1、精品文档,2017,年九年级英语上册第二单元知识点,U2T1SA,1 The flwers and grass have gne.,花儿和草都消失啦。,g,在此处为不及物动词,意为“不复存在,不见了,丢,失,失窃”。,e.g.y new bike has gne.I ant find it.,我的新自行车不见了,我找不到它了。,2,Lk,there,are,several,heial,fatries,puring,waste,water int the strea.,看,有几个化学工厂正把废水排入河流中呢。,a.,There,be,+,sth.,/sb.,ding,sth.,为固定句型,
2、意为,“有某人或某物正在做某事”。,e.g.,Lk!,There,is,a,little,girl,rying,in,the,street,瞧!有个小女孩正在街上哭。,b.pur.int,把倒入。,e.g.,Please,pur,the,sugar,int,a,up.,请把糖倒入杯里。,.waste ad.,废弃的,无用的,丢弃的。,n.,浪费,废弃物,e.g.a waste f tie,浪费时间。,v.,浪费,e.g.waste nes wrds,白费口舌。,1,/,17,精品文档,U2T1SB,1,breathe,v.,意为“呼吸”,名词是,breath,,注意不同,词性时单词的拼写。,e
3、g.e breathe fresh air,我们呼吸新鲜的空气。,yu an see yur breath n a very ld day.,你可以在寒冷的天看到你的呼吸。,breathe,in,吸入,,breathe,ut,呼出,,hld,nes,breath,屏住呼吸,,take a(deep)breath(,深深地,),吸一口气。,2,prdue,v.,在此意为“产生,造成,引起”,表示结,果。,注意:,prdue,一般侧重工业生产,农业产品,也包括创,造脑力劳动产品,而,ake,含义很广,没有具体限制生产何种,产品。,e.g.,The,writer,prdues,a,new,nvel
4、every,year.,、,这位,作家每年写一本新小说。,A hen prdues eggs.,母鸡产蛋。,Ts ther is aking a ake fr hi.,汤姆的妈妈在为他做蛋糕。,3 in a bad d,意为“心情差”;,in a gd d,意为“心情好”。,e.g.He is in a bad d tday.,2,/,17,精品文档,他今天心情差,4,ant,bear,sth./ding,sth.,意为“不能容忍某事,/,做,某事。,”,e.g.I ant bear the pain.,我受不了这疼痛。,I ant bear staying up s late.,这么晚不睡
5、觉我受不了。,5 hpe v.,希望。,hpe+,从句,e.g.I hpe(that)yu an e,beause yu are iprtant t e.,我希望你能,因为你对我说很重要。,hpe t d sth.,希望做某事。,e.g.I hpe t see yu at the party.,我希望在聚会上见到你。,n.,希望。,e.g.,ny,failed,in,the,petitin,but,he,never,gave up his hpe.,乔尼比赛输了,但他从不放弃希望。,注:,wish,sb.,t,d,sth.,希望某人做某事,但不能说,hpe,sb.t d sth.,6 t an
6、y+,可数名词复数,:,太多的,t uh+,不可数名词:,太多的,uh t+ad/adv,:,太,3,/,17,精品文档,7,be,harful,t,sb./sth.,对某人或某物有害。,e.g.,Sweet,fd,is,harful,t,hildrens,teeth.,甜食对孩子的牙齿,有害。,Drinking t uh wine is harful t health.,嗜酒对健康有害。,U2T1S,1 Hwever,nt all peple knw nise is als a kind f,pllutin,然而,不是所有的人都会自动噪音也是一种污染,nt,all,.,此结构表示部分否定,意
7、为“不是所有,的”。,nt,与,bth,all,,,every,以及,every,的派生词连用,时表示部分否定。,e.g.Nt everybdy likes playing basketball,不是所有的人都爱打篮球。,而,neither,,,nne,,,nthing,nbdy,,,n,ne,等用表示全部,否定。,e.g.Nne f y friends likes swiing,我的朋友中没有一个人喜欢游泳。,2,lse,nes,hearing,意为“丧失听力”,同义短语是:,have,hearing,lss,。,e.g.,Beethven,lst,his,hearing,at,the,ag
8、e f 50.,3 quite a few,许多,大量。,4,/,17,精品文档,e.g.,There,are,quite,a,few,ld,peple,living,in,this,area.,这个地区住着许多老年人。,4,Reently,it,was,reprted,that,any,teenagers,in,Aeria an hear n better than 65-year-ld peple d,最近,据报道在美国很多青少年的听力跟,65,岁的老人,差不多,a.,reently,最近,指过去不久的某一时刻,和一般过,去时连用;指过去不久到现在的一段时间,和现在完成时,连用。,e.g.
