019-2020年七年级英语下册Unit2Neighours知识点和练习无答案新版牛津版112.pptx

2019-2020,年七年级英语下册,Unit2Neighours,知识点和练习无答案,新版牛津版,一、知识点详解,A:,词汇及词组,名词（,n.,）,neighbour(neig,邻居,visitor,访问者,hbor),munity,problem,college,manager,policeman,station,post,社区,问题,skill,engineer,fire,技能,工程师,火,学院,经理,office,办公室,邮递员,警察局,邮局,警察,postman,局，所，站,邮政,police station,post office,job,person,future,notice,group,人,工作,未来,artist,艺术家,信息,布告，通知,组,information,动词（,v.,）,fix,修理,check,shall,检查,情态动词（,modal v.,）,将，将会,will,将，将会,联系动词（,linking v.,）,sound,听起来,形容词（,adj.,）,愿意帮忙的，有用的,helpful,lucky,sick,broken,elder,损坏了的,年纪较长的,更好，较好,幸运的,生病的,better,介词（,prep.,）,像，类似；,.,怎么样,like,不定代词（,pron.,）,anything,something,someone,某事，某物,某人,任何事,任何人,anyone,副词（,adv.,）,below,下面,词组,1.in your,在你们社区,/,邻里,neighbourhood,2.a munity centre,一个社区中心,3.share their different skills,4.help sb.with sth.,分享他们的一技之长,帮助某人（做）某事,5.be ready to do sth.,6.do some shopping,7.wait for ones call,8.the day after tomorrow,9.plan a day out,准备好做某事,购物,等某人的电话,后天,计划一日出行,生火,10.make a fire,11.her elder brother/sister,12.in the future,她的哥哥,/,姐姐,在将来,13.help sick people,14.look at the information below,15.make you feel better,16.worry about,帮助病人,看下面的信息,让你感觉身体更好,担心,17.all our group members,18.give sb.some ideas,19.by,我们组的所有成员,给某人出些主意,乘火车,/,公共汽车,/,船,/,骑自行车,train/bus/ship/bike,20.know a lot about,非常了解,C:,词汇精讲及几句,一、词汇精讲,1.like,like,作介词，意为,“,像；与,相似,”,，对应的反义词为,unlike,。短语,look like,表示,“,看起来像,”,。,例如：,Draw it like this!,照这样画！,She looks like her mother.,她长得像她妈妈。,【拓展】,like,与,as,like,与,as,作介词，都有,“,像,”,的意思。但有一定区别。,（,1,）,like,意为,“,像,一样,”,。用于相似关系，即两者在形态上或性质上有相似之处，,但并不等于2,）,as,意为,“,作为；以,身份,”,。用于说明同一关系，即两者实为一体。,例如：,She talks to me like my mother.,她像我妈妈那样跟我说话。（她不是我妈妈）,She talks to me as a mother.,她以妈妈的身份跟我说话。（她是我妈妈）,2.most of,most,of,意为,“,中的大多数,”,，后面接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；,也可接不可数名词，此时谓语动词用单数形式。,例如：,Most of them are going off to Guangzhou next week.,他们中的多数人都准备下星期去广州。,Most of the water is clean.,大部分水是干净的。,【注意】,most of,后的名词是单数时，谓语动词也用单数形式。,例如：,Most of the apple is red.,这个苹果大部分是红的。,3.something,与,anything,something,作不定代词，意为,“,某事，某物,”,，多用于肯定句中。在疑问句和否定句中常,用,anything,；否定句中常用,nothing,。作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。,anything,还有,“,任,何事物,”,的意思。,例如：,Something happens.,有事发生了。,Id like something to eat.,我想吃点东西。,Is there anything wrong with your bike?,你自行车是不是出问题了,?,Anything is possible.,一切皆有可能。,【注意】（,1,）在很有礼貌的问某人要吃什么和喝什么时，应该使用,something,。这是一种,特殊的用法。,例如：,I feel a bit hungry.,我感觉有点儿饿。,Why dont you have some bread?,吃些面包怎么样,?,Would you like something to drink?,想喝点什么吗？,（,2,）在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用,some,或,something,。在表达,“,任何,”,这一含义时肯定句中常用,any,或,anything,。,例如：,You can get it in any department store.,这东西你在哪个百货商店都买得到。,I believe anything he says.,我相信他所说的任何话。,4.be ready to do sth.,be ready to do sth.,意为,“,准备做某事,/,愿意做某事,”,。,例如：,He is always ready to help others.,他随时准备帮助他人。,Ill be ready to leave.,我准备离开。,【拓展】,be/get ready for,意为,“,为,做准备,”,。,例如：,They are ready for the party.,他们为聚会做好了准备。,All,the,students,are,getting,ready,for,the,sports,meeting.,所有学生都在为运动会,做准备。,5.do some shopping,动词,do,后跟动名词形式构成短语，动名词作,do,的宾语，具有名词性质，可以用,some,或,the,修饰。