2015年高考真题——英语(上海卷)-Word版含解析.doc

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）
英语
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful
2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s
3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer
4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.
B. He can’t help the woman with her math.
C. He broke the woman’s calculator.
D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.
5. A. The woman should go to another counter.
B. The woman gives the man so many choices.
C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.
D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.
6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.
B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.
C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.
D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.
7. A. Move to a neat dormitory  B. Find a person to share their apartment
C. Clean the room with the roommate    D. Write an article about their roommate

8. A. Bob won’t take her advice
B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroad
C. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas
D. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard

9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.
C. The snack bar is near the library. D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.

10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.
C. Clean the garage after the rain stops. D. Check if the garage is dry.

Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.
B. You have to buy food for dogs.
C. None of the dogs are caged.
D. There is a dog named Princess.
12. A. She likes the food there.
B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.
C. She can have free coffee.
D. She doesn’t like to be alone.
13. A. A new kind of cafe.
B. A new brand of cafe.
C. A new home for pets.
D. A new way to raise pets.

Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.
14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.
B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.
C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.
D. A new term created by high achievers.
15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%
16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.
B. The financial investment may increase.
C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.
D. Unexpected problems may arise.

Section C
Directions: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.
SRT
Service Notes
Account No.: 17
Service Request: Check the 18
Solutions: Send another 19 (2 pm on 20 )

Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
In what way are these climbers special?
They are all 21 .
Why did they choose to conquer Mount Kilimanjaro?
22 .
What did they do in time of difficulty?        
They persevered, 23 each other.
How did they record their adventure?
By keeping 24 .

II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Gift from a stranger
My local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.
Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.
Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.
After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.
(B)
Ask helpful Hannah
Dear helpful Hannah,
I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupted). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.
I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.
Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!
Sick and Tired Sadie

Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. access B. alternatives C. designed D. confirmed E. conflicting F. elements
G. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supporting
Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.
As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.
As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’ 47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.
Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 and their best.
All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.
III Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.
In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.
Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.
First Impression
To help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.
As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.
The 60 Knows
Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.
Face Value
Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.
When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.
51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise
52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial
53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle
54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created
55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions
56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions
57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall
58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature
59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question
60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand
61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior
62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted
63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals
64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess
65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating

第二部分： 阅读理解（第一节共20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
A
Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.
F