高中状语从句讲解省名师优质课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。谢谢,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。谢谢,状语从句,Adverbial Clause,第1页,英语句子,按交际功能分,按结构分类,陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句,简单句,并列句,复合句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,反意疑问句,选择疑问句,名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,N,.Adj.,Adv.,第2页,状语时用来修饰,词,词,词,或,一个句子成份.它能够表示时间、地点、原因、目标、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。其中,副词,介词,介词短语,分词(短语),名词,不定式,句子,都可充当状语。,当充当状语部分是一个,句子,时，也就是状语从句。,分类以下：,动,形容,副,句子,什么是状语？,第3页,状语从句,1.,时间,状语从句,2.,地点,状语从句,3.,原因,状语从句,4.,条件,状语从句,5.,让步,状语从句,6.,目标,状语从句,7.,结果,状语从句,8.,方式,状语从句,9.,比较,状语从句,第4页,一 状语从句高考考查特点,1.试题设问展现出交叉和综合特点,不一样性质连词;定语从句和名词性从句干扰),2.题干句,情景化增强,句意了解难度提升,Go back,where you lived,._,Go back to,the village,where you lived,._,where前有定语从句先行词,状语从句,定语从句,第5页,二 能力要求：,1.了解状语从句分类情况及各种状语,从句中,经常使用连词,2.能够在真实语境中判定从句与主句,逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当连,词完成交际.,3.能够区分同类状语从句中,近似连词 使用方法区分.,第6页,常见考点：,考点一,、主句与从句,时态呼应,问题；,考点二,、,连接词选择,（注意区分几组连接词：while/as/when引导时间状语从句；because/since/as/for引导原因状语从句；if/unless引导条件状语从句；sothat/suchthat引导结果状语从句等）；,考点三,、状语,从句,与,非谓语,动词之间,替换,；,考点四,、状语从句,倒装结构,（hardly/scarcelywhen；nosoonerthan等）,第7页,时间状语从句,引导时间状语从句隶属连词,1.基本类：,before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once,as soon as,etc.,2.名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：,the moment,the minute,the second,the instant,etc.(一就);every time,each time,the last time,the first time,etc.,第8页,3.副词类（由副词充当引导词）：,immediately,directly,instantly,etc.(一.就.),4.句型类：,no soonerthan,hardly/scarcely when,etc.(一就),e.g.I will give you an answer,immediately,I finish my work.,e.g.Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.,用于句首时应引发,部分倒装,且前部分普通用,过去完成时,第9页,as,引导时间状语从句,能够表示“正当”，“一 边一边”，“伴随”等意思。,1.表示某事一发生，另一事,马上,发生。,As,the sun,rose,the fog,disappeared,.,2.表示在某事发生,过程中,，另一事发生。,Just,as,he was speaking there was a loud explosion.,3.表示两个动作,同时,发生。(一边一边),Helen sang a song,as,she washed.,4.表示“,伴随.”.,常指一个行为是另一个行为,结果或一个状态随另一个状态改变。句中动词多表示,状态,发展改变,。,As she grew older,she became more beautiful.,1.,as,while,when,区分,第10页,while,:连续性动词 进行时,普通或现在情况,未来情况V,普通现在时或现在进行时,过去情况,e.g.I like listening to music while,I am doing,my homework.,e.g.Im going to the post office.,-,While,you,are,there,can you get some,stamps for me?,eg.I hurt my shoulder,while,I,was doing,gym.,while常表示一段,较长时间,或一个过程，强调主句动词和从句动词所表示动作或状态是,同时,发生，它引导从句用,延续性动词,，若从句中是非延续性动词，则不用while.侧重于主从两个动作或状态对比,。p207,第11页,While I,was walking down,the street,I came across an old friend.(while=_),While,I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.(while=_),Whilethere is life there is hope.,(while=_),He likes pop music,while,I am fond of folk music.（while=_）,when,although,as long as,While 在句中不一样含义:,however,第12页,while使用方法归纳,.作,并列,连词,意为“,然而,却,”,表对比(=however),He likes football,while,his brother likes basketball.,2.引导时状从句(=when),While,he,was doing,his homeworkhis mother,came in.,.引让状从句,表“,即使,尽管,”,置于句首,(=although),While,I admit his good points,I can see his,shortcomings.,.引导条状从句,表“,只要,”(=as long as),Ill do everything for you,while,you are happy.,第13页,when,:连续性非连续性动词都可,当时,就在那时，正在这时=and at this/that time,e.g.,When,I first,saw,her,I fell in love with her.,-When,did you,get,home?,-It was eight oclock,when,I,got,home.,They,were,walking,down the street,when,they,saw,an accident.(A=B),2)I,was about to,go,swimming,when,our guide,stopped,me.