第67届联合国大会中方立场文件-中英对照-.doc

第67届联合国大会中方立场文件
Position Paper of the People’s Republic of China at the 67th Session of the United Nations General Assembly

　　一、联合国作用
I. The Role of the United Nations (UN)

　　当前，国际形势继续发生复杂、深刻变化。世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，科技革命孕育新突破，社会信息化影响不断上升。各国间相互联系、相互依存更加紧密。新兴市场国家和发展中国家不断发展壮大。和平与发展仍是时代的主题。国家间交流、对话、合作不断深化，求和平、谋发展、促合作已成为各国人民的共同意愿和不懈追求。同时，地区热点问题此起彼伏，西亚北非地区持续动荡，恐怖主义活动猖獗，防扩散形势依然严峻，气候变化、粮食安全、能源安全等全球性挑战日益凸显。欧债危机仍未解决，世界经济复苏面临风险，如期全面实现联合国千年发展目标前景不容乐观。维护世界和平、促进共同发展仍然任重道远。

The international situation continues to undergo complex and profound changes. Multi-polarity and economic globalization are deepening. New breakthroughs in scientific and technological revolution are in the making and the impact of information technology is on the rise. Countries are more closely linked and interdependent. Emerging economies and developing countries are becoming stronger. Peace and development remains the theme of the times. Exchanges, dialogues and cooperation between countries are deepening. To pursue peace, development and cooperation has become the shared aspiration and unwavering goal of people of all countries. At the same time, regional hotspot issues keep flaring up, and turbulence continues in West Asia and North Africa. Terrorist activities are rampant and the situation of non-proliferation remains serious. Global challenges such as climate change, food security and energy security are becoming more pronounced. The European debt crisis is yet to be resolved and the world economic recovery faces risks. The prospect for attaining all the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) on time is not optimistic. To uphold world peace and promote common development remains a daunting task.

　　联合国作为当今世界最具普遍性、代表性和权威性的政府间国际组织，是推动多边合作的重要机制和平台，在国际事务中发挥着不可替代的重要作用。新形势下，国际社会普遍期待联合国在维护世界和平、促进共同发展、加强国际合作方面发挥更大作用。

The UN, as the most inclusive, representative and authoritative inter-governmental organization, is an important institution and platform for advancing multilateral cooperation. It plays an irreplaceable role in international affairs. Under the new circumstances, the international community expects to see a bigger role of the UN in upholding world peace, promoting common development and strengthening international cooperation.

　　中国一直积极倡导、支持并践行多边主义，大力推动联合国在国际事务中发挥核心作用。中国将继续积极参与联合国各领域活动，维护联合国权威，继续坚定维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，大力推动联合国在发展等相关领域发挥更大作用，推动联合国更加重视维护广大发展中国家的利益，为建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界作出更大的贡献。

China has always advocated, supported and practiced multilateralism and made great endeavor to promote the UN’s central role in international affairs. China will continue to actively participate in UN activities in various fields, safeguard the authority of the UN and firmly uphold the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. China will support the UN in playing a bigger role in development and other relevant areas and encourage the UN to pay close attention to protecting the interests of developing countries and make greater contribution to the building of a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.

　　二、联合国改革
II. UN Reform

　　中国支持联合国通过必要、合理的改革，提高权威和效率，增强应对新威胁、新挑战的能力，更好地履行《联合国宪章》赋予的职责。联合国改革应提高发展中国家在国际事务中的发言权，有助于联合国在协调各国努力、应对全球性挑战方面发挥更大作用。改革应在安全、发展和人权等领域均衡推进，特别是要推动在发展领域取得积极成果，并从机制和资源上对发展给予必要保障，切实推动落实千年发展目标，服务于广大发展中国家的共同利益。

China supports necessary and reasonable reform of the UN so as to enhance its authority and efficiency, strengthen its capacity for addressing new threats and challenges, and enable it to better fulfill the responsibilities entrusted by the Charter of the United Nations. Reform should give developing countries more voice in international affairs, as this will help the UN play a bigger role in coordinating international efforts to respond to global challenges. Reform should be advanced in a balanced manner in security, development and human rights. More attention should be given to development so that it will have more support in terms of institutions and resources. Earnest efforts should be made to implement the MDGs, as this serves the common interests of developing countries.

