1、找准关键词语有时题干中带有对解题起着关键作用的词语,如果能迅速找准这些词语,再结合各选项的意义和特点,就能很快选出正确答案。例如:The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is【分析】在名词性从句中,that既无词义,也不作句子成分,连接一个句子成分完整的陈述句。根据句意和句子结构,特别是that的暗示,可判断题干为一个含有主语从句的复合句,句首的it为形式主语,真正的主语为其后的that从句
2、,故最佳答案为D。分析句子结构有些试题的考点本来十分简单,但命题者却通过使用定语从句,或者将我们熟悉的固定词组有意拆分,重新组合,使我们在结构上产生错觉,出现迷惑。这时,我们只要保持清醒的头脑,仔细分析句子的结构,就会拨开迷雾。例如:We keep in touch _ writing often.A. with B. of C.【分析】许多同学根据 keep in touch with (与保持联系)这一搭配推断出此题应选A。但是选A错了,因为套此搭配此句意思不通,正确答案应是D,by 表示方式,by writing 意为“通过写信”,全句意为“我们通过经常写信保持联系”。请再看两例:(1)
3、 Weve talked a lot _ cars. What about trains?A. of B. with C. about D. in【分析】由于受 a lot of 这一常用结构的影响,许多同学毫不犹豫地选了A,但是错了。原因是:若选 of,a lot of cars 即为动词 talk 的宾语,但事实上,动词 talk 是不及物动词。正确答案是C,句中的a lot是修饰动词 talked 的状语,talk about才是一个动词短语。全句意为“我们对汽车已谈了不少,现在谈谈火车怎么样?”(2) We all regarded the poor old man _sympathy
4、.A. as B. with C. of D. by【分析】许多同学一看到句中的 regard 和选项中的 as,马上就联想到 regard as (把看作)这一搭配,从而断定此题应选A。错了,原因是将此搭配套入原句,句子意思不通。正确答案是B,句意为“我们大家都很同情这位老人”。适当转换句式有时将题干的句式转换成自己更熟悉的句式,就很容易选出正确答案。比如将疑问句、强调句、感叹句或倒装句改为陈述句,将被动句改为主动句,无序句调整为正常句。例如:Mr. Wang, whom would you rather _ the important meeting?Tom.A. have attend
5、B. have attendedC. having attend D. have to attend【分析】若将疑问句改为陈述句,就是I would rather have Tom attend the important meeting. 其中would rather后必须接动词原形,have sb. do sth.是“要某人做某事”。所以选A。补全省略成分口语中常常会使用一些省略句,做题时若将被省略的成分补充完整,答案就会一目了然。例如:What do you think made Mary so upset? _ her new bike.A. As she lost B. Lost C
6、. Losing D. Because of losing【分析】将答句补全,就是 _ her new bike made Mary so upset,显然,只能选C,用动名词短语作主语。删除干扰部分就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语,如I think / suppose / believe, do you think / suppose / believe, you know, of course等删除,从而更容易地选出正确答案。例如:It is the ability to do the job _matters not where you come from or what y
7、ou are. (全国卷)A.B./ C.to【分析】去掉题干中的not where you come from or what you are,题干即为是一个简单句:The ability to do the job matters. 把主语The ability 放在强调结构中,即变为题干,显然最佳答案为B。利用对称结构就是在做题过程中要善于利用and,but等并列连词。若前面是个句子,后面也必定是个句子,反之亦然;若连接的是几个动词,这几个动词也必定是同一时态或同一形式。例如:English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it?Yes. _ more wor
8、ds and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known【分析】因为第二个and后面是一个句子,所以前面也必定是一个句子,但前面这个句子没有主语,只能选用动词原形,构成一个祈使句,因此,正确答案是A。又如:On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, _ some bananas and visited her cousin.A. bought B. buying C. t
9、o buy D. buy【分析】因为and后面是过去式visited,前面也必定是动词的过去式,所以正确答案是A。注意标点符号标点有时对我们做题有提示作用,不同的标点可能导致选不同的答案,同学们做题时,一定要小心。例如:There are eight tips in Dr. Rogers lectureA. doesnt go B. not to go C. not going D. dont go【分析】此题很容易选B,认为是用不定式作表语。其实,冒号已经表明后面是Dr. Roger讲的原话,这原话应当是个句子,只有选D才构成一个否定形式的祈使句。熟记固定搭配在平时的学习中注意积累一些常见的