(AB),3）I,had,just,finished,my work,when,he,came,back.,(A,B),第14页,尽管即使鉴于假如到时,1.He walks,when,he might take a taxi.,2.The Queen will visit the town in May,when,she will open the new hospital.,3.How can you hope for mercy yourself,when,you show none?,4.How could I live in Los Angeles,when,all my,favorite people live here?,即使,到时,假如,鉴于,既然,when,还有一些较为灵活翻译:,第15页,1 When he _(come)back,please tell him to meet me at my office.,comes,2 I will tell him when she _back.3 I would tell him when she _back.,comes,came,注意时态,4-When _ you come to see me,Dad?,-I will go to see you when you _ the training coursing.,A.do;will have finished B.will;will finish,C.do;are finishing D.will;finish,时间状语从句中用普通现在时代替普通未来时,用普通过去时代替过去未来时,第16页,He fell asleep _ he was reading.,I kept silent _ he was writing.,She sang _ she went along.,It was raining hard _ we arrived.,I thought of it just _you opened your mouth.,Things are getting better and better _ time goes on.,Its cold _ it snows.,I will go home _ he comes back.,We were about to start _ it began to rain.,He likes coffee,_ she likes tea.,_ a boy,he lived in Japan.,_ reading,he fell asleep.,_ in trouble,ask her for help.,when/while/as,while,as,when/as,when/as,as,when,when,when,while,As/When,When/While,When/While,主句表示是一个短暂性动作，从句表示是一个连续性动作,主、从句表示两个同时进行连续性动作，且强调主句表示动作延续到从句所指整个时间,同时进行,“一边一边”,主句-连续性动作,从句-短暂性动作,主从句-几乎同时发生短暂性动作,正在发展改变情况,“伴随”,“每当时候”(暗示一个规律性),有先后次序,表示“这时(突然)”,“而”、“却”(表示对比),as/when+名词，组成省略句,while无此使用方法,when/while+现在分词/介词短语/形容词等组成省略句，但 as 普通不这么用,When,while,和,as,区分,第17页,before,引导时间状语从句,before,引导时间状语从句，常译为“,在之前,”，,表示,主句,动作发生在,从句,动作,之前,。,1.We,clean,the classroom,before,we,leave,school every day.,2.It will not be long,before,you regret for what youve done.,很快你就会为你所作所为后悔。,after,引导时间状语从句,after,引导时间状语从句，常译为“,在之后,”，,表示,主句,动作发生在,从句,动作,之后,。,After you,use,plastic bags,you mustnt,throw,them about.,用过了塑料袋之后，不准处处乱扔。,第18页,连接词before小结：,1.We had sailed four days and four nights,before,we saw land.,2 We hadnt run a mile,before,he felt tired.,3 Please write it down,before,you forget it.,4,Before,I could get in a word,he walked away.,“才”,“不到.就”,“趁”,“还没来得及”,从句中常含有情态动词can/could,1）句型It will be/was段时间before“还要过/过了,多久才”,如：,It will be two years,before,he leaves the country.,It was two years,before,he left the country,2）句型It will not be/was not一段时间before“不多久就”,如：,It wasnt two years,before,he left the country.,第19页,since,引导时间状语从句,since引导,时间,状语从句，常译为“自从”，,主句,惯用,现在完成,时，,从句,惯用,普通过去,时。,例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。,We havent seen each other since we parted/broke up.,惯用句型：It has been(is)+时间段+since从句,“自从有多长时间了”,例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。,It has been(is)six years since she graduated from the university.,第20页,since使用方法：,since表从,过去,某一时间或动作、事情,起,到,当前,为,止,，“,自.以 来”,引导状语从句时，主句用,现在完成,时或,现在完成进行,时，从句中用普通过去时。,Ive been living here,since,I came to Beijing.,I have written home four times,since,I came here.,惯用句型：,it is(has been).+since+普通过去时,It is/has been five years,since,I,began,to learn English.,第21页,since句型中假如从句谓语是,延续性,动作或状态，则它所表示,时间从该动作或状态,结束时,算起！（否定含义）如：,It is 3 years since,I,began,to smoke,I,smoked,(gave up smoking 自从我戒烟以来).,(自从我开始抽烟以来).,第22页,It is 5 years since,I have never seen him,since,he joined the army.,he was a soldier.,he fell ill.,he was ill.,生病以来.,病愈以来.,翻译：,It has been 5 years since he lived here,退伍以来.,他离开这已经有五年时间了。,第23页,until/till,引导时间状语从句,until/till 引导,时间状语,从句，常译为“直到时”，,表示主句动作发生在从句,之前,。,当主句谓语动词是,延续性动词,时，主句惯用,必定,形式。,例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。,Ill,stay,here,until,you come back.,当主句谓语动词是,非延续性动词,时,主句惯用,否定,形式。,not until“直到才”，这时until 可用,before,替换。,He did,nt,go to bed,until,he finished his homework.,例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。,第24页,not.until倒装句和强调句。,He,didnt,stop,until,he had finished all his work,.,倒装句:,Not until,he had finished all his work did he stop.,强调句:,It was not until,he had finished all his work,that,he stopped,.,强调句句式为：It was/is not until that,第25页,as soon as,引导时间状语从句,as soon as 引导时间状语从句，译为“一就”，,表示从句动作,一发生,，主句动作,马上就发生,。,例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。