河南省开封高中2025年英语高三上期末学业质量监测试题.doc

河南省开封高中2025年英语高三上期末学业质量监测试题
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．Students are always interested in finding out _______ they can go with a new teacher.
A．how far B．how soon C．how often D．how long
2．While his approach was a complete ________ from established practices, the result was satisfactory.
A．separation B．prohibition C．departure D．judgment
3．He isn’t such a man ______ he used to be.
A．who B．whom
C．that D．as
4．—— What was wrong? Why didn’t you go to the picnic as scheduled?
—— I’m sorry. I _________ a seriously-injured old man to the hospital.
A．would deliver B．delivered
C．had delivered D．was delivering
5．The influence of this book might not have been reaching so far, ________for Mr. William, who dared to publish it.
A. if had it not been B． is it not being C． had it not been D. its only having been
6．One is expected to behave _________ on some special occasions
A．accurately B．precisely C．appropriately D．rightly
7．Maria is constantly making efforts, she deserves the goal of entering the key university.
A．achieving B．to achieve C．being achieved D．to be achieve
8．Many teachers like surfing the Internet, ________ they may find a lot of useful videos about teaching.
A．which B．where
C．when D．that
9．The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the inside.
A．whose B．where
C．when D．which
10．Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within ______ of children.
A．stretch B．expand C．reach D．extend
11．I have no doubt that Anna will ________ it, but I wonder whether she is really ready enough.
A．dig B．hit C．make D．lift
12．One of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recognize a problem ________ it becomes an emergency.
A．when B．before
C．after D．unless
13．Our English teacher , having explained to us how to design a project, allowed us a whole week’s preparation and then ______the class.
A．to dismiss B．dismissed
C．dismissing D．having dismissed
14．--- Why didn’t you help the little boy?
--- Oh, he had struggled to his feet ______ I could run over and offered any help.
A．before B．after
C．when D．since
15．Keep up your spirits even if you _____ fail hundreds of times.
A．must B．need
C．may D．should
16．Country people don't pretend to have these ridiculous manners which are necessary _____ we call polite society．
A．what B．in what
C．which D．in which
17．These new books are a very welcome _________ to the school library.
A．addition B．arrival C．attitude D．audience
18．—According to my mother, it is a good idea to have some chicken soup when you have a cold．
—_____, scientists agree with her．
A．Sooner or later B．Once in a while
C．Believe it or not D．To be exact
19．Instead of making choices for their children, liberal parents usually say, “Go where you ________ .”
A．will B．should
C．can D．must
20．Despite the knowledge he has accumulated, He Jiang continues to be troubled by the question of the unequal_______ of scientific knowledge throughout the world.
A．advocate B．distribution
C．allocation D．division
第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
21．（6分） On the banks of Tanzania’s Lake Eyasi lives the world’s last hunter-gatherer tribe (部落) — the Hadza. They don’t grow food, raise animals or build houses. Instead they live a life unchanged for more than ten thousand years.
Their world is one of complete freedom — something modern society can barely imagine and is unlikely to ever experience, let alone have the skills to stay alive. Text messages and phone calls don’t exist. Nor do cars and electricity. No jobs, timetables, and social structures. No laws, taxes and unbelievably, no money — the closest thing to currency (交易) is the trade for a pair of shorts with a neighboring tribe.
We spent our time with the Hadza hunting baboons (狒狒), a daily activity for the men. Their land is packed with sharp bushes, poisonous snakes and man-eating lions. But a successful hunting trip is the difference between eating or going hungry.
The Hadza diet consists mainly of honey, fruit and meat. Men often hunt in pairs to shoot animals with bows and arrows. The Hadza show us how to track animals, from baboons to snakes to lions. They are hugely skilled with their handmade bows and arrows — we have a go and barely get the arrow to go three feet in front of us.