,例如：,do some reading,阅读,do some washing,洗涮,do some swimming,游泳,do some reading,练习阅读,do some listening,练习听力,6.make a fire,do some cooking,做饭,fire,作不可数名词，意为,“,火,”,。,make a fire,是固定短语，意为,“,生火,”,。,例如：,Keep away with fire.,切勿近火。,We can make a fire to keep the room warm.,我们可以生火让房间温暖起来。,【拓展】由,make,构成的词组有：,make noise,发出噪音,make tea,沏茶,make friends,交朋友,make money,赚钱make a living,谋生,make a sentence,造句,make a decision,决定,7.job,与,work,make trouble,制造麻烦,make the bed,铺床,make a speech,演讲,work,和,job,作名词是同义词，都有,“,工作、职业,”,的意思。不过，它们之间还是有些区别,的。,（,1,）,job,是可数名词，指特定工作。,work,是不可数名词，泛指工作。我们可以说,a job,，,不能说,a work,。,例如：,Peter has a good job in a bank.,彼得在一家银行有份很好的工作。,Tom changed jobs many times.,汤姆换了很多工作。,Looking after three cats is not easy work.,照顾三只猫咪可不是件容易事。,（,2,）上班用英文讲是,go to work,。这是一个固定搭配，我们不能说,go to a job,。,例如：,My father goes to work at 8 am.,我爸爸八点上班。,（,3,）,job,只能用作名词，,work,还可以用作动词，不仅有,“,上班、工作,”,的意思，还可以作,“,努力,”,或,“,从事,”,来讲。,例如：,Both of my parents work.,我父母都工作。,If,you,work,hard,you,will,speak,English,well.,只要你努力，你的英语就会讲得很,好。,8.elder,与,older,elder,为形容词,old,的比较级形式，意为,“,年长的,”,。同时,old,还对应有一个比较级形式,older,，注意二者之间的区别。,【拓展】,older,elder,的区别：,（,1,）,older,通常用于比较两个人的年龄大小或者两个物体之间的新旧程度。,例如：,He is older than his brother.,他比他的兄弟年长。,This book is older than that one.,这本书比那一本旧一些。,（,2,）,elder,专用于同一个家庭成员之间的长幼对比，也有时指职位、身份较高的人，且只,能用于形容人。,例如：,Tom is my elder brother,汤姆是我的哥哥。,You are all elder statesmen,你们都是政治元老,/,资深政客。,9.by train/bus/ship/bike,结构为,“by+,交通工具名称,”,构成表示交通方式的短语，意为,“,乘坐,”,。,例如：,by bike,骑自行车,by taxi,坐出租车,by train,坐火车,【拓展】表示交通方式的其它几种表达,（,1,）用,“by+,交通工具名词,”,表示交通方式。,例如by ca,r,乘小汽车,by bus,乘公共汽车,（,2,）,用,“by+,交通路线的位置,”,来表示交通方式。,例如：,by wate,由水路,by land,从陆路,by sea,从海路,by air,乘飞机,（,3,）,用,“in/on,+,冠词,/,形容词性物主代词,/,指示代词,+,交通工具名词,”,表示交通方式。其,中，,in,多用在,car,等交通工具之前，而,on,多用在,bike/horse/bus/train/ship,等交通工,具之前，它们的用法与,“by+,交通工具名词,”,的用法相同。,例如：,She,often,goes,to,school,on,a/her,bike.=,She,often,goes,to,school,by,bike.,她经常骑自行车上学。,They went there on a bus.=They went there by bus.,他们乘公共汽车去那里。,（,4,）用,“take+a/the+,交通工具名词,”,表示交通方式。,例如：,take,a,train,乘火车,take,a,bus,乘公共汽车,take,a,ship,乘船,take,a,plane,乘飞机,【注意】,“,骑自行车,”,要翻译为,“ride a bike”,。,10.worry about,（,1,）,worry,可用作不及物动词或及物动词。作及物动词时，意为,“,使烦恼，使担忧,”,。作,不及,物动词时，意为,“,发愁，担心，烦恼,”,，常与介词,about,连用。,例如：,Whats worrying you?,什么事使你烦恼？,Dont worry about me.,不要为我担心。,Your parent is ing,dont worry.,你的家长就要来了，不要担心。,（,2,）,worry,about,sb./sth.,意为,“,为某人,/,某事而焦虑、烦恼、担心，担心某人,/,某事,”,。,例如：,Dont worry about me.,不要为我担心。,She worries about little things.,他为一些小事而烦恼。,【拓展】,worry about,与,be worried about,worry about,强调,“,担心,”,的动作，,worry,为动词；,be worried about,侧重,“,担心,”,的状态，,worried,为形容词。,例如：,Your mother will worry about you.,你妈妈会担心你。,Mrs.Brown is always worried about her son.,布朗夫人总是为她的儿子担心。,二、句式精讲,1.Where are you going?,（现在进行时表将来）,be going,此处为,“,现在进行时表将来现在进行时表将来主要用于表示按计划或安排将,要发生的动作，常有,“,意图,”“,安排,”,或,“,打算,”,的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给,人一种期待感。,go,e,leave,等表示位移的动词，都可以用于现在进行时表将来。,例如：,He is going.,他要走了。,Im ing.,我要来了。,Tom is leaving.,汤姆要走了。,2.“be going to+,动词原形,”,表将来,be going to,意为,“,计划，打算,”,，后接动词原形，用于表将来。