,I,will,tell him about it,as soon as,he,comes,back.,相当于as soon as 使用方法词或短语还有：,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,等.,Ill give him your message,the minute,he arrives.,Directly,I had done it,I knew I had made a mistake.,第26页,名词短语,引导时间状语从句,the moment,the minute,the instant,the time,the hour,the,day,by the time,each time,every time,next time,any time等,也能够引导时间状语从句。,I thought her nice and honest,the first time,I saw her.,By the time you arrived,the lecture had already ended.,By the time he comes,we will already have left.,第27页,By the time使用方法,这个词组惯用来指到某一时间点为止，主句,惯用完成时态,。,By the time he was 12,_ to more than 30 countries to get his diseases cured.,到12岁时，他已去过30多个国家治疗疾病。,By the time I graduate next year,I _ here for 5 years.,到明年毕业时，我将在这里待了5年了。,By the time he,went,abroad,_.=when,出国那年，他14岁。,he had traveled,I will have lived,he was fourteen.,第28页,1.,When every time I was in trouble,he would come to help me.,2.,At next time you come,do remember bring your son here.,3.,For the first time I met the girl.I felt in love with her.,4.,You are welcome to come back at any time you want to.,5.,At the last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.,语法规则：,every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。,考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句,第29页,其它连词,引导时间状语从句,no sooner than,hardly/scarcely/barelywhen引导,时间状语从句,从句,用普通,过去,时，,主句,用过去完成,时。,当,no,sooner,hardly,/,scarcely,/,barely,位于句首时，主句要,用,部分倒装,。（情态动词/be动词/助动词提至主语前）,I,had,no sooner,begun,to talk,than,he,rang,off.,No sooner,had,I begun to talk than he rang off.,我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。,第30页,1.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.,A.while B.after,C.in case D.the minute,2.How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers,A.when B.until C.before D.since,3._ the day went on,the weather got worse.,A.With B.since C.As D.While,4.He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.,A.why B.where C.when D.while,第31页,地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever(在任何地方)引导（可了解为特指与泛指）,e.g.,a.,Just stay,where,you are.,b.,Where,there is a will,there is a way.,c.,You can sit,wherever,you like.,d.,Wherever,you go,Ill be right here waiting for you.,When he reads a book,his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him.,A.there B.wherever C.the place D.in which,2.地点状语从句,第32页,There are plenty of trees_.,我住地方树很多。,_I will be thinking of you.不论我在哪里我都会想到你。,_,I will be right here waiting for you!,不论你去哪里，不论你做什么，我都会在这等着你！,where,I live,Wherever,I am,Wherever,you go,whatever,you do,第33页,Bamboo grows well,where,it is warm and wet.,You may go,wherever,you like.,有时，-where组成复合词也能够引导地点状语从句，如：,Everywhere,they went,they were,kindly received,/,warmly welcomed,.,Well go,anywhere,the Party directs us.,第34页,引导词：where，wherever,Ill go wherever he goes.,Ill go where he went.,-Can you tell me _ you are from?,-It is not important _ I came from.,A.when;whenever B.where;wherever C.the place;where D.wherever;where,我要去他去地方.,他去哪我就去哪.,第35页,地点状语从句与定语从句区分,1.-Where do you plan to work?,-Ive made up my mind to go _Im most needed.,A.to the place B.to which,C.that D.where,2.I will go to a country for a holiday _ there are a lot of flowers and trees.,A.in the place B.where C.which D.wherever,辨析:,Go back,where,you came from.,Go back to the village,where,you came,from.,第36页,原因状语从句,表示主句中某一动作或状态所发生原因。引导这种从句 惯用连接词是：because,as,since,now that,for,和considering that,seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。,e.g.He didnt come to schoolbecause,he was ill.,c.f.He might be ill,for,he didnt come to school.,表示“直接”原因。,表示“间接推断”原因.,不可出现在句首。,3.原因状语从句,第37页,原因状语从句,1),because,表示某件事情发生,直接原因,或理由。它语气很,强,，因而惯用往返答,why,提问。在这几个连词中，它表示原因语气最强。如：,He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.,2),since,常表示对方,已经知道既成事实,，说话人依据这个事实得出某一个结论。其语气比because要弱，普通译成“,既然,”。如：,Since you are here,why not stay for a few more days?,3),as,惯用于表示,十分显著原因,，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成“,因为,”。