脑被膜血管液.ppt

单击以编辑母版标题样式,单击以编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,脊髓的被膜,硬脊膜,spinal dura mater,脊髓蛛网膜,spinal arachnoid,mater,软脊膜,spinal pia mater,硬膜外隙,epidural space,硬膜下隙,subdural space,蛛网膜下隙,subarachnoid space,终池,terminal cistern,齿状韧带,denticulate lig.,终池,terminal cistern,硬脑膜,cerebral dura mater,外层（颅骨的内骨膜）,:两层,大脑,半球,顶骨,上矢状窦,superior sagittal sinus,下矢状窦,inferior sagittal sinus,大脑镰,cerebral falx,板状突起,硬脑膜窦,sinuses of dura mata,内层：,小脑幕,大脑镰,蝶鞍,上矢状窦,superior sagittal sinus,窦汇,confluence of sinuses,下矢状窦,直窦,横窦,乙状窦,transverse sinus,海绵窦,cavernous sinus,岩上窦,岩下窦,inferior petrosal sinus,颈内V,幕切迹,大脑,半球,顶骨,上矢状窦,inferior sagittal sinus大脑镰,falx,软脑膜,蛛网膜粒,arachnoid granulations,蛛网膜下隙,脑蛛网膜,choroid plexus,of 4,th,ventricle,第四脑室,脉络丛,脉络组织+血管丛,第四脑室脉络组织,软脑膜+室管膜,正中孔,外侧孔,脑和脊髓的血管,Blood vessles of brain and spinal cord,脊髓,动脉,脑,椎动脉,节段性动脉,颈内动脉系,椎基底动脉系,起始：,锁骨下,A,suclavian,A.,椎A-基底A,基底动脉,basilar a.,椎动脉,vertebral a.,走行：,上六横突孔,枕骨大孔,基底沟,起始：,颈总,A,common carotid A.,走行：,颈,A,管,carotid,canal,颈,A,沟,carotid,sulcus,前床突,颈内动脉,颈内动脉,internal carotid a.,颈总动脉,椎A.,vertebral a.,颈内A.,基底A.,basilar a.,大脑前A.,anterior cerebral a.,前交通A.,后交通A.,大脑中A.,middle cerebral a.,小脑下,前A.,大脑后A.,脊髓前A.,小脑下,后A.,小脑上A.,迷路A.,脉络丛前A,大脑动脉环,cerebral arterial circle,位置:,脑底,视交叉、灰,结节、乳头体周围,组成:,前交通,A,和,两侧,大,脑前,A,起始段、颈内,A,末,端、后交通,A、,大脑后,A,意义:,沟通,颈内,A,系和椎-,基底动脉系，,沟通,两侧,脑,A,系,optic chiasma,mammillary,body,tuber cinereum,大脑中A,middle cerebral A.,中央,central,支,皮质,cortical,支,大脑前/中/后动脉皮质支和中央支,基底核、内囊,、间脑等,大脑皮质及,深面的髓质,大脑前/中/后动脉（内侧面）,大脑前,A.,大脑后,A.,大脑中,A.分支,皮质支：,顶枕沟之前的半球内侧面、部分额叶底面,中央支：,尾状核、豆状核前部、内囊前肢,皮质支：,颞叶内侧面及底面、枕叶,中央支：,背侧丘脑、内外膝状体、下丘脑、底丘脑,大脑中A.,大脑后A.分支,大脑前A.分支,大脑前/中/后动脉（外侧面）,皮质支：,额、顶叶上外侧面上部,皮质支：,上外侧面大部顶枕裂以前的岛叶,大脑中A.,中央支,皮质支,大脑中动脉（冠状切面）,尾状核、豆状核、内囊膝、后肢前上部,豆状核纹状体,A,出血则三偏,端脑动脉的皮质支,来源A 分 布 区,大脑前A 额叶底面,额叶、顶叶内侧面,和上外侧面上部,大脑中A 半球上外侧面大部,岛叶,大脑后A 颞叶底面和内侧面,枕叶,半球前2/3的底、内侧面和上外侧面上部,半球后1/3,半球前2/3的,上外侧面大部,大脑中A于外侧沟处栓塞后的功能障碍?,端脑和间脑动脉的中央支,来源A 分 布 区,大脑前A 尾状核和 内囊前肢,豆状核前部,大脑中A 尾状核 内囊膝和,豆状核 后肢的前上部,脉络丛前A 外侧膝状体 内囊后肢,苍白球 后下部,大脑后A 丘脑、后丘脑,下丘脑、底丘脑,脑的静脉,不与动脉伴行,浅静脉（包括静脉窦）,深静脉,大脑大静脉,脊髓的动脉,来源,*椎,A,vertibral,A.,*,节段性,A,的脊髓支,颈升,A,肋间后,A,腰,A,骶外侧,A,L1,T4,分支,*脊髓前,A：,一支，分布脊髓前外侧大部,*脊髓后,A：,二支，分布后索和后角后部,脊髓的动脉,脑脊液,cerebrospinal fluid,位置:,脑室系统、脊髓中,央管、蛛网膜下隙,性质:,无色透明，类似淋巴,作用:,营养、运输、保护、,维持颅内压,产生部位:,脉络丛,回流部位:,蛛网膜粒,循环途径,左、右侧脑室,第三脑室,第四脑室,蛛网膜下隙,蛛网膜粒,上矢状窦,颈内静脉,脑脊液（,CSF）,及其循环,室间孔,中脑水管,第四脑室,正中孔、外侧孔,epidural space,subdural space,subarachnoid space,dura mater,arachnoid mater,pia mater,Spinal cord,The meninges of brain and spinal cord,Brain,dura mater,cerebral falx,tentorium of cerebellum,sinuses of dura mater,：cavernous,superior,inferior sagittal,straight,transverse,signoid,arachnoid,arachnoid villi,pia mata,choroid plexuses,*,internal carotid A.,*,vertebral A-basilar A.,*,cerebral arterial circle,on the inferior surface,anterior and middle cerebral A.,posterior cerebral A.,Arteries of brain,*central,cortical branches,*anterior cerebral supplies most of the medial and superior surface and the frontal pole,*middle cerebral supplies the lateral surface and the temporal pole,*posterior cerebral supplies the inferior surface and the occipital pole,*,ventricles of brain,central canal of spinal cord,subarachnoid space,*,choroid plexuses,*,arachnoid granulations,Cerebral spinal fluid,