Chinese-Mythology中国神话.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,*,Chinese Mythology,中国神话,Made by,张钦贤、刘用博,目录,The origin and features of Chinese ancient myths,Some examples of Chinese ancient myths,The comparisons between Chinese and Greek myths,Some characters and symbols in Chinese ancient myths,1,2,3,4,The origin and features of Chinese ancient myths,1,The Origin,Chinese myth was the product of ancient sages imaginations,which can conquer the nature and dominate the nature.,Chinese myth mainly talked about the origin of human being,everything in nature,and tribal fights,etc.It reflected the ancient living surroundings,conditions and cultural developments.,Chinese culture derived from The Yellow River basin,（黄河流域）,so it could be said that Chinese myth was based on the closed inland culture,（内陆文化）,.,Historical Background,1,、,China has one of the world,s oldest civilizations.,2,、,Confucius influenced Chinese society through his teaching,philosophy and writings.,3,、,Since some of the works were destroyed,scholars collected oral myths,legends,and folktales from the common people in an attempt to resuscitate the traditional literary heritage.,The Features,Although Chinese myth had appeared in the Late Paleolithic Age,（旧石器时代）,the stories passed down were just a few and unsystematic because of many reasons.,Many of them were written in,ShanHaiChing,（山海经）,HuaiNanTzu,（淮南子）,and other ancient literatures,such as,Jingwei,Reclamation,（精卫填海）,Yu Gong Remove the Mountains,（愚公移山）,.,On the other hand,Chinese myths self-creation was much more significant than Greek myth.Because of its inland culture,Chinese myth was influenced very little by other cultures.,The Classification,T,hree parts in general:,1.creation myth,创世神话,Nvwa Created Man(女娲造人）,2.hero myth 英雄神话,Houyi Shooting the Sun(后羿射日),3.war myth 战争神话Yellow Emperor Tackled Human-God,(黄帝擒蚩尤),Some examples of Chinese ancient myths,2,Pang Gu Separates the Sky from the Earth(,盘古开天,),According to legend,in the beginning of the world,the heaven and earth were integrated into one body that is just like an egg.And in the“egg”,Pangu,slept for thousands of years.One day he suddenly woke up.Opening his eyes,he found everything was invisible.Angrily,he grasped an axe and wielded it with an effort.The heaven and the earth started to split.He feared that the heaven and the earth got integrated into one body again.So he decided to hold the heaven with his hands and feet.,PangGu,Separates the Sky from the Earth(,盘古开天,),Thousands of years passed,the heaven and the earth finally separated,but,Pangu,fell down exhaustedly.When he died,his breath turned into the wind and cloud,his voice turned into the thunder;his eyes turned into the sun and the moon.His four limbs and body became the four quadrants of the globe,(,大地上的东、西、南、北四极,),and his blood became the rivers and his muscle and bones became the layers of the earth.His flesh became the soil,his hairs and furs became the stars,flowers and trees.,Pangu,created the rich and beautiful world with his body.,Nuwa,created man(,女娲造人,),It is said that,Nuwa,existed in the beginning of the world.She was a goddess had human face with a snake-like body.She felt lonely as there were no animals so she began the creation of animals and humans.On the first day she created chickens.On the second day she created dogs.On the third day she created sheep.On the fourth day she created pigs.On the fifth day she created cows.On the sixth day she created horses.On the seventh day she began creating men from yellow clay.,Nuwa,created man(,女娲造人,),One day,she found the men she originally created has been hair snow-white and died.,Looked at this kind of situation,she felt worry.So,Nuwa,divided human into men and women,so that human can also cooperate,reproduce.Because human is god-like creature,not equal with animals,so she again established marriage system which is different from animals