9、I havent heard f her reently.,最近我没听到她的消息。,b.,it,is,reprted,据报道,it,is,said,据说,这两个短语,均表示其后为引用内容。,.n better than.,意为“和,(,几乎,),一样坏”。,e.g.His psitin is n better than ine.,他的作和我的一样差。,4 d(great)har t.,对有,(,很大,),害处,此处,har,为名词。相当于,be,harful,t,.,意为“对有害的”。,e.g.,Reading,in,the,sun,is,harful,t,yur,eyes.,=,Readin
10、g,in the sun des har t yur eyes.,在太阳底下阅读对眼睛是有害的。,5,/,17,精品文档,5,inluding,prep.,包括,包含在内。,e.g.,Ten,ebers,were present at the eeting,inluding yself.,包括我自己在内的,10,个人出席了会议。,inlude v.,包括,包含。,e.g.,The,prie,inludes,bth,the,huse,and,furniture.,这个价格包括房子和里面的家具。,U2T1SD,1.,Burning,gas,il,al,reates,air,pllutin.,燃烧气
11、体、石油和煤都会造成空气污染。,reate v.,造成,创造,reative ad.,创造性的,reatin n.,创造;创造物,2.In the fields,farers use t any,heials whih destry the sil.,在地里,农民使用了太多对土壤起破坏作用的化肥和,农药。,3.,T,uh,nise,an,ause,high,bld,pressure,as,well.,噪声,太大也可能导致高血压。,high bld pressure,高血压,as well,也,还,e.g.ere ging t the party tnight.,6,/,17,精品文档,hy
12、dnt yu e alng as well?,4.ith the inrease in ppulatin and the develpent,f industry,litter is everywhere.,随着人口的增加和工业的发展,垃圾到处都是。,5.ith less pllutin,ur planet will bee,greener and ur health will be better.,随着污染的减少,我们的地球将变得更加环,保,我们也会更健康。,U2T2SA,1 hange int.,变成。,e.g.ater has hanged int stea.,水变成了蒸气。,2,stp
13、/prevent,sb./sth.,(fr),ding,sth.,阻止某人,/,某,物做某事,,fr,可以省略。,e.g.,The,heavy,snw,stpped/prevented,the,visitrs,(fr)leaving the tp f the untain.,大雪使游人不得不停留在山顶上。,3,earth,着重指与天空相对的“土地”,还泛指泥土;,sil,要指用于种植庄稼的“土壤”;,grund,主要指大地表,面;,land,着重指与河、湖、海洋相对的陆地。,e.g.Put,the,tree,in,the,hle,and,fill,it,with,earth,7,/,17,精品
14、文档,again.,把树放进坑里,然后用土重新将坑填满。,Light,water,air,and,sil,are,essential,t,plant,life.,光、水,分、空气和土壤对植物生长是不可缺少的。,The bag fell n the grund.,那个包掉到地上了。,A lt f gd lands have gne.,大片的良田消失了。,4 ut dwn,砍倒。,e.g.Dnt ut dwn any trees.,别砍树木。注意:,ut,的现在分词为,utting,过去式和,过去分词均为,ut,。,5,althugh,n.,意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从,句,相当于,thug
15、h,althugh,较正式。,e.g.,Althugh/Thugh,he is very tired,,,he ges n with his wrk.,虽然他很累,但他还继续工作。,He helped us,althugh he didnt knw us.,尽管他不认识我们,但他帮助了我们。注意:在句中,使用,althugh,或,thugh,时,不能同时使用,but,但,althugh/thugh,后可用,yet,或,still,等。,Althugh,the,questin,is,diffiult,he,an,still,answer,8,/,17,精品文档,it.,尽管这个问题很难,他仍能回