　　中国支持安理会通过必要、合理的改革增强权威和效率，更好地履行《联合国宪章》赋予的维护国际和平与安全的职责。安理会改革应优先增加发展中国家、特别是非洲国家在安理会的代表性，使中小国家有更多机会轮流进入安理会，参与其决策，在安理会发挥更大作用。这符合占联合国会员国大多数的中小国家的根本利益。安理会改革涉及方方面面，应继续进行民主、耐心协商，兼顾各方利益和关切，寻求“一揽子”改革方案，并达成最广泛一致。“分步走”和“零散处理”没有出路，只会破坏改革民主协商的气氛。推动安理会改革朝有利于维护联合国整体利益和会员国团结的方向发展是联合国全体会员国的共同责任，中国愿同各国继续为此而共同努力。

China supports necessary and reasonable reform to the Security Council so that it will enjoy more authority and efficiency and better fulfill the responsibilities for maintaining international peace and security bestowed on it by the Charter of the United Nations. The priority of the Security Council reform should be on increasing the representation of developing countries, especially African countries, in the Security Council so that small and medium-sized countries will have more opportunities to sit on the Security Council in turns, participate in its decision-making, and play a bigger role in the Security Council. This is in the fundamental interests of small and medium-sized countries which make up the majority of UN member states. Given the broad agenda of the Security Council reform, it is important to continue with democratic and patient consultations to accommodate the interests and concerns of all parties, seek a package solution and reach the broadest possible agreement. The “step-by-step” or “piecemeal” approach will lead us nowhere and will only ruin the atmosphere of democratic consultations for reform. It is the shared responsibility of all UN member states to move Security Council reform in a way that is conducive to the overall interests of the UN and the unity of its member states. China will continue to work with all other countries toward this goal.

　　三、政治与安全领域
III. Political and Security Issues

　　（一）联合国维和行动
1. Peacekeeping Operations

　　维和行动是联合国维护国际和平与安全的重要、有效手段。当前，联合国维和行动规模不断扩大，授权日趋广泛，面临挑战也在增多。中国坚定支持并积极参与联合国维和行动，一贯主张联合国维和行动应严格遵守和执行安理会有关决议授权，始终坚持“当事国同意、中立、非自卫不使用武力”的哈马舍尔德维和三原则，尊重当事国的意愿和选择，加强任务规划，明确优先目标，协调一致行动，形成整体合力。联合国维和行动应加强同缔造和平、建设和平的衔接及统筹，重视与区域和次区域组织加强合作。联合国维和行动应更加关注非洲国家的需求。

UN peacekeeping operations are an important and effective means for maintaining international peace and security. The peacekeeping operations, given their expanded scale and broadened mandate, are facing growing challenges today. China is a strong supporter of and active participant in UN peacekeeping operations. China maintains that in conducting peacekeeping operations, it is important to strictly abide by and carry out the mandate of relevant Security Council resolutions, adhere to the three principles of “consent of the parties, impartiality and non-use of force except in self-defense” put forward by former UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold, respect the will and choice of the host country, strengthen operation planning, set out clear priorities, and coordinate actions to form synergy. There should be better coordination between peacekeeping, peacemaking and peacebuilding. The UN should place greater emphasis on enhancing cooperation with regional and sub-regional organizations, and pay more attention to the needs of African countries in its peacekeeping operations.

　　中国重视并积极参与联合国维和行动，迄今共向联合国维和行动派出军事人员、警察和民事官员20000余人次。目前有近2000名中国维和人员在维和行动中执行任务，在安理会五常任理事国中名列前茅，是联合国维和行动第16大出兵国。

China attaches importance to and actively participates in UN peacekeeping operations. To date, China has sent over 20,000 military personnel, policemen and civilian officials to UN peacekeeping operations. At present, there are nearly 2,000 Chinese peacekeepers on duty, making China a leading peacekeeper contributor among the five permanent members of the Security Council and the 16th largest troop-contributing country in the world.