,例如：,Im going to wash the car if I have time.,若有时间我想洗洗车Where are we going to stay tonight?,我们今晚住哪里？,3.help sb.with sth.,help sb with sth.,意为,“,帮助某人做某事,”,。,例如：,I have to help my parents with the housework.,我得帮助我的父母做家务。,Can you help me with the work?,你能帮助我做这项工作吗？,【拓展】与,help,相关的固定用法：,（,1,）,help sb(to)do sth.,意为,“,帮助某人做某事,”,。,例如：,Sometimes I help my mother do the cooking.,有时候我帮我母亲做饭。,（,2,）,help oneself(to),意为,“,自用（食物）等,”,。,例如：,Help yourself to some fish.,请随便吃些鱼。,（,3,）,with the help of,意为,“,在,的帮助下,”,。此处,help,作名词。,例如：,With,the,help,of,her,he,found,his,lost,child.,在她的帮助下，他找到了他失踪的,孩子。,4.There is something wrong with sth.,句型,There,is,something,wrong,withsth.,意为,“,某物坏（失灵）了,”,。相当于,Something,is not working well.,，还可以用,Something is broken.,替换。,例如：,There is something wrong with my watch.,我的手表坏了。,Here is something wrong with my eyes.,我的眼睛出毛病了。,【拓展】,There is nothing wrong with sth.“,某物没有坏,/,出毛病,”,。,Is there anything wrong with sth.“,某物出故障了吗？,”,例如：,There is nothing wrong with your puter.,你的电脑没问题。,Is there anything wrong with my legs?,我的腿有毛病吗？,5.Youre wele.,Youre wele.,意为,“,不用谢,”,。是对别人致谢时的答语。,与其用法相同的还有：,Thats all right./That s OK./Not at all.,等。,例如：,Thanks for your help.,谢谢你的帮助。,Youre wele.,不用谢。,【拓展】,wele,也可作动词，表示,“,欢迎,”,。,例如：,They weled him with flowers.,他们用鲜花欢迎他的到来。,D:,语法,（一）、基本概念,表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。,例如：,I am going to/will watch a football match on TV this evening,今天晚上我将在电视上看一场足球比赛。,（二）、基本结构,一般将来时的结构一般由,“,助动词,will+,动词原形,”,或,“be going to+,动词原形,”,构成。,will,是助动词，不能独立使用，前面的主语不管是什么人称，其后总用,will,。在名词或代,词后常简缩为,ll,，并与主语连写在一起。,will,的否定形式是,will not,，缩略形式是,wont,。,（三）、时间状语,一般将来时常用的时间状语：,tomorrow,tonight,the day after tomorrow,next week,(month,year,),this,afternoon,evening,soon,in,the,year,xx,in,+,时间段等。,例如：,Tom will e back in two days,汤姆两天后回来。,Ill be more careful from now on,从现在起我会更加小心的。,（四）、基本句型,(1),肯定句,1,）主语,+will+,动词原形,+,其他,He will e here at once,他马上来这儿。,2,）主语,+be going to+,动词原形,+,其他,We are going to climb the hill this afternoon,我们打算今天下午去爬山。,(2),否定句,1,）主语,+will+not+,动词原形,+,其他,He will not(wont)go to the party,他不去参加聚会。,2,）主语,+be+not+going to+,动词原形,+,其他,He isnt going to do morning exercises tomorrow,明天他不去做早操。,(3),一般疑问句,1,）,Will主语,+,动词原形,+,其他,?,Will he help you with your English?,他会帮助你学习英语吗,?,2,）,Be,动词,(Am,，,Is,，,Are)+,主语,+going to+,动词原形,+,其他,?,Are you going to play puter games tomorrow afternoon?,你打算明天下午玩电脑游戏吗,?,(4),特殊疑问句：疑问词,+,一般疑问句,?,What will the students have for lunch today?,学生们今天午饭吃什么,?,They will have bread,他们将吃面包五）、注意的问题,（,1,）主语是第一人称,I;we,时，常用助动词,shall+,动词原形。否定形式是,shall,后加,not,构成，,shall not,可缩写成,shant,。,例如：,We shall be very happy if you accept it.,如果你接受了它，我们将会很高兴。,I shall write you a letter next month.,下个月我会给你写信。,We shant be in the same room all day.,我们不会整天待在同一房间里。,（,2,）在问对方是否愿意,或表示客气的邀请时，常用,will,。,例如：,Will you go to the zoo with me?,你愿意和我去动物园吗？,Will you please open the door?,请打开门好吗？,（,3,）在表示建议或征求对方意见时，用,shall,。,例如：,Shall we go at ten?,我们在,10:00,走好吗？,（六）、,There be,句型与含有,will,和,be going to,的一般将来时,（,1,）,There be,句型与含有,will,的一般将来时基本结构：,There will be+,名词,+,其他成分,例如：,There will be only one country in the future.,未来会只有一个国家。