promiscuity-after(,产生后代,).,The bird Jing Wei trying to fill up the sea(,精卫填海,),Once upon a time,there was a cute little fairy,named baby girl,she was the youngest daughter of Emperor Yan,and Emperor Yan loved her very much.Baby girl wanted to visit the sun rises place the east sea.But her father was too busy to take her there.One day she sailed a boat to the east sea.Farther and farther away from land,sea waves were more and more big and her boat capsized.,The bird Jing Wei trying to fill up the sea(,精卫填海,),Just before she was buried by the surging waves,her spirit turned into a beautiful bird.As it flew over the roaring sea,it cried sadly in the sound,jinwei,jingwei,.That was why people called it“,Jingwei,.,The bird lived on a mountain near the sea.It hated the sea so much that it decided to fill it up.Every day,it flew between the mountain and the sea,carrying a twig(,细枝,)or a pebble(,卵石,)from the mountain and dropping it into the sea.,The comparisons between Chinese and Greek myths,3,Greek Myth,The history of Greece is shorter,and Greek myth produced later than Chinese myth.It produced in about eleventh century BC.Although the Greek myth developed a little late,it didnt cause backward culture.In about 8 BC,Greek myth was written in Theogony(,神谱,),Homer Epic(,荷马史诗,),and other literatures.,Because the Greek Myth absorbed much from other cultures,it was perfectly complete and systematic.And it was more open than Chinese myth.,Comparison,Differences,Chinese myth,Greek myth,Time,Before 1,700,000 years,About 11 century BC,Value,Collectivism Virtue,(,集体主义,),Individualism Virtue,(,个人主义,),Worship,Totem,Human being,Conception of Love,Conservative among Ethics,Open-minded Personal,Conception of Nature,Oneness of Man and Nature,Contradiction between Man and Nature,Comparison,Jade Emperor,（玉皇大帝）,Job:the king of Chinese gods,Wife:the Queen of heaven,Appearance:a little old,Pursuit:to do something to,benefit people.,Zeus,（宙斯）,Job:the king of Greek gods,Wife:seven wives and many lovers.,Appearance:elegant,graceful,and beautiful,Pursuit:to use the terrible lightning and thunder to govern the other gods.,C,onclusion,Both the Chinese and Greeks use myth to explain the world when they could not understand it.Thus,myth is the most concentrated and unique embodiment of national spirit,and it is the most ancient and solid root of life,it is also essential characteristic of national culture.There are still many other cultural differences between Chinese and Greek myth.But in a word,Chinese myth lays more emphasis on morality and it is conservative,while Greek myth emphasis strength and it is open.The analysis of cultural differences between Chinese and Greek myth will help us understand the literary outputs of Western countries further,and can promote our cultural exchanges with Western countries.,Some characters and symbols in Chinese ancient myths,4,Three Emperors(,三皇,),Fuxi,(,伏羲,),、,Shennong,(,神农,),、,Nuwa,(,女娲,),Five Sovereigns,(,五帝,),The Five Emperors were legendary,morally perfect sage-kings.According to the Records of the Grand Historian,they were:,The Yellow Emperor(,黄帝,),Zhuanxu,(,颛顼,),Ku(,喾,),Yao(,尧,),Shun(,舜,),Eight Immortals(,八仙,),He,Xiangu,(,何仙姑,),Cao,Guojiu,(,曹国舅,),Tie,Guaili,(,铁拐李,),Lan,Caihe,(,蓝采和,),Lu,Dongbin,(,吕洞宾,),Han,Xiangzi,(,韩湘子,),Zhang,Guolao,(,张果老,),Han Zhongli(,汉钟离,),Symbols in Chinese ancient myths,1,、The dragon is the repersentative of the,C,hinese nation,it is the symbol of China.,2,、,Phoenix(,凤凰,),is on behalf of woman,it is the auspicious sign(祥瑞,).,The Four Symbols(,四象,),Qng,Lng,：,Azure dragon of the east.,Xun,W,：,Black tortoise of the north.,Bi,H,：,White tiger of the west.,Zh,Qu,：,Vermilion bird of the south,The main works of Chinese mythology,Shanhaijing,山海经,The songs of Chu,楚辞,Tianwen,天问,Huainanzi,淮南子,The Book of Songs,诗经,Mandarin,国语,The commentary of,Zuo,左传,Zhuangzi,庄子,Liezi,列子,等先秦古籍、纬书,A video about Chinese mythology,Thanks For,Watching!,