10、固定句式、动词与副词的搭配、名词与形容词的搭配等等,对做题十分有利。例如:Mr. Smith used to smoke _ but he has given it up.A. seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly【分析】因为指烟瘾或酒瘾很重,要用heavy或heavily,所以要选B。此外,雨雪下得“大”、烟雾“浓”、交通“拥挤”、波涛“汹涌”等,也用heavy。排除思维定势有些试题的题干,看上去好像就是固定搭配,我们高兴地完成后,自以为十分有把握,结果却做错了。所以当我们越是遇到十分熟悉的所谓固定搭配时,越要从句子结构上或者句子意思上仔细分析,以免
11、步入命题人设计的陷阱。例如:Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.A. to invent B. inventingC. to have invented D. having invented【分析】考生头脑中有consider doing这一思维定势,易误选D,而题干用了被动语态,为动词不定式作主语补足语的结构。因不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前,用了不定式的完成式,故最佳答案为C。检查有无谓语有时看似有两个句子,于是就选连词,正好掉进命题人设计的陷阱。事实上,有时貌似句子的“句子”却没有谓语,其中的动词只是一个
12、非谓语动词(多为分词)。例如:He wrote five novels, two of _ translated into English.A. it B. them C. which D. that【分析】此题很容易误选答案C,以为后面是非限制性定语从句。事实上,translated是过去分词,而不是谓语动词,后面不是句子,无需连词,所以正确答案是B。若在translated前加上were,were translated就是谓语,这时就选连词which了。查看有无连词若经查实,前后的确是两个句子,就要看其中的一个分句是否已经用了连词。若已经有连词,一般不再用连词;若还没有用连词,就一定要选连
13、词。例如:If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, _means many more people in the world can enjoy it.A. as B. which C. what D. that【分析】因为前句已经有连词if,所以选答案D,that指前句所述内容。若没有if,就选B,which引导一个非限制性定语从句。识别相似句型有的句型十分相似,若不仔细分辨,明察秋毫,很容易出错。例如:_ is known to everybody, light travels much faster than so
14、und.A. It B. As C. That D. What【分析】此题选B,as引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是后面整个句子。若将逗号改为that,就选A,it是形式主语,that引导主语从句;若接着又在that前加上一个is,则应选D,what引导的是主语从句,that引导的是表语从句。正确把握语境有时孤立地看留空格的那个句子,好像多个答案都可以,但与上下句的意思联系起来,就会发现问题。因此,做题时一定要正确把握语境。例如:I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _.A. everything B. anyth
15、ing C. something D. nothing【分析】此题很容易误选B,因为这是个否定句。若选B,I dont agree with anything.就等于I agree with nothing (of what you said),这就与前一分句的意思发生矛盾了。正确答案应该是A。分析逻辑关系根据复合句和并列句的知识,句子与句子之间有着不同的逻辑关系,或是从属关系,或是并列关系。从句子的意义和逻辑关系来看,从句可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、目的、比较、方式等,句子之间还可以是限定关系、同位关系、并列关系、递进关系、让步关系、转折关系等。分析句子之间的逻辑关系的主要依据是句意和上下
16、文之间的逻辑。如:I dont mind drop in at your house when in town. _, the walk will do me good.A. Sooner or later B. Still C. In time D. Besides【分析】根据句意,第二个分句表示递进关系,用Besides。故最佳答案为 D。排除错误答案在比较几个选项时,可以先排除明显错误的选项,尽而逐渐排除其他错误项,找到最佳答案。Before the operation, the doctor had to talk to the patient in order to remove her fear _ she might die during the operation.A. when B. that C. which D. so that【分析】从两个分句之间的关系判断,没有因果关系,可先排除so that;由于第 2 个分句 中不缺少句子成分,又排除了定语从句即选项A和C,只有B为最佳答案。fear 之后的that引导同位语从句,对fear的内容进行补充和说明。
©2010-2024 宁波自信网络信息技术有限公司 版权所有
客服电话:4008-655-100 投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100