The language of the Hadza is believed to be the oldest still-spoken language known to man. The Hadza don’t have conflict, and have no memory of starvation Their population never reaches numbers that cannot be supported through hunting or gathering. They never get from their land more than they need.
Unlike modern-day office workers, the Hadza enjoy an extraordinary amount of free time. Their “work” — hunting for food — takes up around five hours of their day. They’ve been in such a state of peaceful existence for thousands of years.
1、We can learn from the text that the Hadza_______.
A．lead a very simple life
B．live on traditional agriculture
C．have their own system of currency
D．show a lot of interest in new technology
2、Which of the following can describe the Hadza’s environment?
A．Stressful.
B．Comfortable.
C．Exciting.
D．Dangerous.
3、The relationship between the Hadza and nature_______.
A．is going wrong
B．is full of conflict
C．is in perfect harmony
D．is changing all the time
4、Why does the author come to visit the Hadza?
A．To study their native language.
B．To get to know their way of life.
C．To learn survival skills from them.
D．To persuade them to protect animals.
22．（8分）If you make a list of the world’s top ten most challenging job, chances are that being a teacher will not make the cut. But think about the daunting task millions of educators face each day as they try to mold a group of often surly, unruly kids into intelligent, well-rounded individuals. That surely has to be the toughest job in the world, especially given that there is no promotion or bonus awaiting them even if they are wildly successful!
What if these all-important individuals that we often take for granted disappear from our lives? That was what Project Ed and Participant Media's Teach campaign asked filmmakers of all ages to envision for their recently held contest. Entitled, "A World Without Teachers," its intent was to inspire more young people to become teachers. However, the 62 amazing video submissions also serve as a reminder of how grim things would be if we didn't have these selfless individuals guiding us through life. What was interesting is that even the youngest contestants did not appear to rejoice at the idea of not having anybody telling them what to do.
High-school student Savannah Wakefield pondered if art as we know it today would have been different without teachers. Would Monet have discovered his talent for impressionism? Los Angeles-based Miles Horst, who won the 1,000 USD prize for the best adult submission imagines a world where teachers are replaced by a 'brain box' in his fun animated entry.
Youth category winner Marina Barham's video depicts a fact we all know but often forget. Teachers don't just teach, they inspire - something that no electronic device, no matter how smart, can do! So the next time you think your teacher is being "mean" for trying to channel you in the right direction, imagine a life without him/her. We have a feeling it will not appear as rosy!
1、What is the passage mainly about?
A．The campaign to promote teachers' status.
B．The significance cf teachers.
C．A survey of people's views about teachers.
D．The possibility of a world where teachers are replaced.
2、From the passage we can learn that_____.
A．teaching naughty kids is a very discouraging task
B．being a teacher is one of the most challenging jobs in the world
C．a successful teacher has the greatest chance to be promoted
D．teachers have little influence on kids' individual development
3、What is the purpose of the project “A World Without Teachers”?
A．To attract kids to submit more videos of their teachers.
B．To expect teachers to devote themselves to their jobs.
C．To remind students to appreciate teachers' hard work.
D．To encourage more people to go into teaching career.
4、What can we infer from the underlined sentence?
A．Teaching is quite different from other jobs.
B．The future of teachers' work appears inspiring.
C．A world without teachers will be unimaginable.
D．Many people attach more importance to teaching.
23．（8分） Babies have an astonishing talent that adults entirely lose. By the age of one, they can recognise the significant noises around them and group them into a language. When we have lost this capacity as adults, it becomes enormously difficult to distinguish between sounds that are glaringly different to a native speaker. It all sounds Greek to us. This is because the range of possible sounds that humans use to convey meaning may be as high as 2,000, but few languages use more than 100 and even then the significant noises－the phonemes (音素) of a language－each cover a range of sounds and so vague distinctions which would change the meaning of a word in other languages.
But where do these phonemes come from and why do they shift over time? New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet. This is unexpected. We’d rather think of language as product of our thought, rather than of the arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.
Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齿音)－those such as f and v－that are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal languages use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (辅音) are much more common. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So farmers grew up with smaller lower jaws and more of an overbite than their ancestors who had to bite through harder foods. It became easier for them to make the labiodental consonants instead of purely labial (唇音) ones: one example is that f come to take the place of p. Romans said “pater” but English speakers (unless they’re Rees－Moggs) say “father”.
Beyond these particular changes, the story highlights the way in which everything distinctively human is both material and spiritual: speech must combine sound and meaning, and the meaning can ’t exist or be transmitted without a real object. But neither can it be reduced to the purely physical, as our inability to understand or even to recognise foreign languages makes clear. The food we eat shapes our jaws, and our jaws in turn shape the sounds of our language. The ease with which we eat probably shapes our thought too, as anyone who has suffered toothache could testify. What we eat may have shaped the sounds of our language, but how we eat changes how we feel and what we use language to express. A family meal is very different from a sandwich at the office desk, even if the calorie is the same. Food has purposes and meanings far beyond keeping us alive and pleasing the Palate (味觉).
1、Compared with adults, babies could more easily .
A．create significant noises B．classify the forms of noises
C．understand the Greek language D．distinguish meaningful sounds
2、According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape language?
A．Lips and teeth. B．Jobs and habits.
C．Age and regions. D．Food and thinking.
3、The reason for farmers' making sounds of “f” and “v” is .
A．enjoying more cooked foods B．biting more with front teeth
C．constantly chewing harder foods D．growing up with lager lower jaws
4、By writing this passage, the author intends to reveal .
A．jaws help shape our thought
B．food determines our thought
C．diet has some influence on language
D．language consists of sound and meaning
24．（8分）The researchers say a person loses two months for every kilogram overweight they are— and seven years for smoking a packet of cigarettes a day.
Unusually, the Edinburgh university team found their answers by analysing differences in people’s genetic code or DNA．Finally they think it will show new ways of helping us to live longer.
The group used the genetic code of more than 600, 000 people who are taking part in a natural experiment. If someone smokes, drinks, drops out of school and is overweight, it can be difficult to identify the impact of one specific unhealthy behavior.
Instead, the researchers turned to the natural experiment. Some people carry mutations(变异) in their DNA that increase(食欲) or make them more likely to put on weight, so researchers were able to compare those programmed to eat more with those who were not. The research team also found specific mutations in human DNA that alter lifespan (寿命).
●Mutations in a gene (a set of instructions in DNA) that is involved in running the immune system could add seven months of life on average.
●People with a mutation that increased levels of bad cholesterol knocked eight months off lifespan.
●A rare mutation in a gene—APOE—linked to dementia reduced lifespan by 11 months.
●And one that made smoking more appealing cut lives by five months.
Dr Joshi says that while genes do influence lifespan, “you’ve got even more influence” through the choices you make. Dr Joshi said, “We hope to discover genes affecting lifespan to give us new information about ageing and construct treatment tor ageing.”
There are also some disease mutations that clearly affect lifespan and to destructive effect, such as the Huntington’s gene. People with Huntington’s often die in their 20s.
However, in order to follow people until the end of their lives, many of the people studied were born before 1940.
1、What is the most difficult for the researchers to find?
A．The differences in people’s genetic code.
B．The reasons why people put on weight very easily.
C．The results of many natural and massive experiments.
D．One bad behaviour’s effect on people with many bad behaviours.
2、Which of the following mutations affects lifespan most greatly?
A．One linked to controlling immune system.
B．One increasing unhealthy cholesterol.
C．One called APOE involved in dementia.
D．One making smoking more attractive.
3、What’s the meaning of Dr Joshi’s study?
A．To help stop mutations. B．TO find diseases earlier.
C．TO make people live longer. D．TO reduce the effects of genes.
4、Why did researchers mainly study people born before 1940?
A．To follow them unti