,（,2,）,There be,句型与含有,be going to,的一般将来时基本结构：,There is/are going to be+,名词,+,其他成分,(,注意句型中,going to,后面的,be,不能改为,have,。,),常用来表示将有某事发生。,例如：,There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.,下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。,注意：无论后面加单数名词或名词的复数形式，,be,都必须用原形。,（七）、,be going to,与,will,的区别1,）,be going to,表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，,will,表示的将来时间则较远一些。,例如：,He is going to write a letter tonight.,今晚他打算写一封信。,He will write a book one day.,有一天他会写一本书。,（,2,）,be,going,to,表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，,will,表示客观上将来势必发生,的事情。,例如：,I think our team is going to win the game.,我认为我们队会赢得比赛。,He will be twenty years old next year.,明年他就,20,岁了。,（,3,）,be going to,含有,“,计划，准备,”,的意思，而,will,则没有这个意思。,例如：,Im going to spend my holiday in a village.,我打算在一个小村子里度假。,He will be here in half an hour.,他一小时后到达这里。,（,4,）在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用,be going to,而多用,will,。,例如：,Well have a picnic if my father is free.,如果我父亲有空，我们会去野餐。,（,5,）,be going to,表示根据目前迹象推断将要发生的事情，而在没有迹象表明的情况下进,行的猜测用,“will,和,be going to”,皆可。,例如：,Look at the clouds.Its going to rain.,你看天上的云。快下雨了。,My God!We are going to crash.,天哪！我们快撞车了。,I think the weather will be nice.,I think the weather is going to be nice.,我想天会变晴朗的。,二、课后练习,A:,单项选择,(,)1.Im busy today.I have lots of things_.,A.do,(,)2.I have_ money in my pocket.,A.any,B.not,C.none,B.to do,C.does,D.doing,D.no,(,)3.How many girls are there in the classroom?_.,A.Not any,B.None,C.No,D.Anybody,(,)4.I went to the park_ yesterday.,A.on a bicycle,B.by the bicycle,(,)5.The bicycle_ me 300 yuan.,C.in a bicycle,D.by bicycles,A.spent,(,)6.They didnt leave_ 10 oclock last night.,A.when,B.to,C.until,D.after,(,)7._ of them_ in the city.,A.No one,are,B.None,is,C.No,is,D.No one,is,(,)8._ pieces of bread_ in the box.,B.took,C.left,D.cost,A.How many,is there,C.How many,are there,B.How much,is there,D.How much,are there,(,)9.He is still hungry,he wants to have_ milk.,A.one more,B.another one,C.some more,D.many more,(,)10.We cant wait_ our teacher from the USA.,A.see,B.seeing,C.to see,D.for seeing,(,)11.It took me two hours_ to the hospital yesterday.,A.walked,B.walking,C.walks,D.to walk,(,)12.The shop that is_ to my home is often_ at 9:30 p.m.,A.,close,close,B.,closed,closed,C.,close,closed,D.,close,closes,(,)13._ is very difficult.,A.,Lesson,fifth,B.,The,lesson,fifth,C.,Five,lesson,D.,The,fifth,lesson,(,)14.John,hurry up!You are_ over the phone.,A.asked,(,)15.The puter doesnt work.Im afraid you_ use it today.,A.may,B.cant,C.neednt,D.mustnt,(,)16.Happy birthday,Tom.,_.,B.hoped,C.answered,D.wanted,A.With pleasure,B.Thanks a lot,C.You too,D.The same to you,(,)17.,Which,would,you,like,to,drink,tea,or,coffee?