon cakes.Id rather have a hamburger.Look and sayS1:Would you like some _?S2:Yes,please.I like/No,thanks.I dont like Id rather have Look and sayI _ have a meeting tomorrow afternoon.will,would的主要用法：的主要用法：would是是will的过去式。的过去式。Read and rememberwill 表将来意图。表将来意图。will 表示意愿。表示意愿。willYou needt help me.I_do it myself.willThey asked us if we _ go there first next day.wouldwould可表婉转请求可表婉转请求,语气较语气较will委婉。委婉。eg.1)I need to buy eggs every week.2)He needs to take the medicine three times a day.3)Mary needed to come yesterday.4)Does she need to take her raincoat?need的主要用法：的主要用法：Simon,you _ do your homework today.Leave it for tomorrow.A)neednt to B)not need to B)C)dont need D)dont need toRead and remember need 作为实义动词时，后带作为实义动词时，后带to的动词不定式，有现的动词不定式，有现在时第三人称词尾在时第三人称词尾-s,过去分词过去分词-ed.Look and chooseeg.1)He neednt go to the party this evening.2)Need he go out for dinner?You _ worry about difficulties.We will all help you.A)neednt B)neednt to C)dont need D)not needRead and remember need 作为情态动词作为情态动词,后接动词原形，多用于否定句后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。和疑问句中。Look and chooseeg.1)My mum needs some milk and bread.2）My mum doesnt need any milk and bread.Tom _ any help because he can finish the work on time himself.A)doesnt need to B)need to C)doesnt need D)neednt toRead and rememberLook and choose need need后跟名词，只能是实义动词的用法。后跟名词，只能是实义动词的用法。后跟名词，只能是实义动词的用法。后跟名词，只能是实义动词的用法。eg.Need he tell you what to do?疑问句的否定回答：疑问句的否定回答：No,you neednt.疑问句的肯定疑问句的肯定 回答：回答：Yes,you must.-Mum,today is Friday.Must I finish my homework now?-No,you You may have a rest first and finish it tomorrow.A)mustnt B)cant C)may not D)needntRead and rememberLook and choose need作为情态动词使用时不用在肯定句中，在肯定句作为情态动词使用时不用在肯定句中，在肯定句中要用中要用must,have to,ought to,should 等来表示。等来表示。12行为动词行为动词（Action verb）情态动词后必须加行为动词（或加助动词表示猜测）。情态动词后必须加行为动词（或加助动词表示猜测）。情态动词后必须加行为动词（或加助动词表示猜测）。情态动词后必须加行为动词（或加助动词表示猜测）。Read and remember英语中动词可以分为：实意动词和非实意动词。英语中动词可以分为：实意动词和非实意动词。一般实意动词，也称为行为动词。一般实意动词，也称为行为动词。行为动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词，可以单行为动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词，可以单独作谓语。独作谓语。非行为动词包括各类助动词，如情态动词，系动词非行为动词包括各类助动词，如情态动词，系动词和和do，did等等，不能独立构成谓语。等等，不能独立构成谓语。比如：比如：hit是实意动词，因为是实意动词，因为“打打”是作为一个真实是作为一个真实动动作而存在，作而存在，must，can等不是实意动词，本身并没等不是实意动词，本身并没有真实的动作存在，要加上实意动词后才能构成谓有真实的动作存在，要加上实意动词后才能构成谓语。语。Read and remember一般一般,根据不同时态，行为动词相应地在肯定，否定根据不同时态，行为动词相应地在肯定，否定和疑问句中要与和疑问句中要与be动词，动词，do/does/did，have/has等助动词连用。等助动词连用。He didnt work in the hospital.Does he go to work on foot every day?They were having a discussion yesterday afternoon when you called.Have you finished your project yet?Read and remember情态动词情态动词（Modal verbs）行为动词行为动词（Action verbs）The endThe end