　　（二）建设和平
2. Peacebuilding

　　建设和平有助于消除冲突产生的根源，对于实现有关国家和地区的长治久安具有重要意义。建设和平委员会作为联合国系统内首个协调冲突后重建工作的机构，在帮助冲突后国家实现重建方面发挥了重要作用。中国一贯支持联合国在冲突后重建中发挥领导作用，支持建设和平委员会及建设和平基金开展工作。建设和平委员会应充分尊重当事国自主权，协助当事国筹集资源，并更好地发挥建设和平基金的作用。建设和平委员会应改进工作方法，提高工作效率，进一步完善内部机制建设，同时应努力加强同联合国大会及安理会等主要机构、国际金融机构及区域组织的协调与合作。中国将继续为建设和平委员会工作提供支持。

Peacebuilding helps eliminate the root cause of conflicts, and plays a significant role in realizing lasting peace and stability in relevant countries and regions. As the first agency in the UN system entrusted with the responsibility of coordinating post-conflict rebuilding, the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) has played an important role in helping with the rebuilding of post-conflict countries. China supports the UN’s leading role in post-conflict rebuilding and the work of the PBC and the Peacebuilding Fund (PBF). The PBC should fully respect the independent rights of the countries concerned, support their efforts in collecting resources and make better use of the PBF. The PBC should improve its work method and efficiency, further strengthen internal institutions and, at the same time, enhance coordination and cooperation with the General Assembly, the Security Council and other major agencies as well as international financial institutions and regional organizations. China will continue to support the work of the PBC.

　　（三）武装冲突中保护平民
3. Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict

　　中国对平民生命、财产安全在武装冲突中受到威胁、遭到损失深表关切，敦促各方认真遵守国际法和联合国安理会有关决议，在武装冲突中充分保护平民。

China is deeply concerned about the threat and loss caused by armed conflict to the life and property of civilians, and urges the parties concerned to abide by international law and the relevant Security Council resolutions in good faith and give full protection to civilians caught up in armed conflict.

　　根据《联合国宪章》和国际人道法，保护平民的责任首先在于当事国政府。国际社会的帮助应坚持公正、客观和中立原则，获得当事国同意，并充分尊重当事国主权与领土完整，避免介入当地政治纷争或影响和平进程。

According to the Charter of the United Nations and the international humanitarian law, the responsibility to protect civilians rests first and foremost with the government of the country concerned. When providing assistance, the international community should adhere to the principles of “impartiality, objectiveness and neutrality”, obtain the consent of the host country, fully respect its sovereignty and territorial integrity, and refrain from interfering in local political disputes or impeding the peace process.

　　各方应把保护平民问题放在和平解决冲突的政治进程中加以处理。在冲突后和平重建中也应重视保护平民。联合国各有关机构应就此加强协调，形成合力。

The protection of civilians should be incorporated into the political process aimed at seeking peaceful solutions to conflict. It should also be given priority in post-conflict rebuilding. The relevant UN agencies should strengthen coordination and form synergy in this respect.

　　（四）反对恐怖主义
4. Counter-Terrorism

　　恐怖主义是全球公敌。国际社会在反恐领域投入不断加大，共识日益增多，合作日趋深入，取得了不少积极进展。同时，恐怖主义滋生的土壤并未铲除，国际社会面临的恐怖威胁远未消除，国际反恐形势仍然十分严峻。

Terrorism is the common enemy of the world. The international community has scaled up input, reached broader consensus, carried out deeper cooperation and made substantial progress in the fight against terrorism. Yet on the other hand, the breeding ground for terrorism has not been removed, the terrorist threats to the international community are far from disappearing, and the international counter-terrorism situation remains as grave as ever.