16、答上。加强语气时,通常,说,even thugh,,而不说,even althugh,U2T2SB,1 as a result,结果。,e.g.As a result,we were all late fr lass.,结果,我们都迟到了。,as a result f.,由于。,e.g.,As,a,result,f,ill,health,he,uldnt,g,n,wrking,any lnger.,由于健康状况不佳,他不能继续工作了。,2,sething,useful,形容词修饰不定代词时,,要放在所,修饰词的后面,,作后置定语。,sewhere,war,暖和的地方,,nthing seriu
17、s,没什么严重的。,There,is,sething,interesting,in,tdays,newspaper.,今天的报纸上有一些有趣的事。,3 Nne f us likes pllutin.,没人喜欢污染。,Nne,没有一个,,毫无,nne,指三者或三者以上的“没有,,都不”,既可指,“人”也可指“物”,常与,f,连用,既可修饰可数名词,也,可修饰不可数名词。构成“,nne,f+,名词,/,代词”结构,当名,词是不可数名词时,谓语动词用第三人称单数,当名词是,9,/,17,精品文档,复数时,谓语动词用单复数均可。,e.g.,Nne,f,thse,buses,g(es),there.,没
18、有一辆公共汽车去那里。若要表示二者的,“都不”,应该用,neither,。回答以,hw,any/uh,引导的特殊,疑问句表示否定时用,nne;,回答以,wh,引导的特殊疑问句用,n,ne,。,nne,和,n ne,的区别,;,N,ne,1),不与,f,连用;,2),谓语动词用单数;,3),只能指,人,但不具体指什么人;,4),一般用回答,wh,及含,anyne,anybdy,引起的疑问句。,Nne,1),可与,f,连用;,2),谓语动词用单或复数;,3),具体指,什么人或物;,4),一般用回答,hw,any,+n,hw,uh,+n,及含,any,+n,引起的疑问句。,4,here,and,th
19、ere,处处,到处。与,everywhere,同义。,e.g.,Ive,lked,fr,y,key,here,and,there,(everywhere),but I ant find it.,我到处找我的钥匙,但就是找不到。,5,e,shuld,d,everything,we,an,t,prtet,the,envirnent.,我们应该做所有我们能做的事情保护环境。,此句中,we,an,作,everything,的定语,省略了引导词,that,及从句中的谓语,d,意为“一切能做的事情”。,U2T2S,10,/,17,精品文档,1 be gd fr,对有益;,be gd at,擅长。,e.g.
20、Ding rning exerises is gd fr ur health.,做早操对我们的健康有益。,kangkang is gd at swiing.,康康擅长游泳。,2 while n.,而,然而,相当于,but,,表示对比。,e.g.He is a wrker,while I a a teaher.,他是工人而我是教师。,3 rise v.,升起,上涨,上升。,e.g.The sun rises in the east.,太阳从东方升起。,raise v.,使升高,举起。,e.g.Heavy rains raised the fld stage.,暴雨使洪水水位上涨。,U2T2SD,
21、Indefinite prnun and adverb,不定代词和副词,一、构成。,不定代词、副词是由,se,any,n,every,与,thing,ne,bdy,where,等构成。,E.g.sething,sene,nwhere,anybdy,等。,二、用法。,1,通常情况下,由,se,every,加后缀构成的不定代词、,11,/,17,精品文档,副词常用于肯定句;由,any,加后缀构成的不定代词、,副,词常用于疑问句、否定句中。,E.g.yu will find yur bag sewhere.,an yu hear anything?,2.,注意:当说话人希望得到肯定答复,或是表示建议
22、请求等意图时,sething,sebdy,sene,也可以用于疑问句,中。当要表达“任何人;任何事物”时,anything,anybdy,anyne,也可以用于肯定句中。,E.g.uld yu like sething t drink?,Anybdy an d it exept T.,1,1.,Hw,an,we,avid,a,serius,water,shrtage?,我们如何,避免水资短缺呢?,2.we,shuld,disver,ways,t,reuse,water.,我们需要找,到再利用水的方法。,3.Althugh,the,wrld,is,hungry,it,is,even,thir
23、stier.,虽然世界是饥饿的,但是他更渴。,4.hile,nearly,f,the,earth,is,vered,with,water,we,are,still,shrt,f,drinking,water.,尽管地球差不,多四分之三都被水覆盖,我们仍然缺少饮用水。,nearly,与,alst,区别,:,12,/,17,精品文档,alst,多表示时间、程度、距离、进度,,且,alst,可以,修饰,re,than,t,nthing,nbdy,nwhere,n,ne,nne,never,等词,,nearly,则不行。,nearly,只与,nt,连用。,e.g.I have alst never s