_.,Id,like,to,have,some,juice.,A.None,B.Neither,C.Both,D.All,(,)18.Its a good school_.,A.to study,B.to study in it,C.to study in,D.studying in,(,)19.I like sleeping late_ every Sunday morning.,A.in,B.on,C.at,D./,(,)20.Excuse me,could you tell me_ get to No.1 Hospital,please.,A.where is,(,)21.Lets go to the cinema,_?,A.shall we,B.will you,C.are you,(,)22.There is _ food in the fridge.,A.none,B.no,C.not,D.no any)23.He was very surprised.He couldnt open the car of_.,A.his owns,B.he own,C.he owns,D.his own,B.which is to,C.how can I,D.how to,D.do you,(,)24.,When,shall,we,meet,this,evening,or,this,afternoon?,I,dont,mind._,time is OK.,A.Both,(,)25.Of the three men,one is a worker,_ two are masters.,A.the others,B.the other,C.others,D.Other,B.Every,C.All,D.Either,(,)26.How much,A.is,these tomatoes?,B.are,Two yuan.,C.be,D.will be,D.no,(,(,)27.We have,A.none,eggs in the fridge.,B.much,C.three kilos,)28.My father usually,A.brings,with.,me,the park on Saturday.,B.takes,with,C.,takes,t o,D.takes,with,(,)29.There is,A.a,a,“h”and,B.an,a,“u”in the word“house”.,C.an,an,the money?,C.on,D.a,an,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,(,)30.How many books can you buy,A.with,B.about,D.about,)31.This is not _ book,Its _.,A.,you,her,)32.Jim got a full mark in the exam.That,A.sounds,B.listens,)33.He is a guider.He is going to show us,B.,your,her,C.,your,hers,D.,yours,hers,D.listen to,great!,C.hears,this big factory.,A.in,)34.Kate often helps her mother,A.do,B.does,B.at,C.around,some cooking.,C.doing,D.off,D.is doing,)35.My mother is busy today.There are many clothes,A.washes,B.washing,C.to wash,)36.Why dont you _our local theatre?,A.to visit,B.visit,C.visiting,)37.We shall _at 9 a.m.to enjoy a full day there.,after work.,D.wash,D.visits,D.are there,A.be there,)38.,B.there,C.is there,sheep,there on the farm?,A.How many;is,B.How many;are,C.How much;is,D.How much;are,)39.Miss Green teaches,English.,A.us,B.our,)40.We often have _homework to do on Sunday.,C.we,D.ours,A.too many,)41.He has,A.many,no,)42.,A.What,B.many too,C.much too,.,D.too much,books,but I have,B.much,none,C.many,none,D.much,no,bags of beef do you need?,B.How many,C.How much,D.Which,)43.China is,A.,close,Japan,Korea and Russia.,B.far,C.close toParty,was,C.,a,the,/,D.next,lots,of,fun.,D.,a,The,the,)44.They,held,A.,a,The,a,party,last,Sunday.,B.,the,the,a,)45.Would you like to go swimming with me?,.,A.Yes,I like to,C.Yes,I will,B.Yes,Id love to,D.Yes,I would like,B:,词形变换,1.What about_(go)camping with us?,2.Would you like_(eat)some bread for breakfast?,3.Jim is a_(wait)of a restaurant.,4.Please ask him_(call)me this evening.,5.When summer es,they like going_(swim)in the river.,6.There are a lot of clothes_(wash)in the house.,7.Im_(friend)to my students.,8.Why not_(buy)some souvenirs here?,9.He lives on the_(twenty)floor.,10.In her_(fifty),she wrote a lot of books.,11.I dont think its a wonderful place_(play).,12.All the children looked_(happy)at the fashion show.,13.There is always a lot of homework for me_(do)at weekends.,14.It often takes me 40 minutes_(ride)back home.,15.Nick with his family usually_(play)football in the school.,16.,Lots,of,animals,lost,their_(live),area,because,of,the,serious,population.,17.People think he is one of the greatest_(invent)in the world.,18._(slow),everything became a little bit easier.,19.,All,the,players,in,the,football,team,must,be_(train),five,time,a,week.,20.My idea is quite different