　　中方主张，国际社会应按照《联合国宪章》及其他公认的国际法和国际关系准则开展国际合作，共同打击恐怖主义。联合国及其安理会应在国际反恐斗争中发挥领导和协调作用。打击恐怖主义应标本兼治，采取政治、经济、外交等手段综合治理，消除恐怖主义滋生的土壤。中方反对在反恐斗争中采取双重标准，认为不应将恐怖主义与特定的国家、民族或宗教相联系。

China maintains that the international community should carry out cooperation to combat terrorism in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, international law and other universally recognized norms governing international relations. The UN and its Security Council should play a leading and coordinating role in the battle against terrorism. A holistic approach that addresses both the symptoms and root causes of terrorism should be adopted to remove the breeding ground for terrorism with the integrated use of political, economic and diplomatic means. China opposes the practice of double standards or linking terrorism to specific countries, ethnic groups or religions.

　　中国也是恐怖主义的受害者。以“东突厥斯坦伊斯兰运动”为首的“东突”恐怖势力长期策划、煽动对中国政府和人民的暴力恐怖行为，打击“东突”恐怖势力是国际反恐斗争的重要组成部分。中国将继续积极参与国际反恐合作，与各国一道共同打击包括“东突”在内的国际恐怖势力。

China is a victim of terrorism. The “Eastern Turkestan Islamic Movement” and other “Eastern Turkestan” terrorist forces have long been plotting and instigating violent terrorist attacks against the Chinese government and people. The fight against the “Eastern Turkestan” terrorist forces is an important part of the international anti-terrorism campaign. China will continue to take an active part in international counter-terrorism cooperation and work with all countries to fight the “Eastern Turkestan” and other international terrorist forces.

　　（五）朝鲜半岛局势问题
5. Situation on the Korean Peninsula

　　维护朝鲜半岛和平稳定、实现半岛无核化符合有关各方共同利益，也是国际社会的一致呼声。中方始终认为，对话协商是解决半岛有关问题的唯一有效途径，六方会谈是平衡解决各方关切、实现半岛无核化的有效平台。希望有关各方保持接触对话，继续致力于通过谈判解决分歧，争取早日重启六方会谈。中方愿同各方一道，继续为此发挥建设性作用。

To uphold peace and stability and achieve the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula serves the common interests of all parties concerned and represents the call of the international community. China holds the view that dialogue and consultation is the only effective way to resolve the relevant issues, and that the Six-Party Talks is an effective platform for addressing the concerns of the parties in a balanced manner and achieving denuclearization of the Peninsula. China hopes that the parties will maintain contact and dialogue, stay committed to resolving differences through negotiation and resume the Six-Party Talks at an early date. China is ready to work with the other parties to continue to play a constructive role in this process.

　　（六）缅甸问题
6. Myanmar

　　缅甸保持稳定与发展，符合缅甸的利益，也有利于本地区的和平与稳定。缅甸政府在推进国内改革进程方面取得积极进展，对外关系不断改善，值得欢迎和肯定。中方一直鼓励缅甸推进国内政治与民族和解进程，呼吁有关国家早日全面解除对缅制裁。国际社会应尊重缅甸人民自主选择发展道路，为缅甸实现稳定和发展发挥建设性作用。

To maintain stability and development is in the interest of Myanmar and conducive to peace and stability of the region. The progress made by the government of Myanmar in advancing domestic reform and improving external relations should be welcomed and recognized. China has all along encouraged Myanmar to advance the process of political and national reconciliation and called on relevant countries to lift all sanctions on Myanmar at an early date. The international community should respect the development path independently chosen by the people of Myanmar, and play a constructive role in bringing about stability and development in Myanmar.

　　（七）阿富汗问题
7. Afghanistan

　　阿富汗局势事关国际和地区的和平与稳定，也事关国际反恐斗争的顺利进行。目前阿富汗在和平重建方面取得了积极进展，同时仍面临不少困难和挑战。要建设一个和平、稳定、独立、发展的阿富汗，还需要阿富汗和国际社会的共同努力。

The situation in Afghanistan concerns peace and stability in the region and the world at large and affects the progress of the international counter-terrorism effort. Afghanistan has made positive progress in peace and reconstruction, but still faces many difficulties and challenges. It requires the efforts of both Afghanistan and the international community to bring about a peace