24、een hi.,I,nearly,didnt,hear,what,the,teaher,said,in,lass.,U2T3SA,1,wrk,fr,.,为工作,为坚持不懈地努,力。,e.g.e shuld wrk fr peae.,我们应该为和平而努力。,2.enurage sb.t d sth.,鼓励某人做某事,3 srt v.,整理,归类,分拣。,e.g.srt letters,分拣信件。,n.,种类,相当于,kind,。,4,连词,r,and,but,和,while,的用法,表示并列关系,用,and,表转折,用,but,while,表选择,用,r,U2T3SB,13,/,17,精品文档,
25、1,ught,t,情态动词,无人称和时态变化,后接动词原,形,意为“应该,应当”。,e.g.e ught t be plite t the ld.,我们应该尊敬老人。,否定形式为:,ught,nt,t,d,sth.=,ughtnt,t,d,sth.,不应,该做某事。,e.g.yu ught nt t tell her the bad news.,你不应该告诉她这条坏消息。,2 Its s easy t be a greener persn.,成为一个更环保的人如此简单。,It,is/was+ad.,+,t,d,sth.,句型中的,it,是形式主语,真,正的主语是,t,be,a,greener,
26、persn,。类似的句型有,It,is/was+ad.+f+fr,sb.,t,d,sth.,。当用形容词描述人的性,格、特征、品质时,通常选用,f,这类形容词有,gd,kind,nie,wise,lever,flish,right,wrng,areful,等。,e.g.Its nie f yu t e.,你能实在太好了。,当形容词用描述事物的性质、特征时,通常选用,fr,这类形容词有,easy,diffiult,hard,iprtant,neessary,pssible,interesting,等。,e.gIts,very,iprtant,fr,everyne,t,prtet,the,14,/
27、17,精品文档,envirnent.,对每一个人说,保护环境都很重要。注意:原句不可,以改为,T,d,that,is,kind,f,yu.,因为,kind,是说明,yu,的特征,的,但它可以改写为:,yu are kind t d that.,U2T3S,1,hld,v.,有多种含义。,a.,容纳,包含,eg.,The,plane,hlds,abut,300,passengers.,这架飞机可容纳大约,300,名乘,客。,b.,拿着,抓住,抱,eg.He was hlding the bby in his ars.,他抱着婴儿。,.,召开,举行,进行,(,比赛,会议等,),。,eg.The
28、lypi Gaes are held every fur years.,奥运会每四年举行一次,d.(,打电话时,),等待,不挂断。,eg.Hld n,please.,请等一下。,2,Its,key,disadvantage,is,that,the,press,requires,a lng tie(up t 30 days)and the st is high.,它最大的缺陷是生产过程需要很长时间(长达,30,天),和成本高。,press n.,步骤,过程,v.,加工,处理,require v.,需要,需求,15,/,17,精品文档,3 require,有两种用法:,*require(ding)
29、sth.,表示主语“该,.,了”。,如:,The flr requires washing.,地板该洗了。,*be required t d sth.,表示主语必须(被要求),.,如,:Students are required t attend lasses.,学生必须按规定上课。,4 run ut,用完,耗尽,E.g.,He,has,run,ut,f,fd,s,his,hildren,are,hungry.,U2T3SD,1 dry,ad.,干燥的,雨少的,干性的,v.,使干,弄干,擦干,2 ay I have yur attentin,please?,大家请注意!,用引起大家注意的常用语
30、也可以用,Attentin,please.,3,n,tie,按时,准时,表示在事先安排或规定的时间,内。,e.g.,Please,finish,yur,hewrk,n,tie.,请按时完成作,业。,in tie,及时,,(,埃及:,I,开头的是及时,),表示在规定时间内,得及。,e.g.,Please,get,t,the,statin in tie,r well iss the train.,请及时到达车站,否则我们将错过这列火车。,16,/,17,精品文档,4,ake,sure+,从句,确信,确定。,e.g.,ake,sure,yu,have,had,breakfast,when,yu,g,t,shl.,上学之前,一定要吃,早餐。,ake,sure,f.,弄清楚,确信,e.g.,ake,sure,f the tie and plae.,弄清时间和地点。,17,/,17,