如：,As its getting darker,we must go home now.,4),for,只是一个,并列连词,，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行,附加说明,。如：,It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet,Now that,seeing that,when第38页,because,since,as,for,区分:,because直接原因，非推断语气最强,回答why问题。,since 通常放句首译为“,既然,”,as,不谈自明原因,，语气最弱。,for,放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断,理由,。,第39页,1.I danced in front of the people _ I liked it.,2.Youd better wear strong shoes _ well do,a lot of walking.,3._ he was not well,I decided to go without him.,4._ everybody know about it,I dont want to,talk any more.,5.He must be ill,_ he is absent Today.,6.Some people believe that _ oil is running out,the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.,because,as,As,Since,for,since,第40页,1.在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用as或since.,2.because能够引导表语从句,而as,since不能够，这时主语普通都是it,this,that,It was _,he was ill that he didnt go with us.,Its_ he is too lazy,.,3.since表示“既然”，只能放主句前.,_ we have no money,we cant buy that vase.,because,用because,as,since 填空,because,Since,第41页,条件状语从句表示主句中某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生。条件状语从句中通惯用普通现在时表示未来。,条件状语从句由隶属连词引导：,if,unless (除非),as/so long as(只要),on condition(只要),once(一旦),in case(假使),providing/provided(that)等,。,e.g.a.Well come over to see you on Saturday,if,we,have time.,b.We should serve the people,as/so long as,we live.,4.条件状语从句,第42页,1.We will be able to get there on time,_ our car doesnt break down on the road.,as soon as B.as far as,C.as long as D.as well as,2.In time of serious accidents,_ we know some basic things about first aid,we can save lives.,whether B.until,C.if D.unless,3._ you have tried it,you cant imagine how pleasant it is.,A.Unless B.Because,C.Although D.When,第43页,_ you touch an English person,you should say“sorry”.,_ they are dirty,certain seas are not able to clean themselves.,_ we dont lose heart,well find a way to overcome the difficulty.,You can be allowed to play the game _,you finish your homework first.,Dont touch anything _ your teacher tells you to.,If,Once,As long as,on condition that,unless,第44页,在复合句中表示让步概念状语从句被称为让步状语,从句。惯用引导词：though,although,even if,even though,no matter+疑问词(what/who/where/when/which/how),疑问词-ever,(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever),特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，,while(普通用在句首)，,whether or,whether()or not,5.让步状语从句,第45页,though,although,判断以下句子是否正确：,Although he is rich,but he is not happy.,Although he is rich,yet he is not happy.,Although we have grown up,our parents still treat us as children.,关键点归纳：,though,although当“即使”讲,都不能和 but 连用.,不过他们都能够同yet(still)连用.,ever if,even though,even if 和 even though 表示,“”,即使,Well make a trip,even though,the weather is bad.,第46页,as,引导让步状语从句,as 引导让步状语从句，必须将从句中,、,以及谓语中,提前至从句句首，作表语单数,可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需,。,表语,状语,实意动词,省略,Though he works hard,he makes little progress.,Hard as/though he works,he makes little progress.,Though he was,a,child,he knew what was the right thing to do.,Child as/though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.,Though you may object,Ill go.,Object as you may,Ill go.,第47页,whether or,whether()or not,whether or,whether or not 表示“,不论是否”,，,“,不论是还是”,。其引导从句意在说明正反两,方面可能性都不会影响主句意向或结果。,Whether,you believe it,or not,it is true.,Youll have to attend the party,whether,you are free,or,busy.,while,也能够引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，语气比,though/although弱。其引导从句普通位于,。,句首,例句：我尽管喜欢它颜色，但不喜欢它形状。,While I like its color,I dont like its shape.,第48页,no matter+疑问词 疑问词-ever,No matter what happened,he would not mind.,Whatever happened,he would not mind.,替换：no matter what=whatever,no matter who=whoever,no matter when=whenever,no matter where=wherever,no matter which=whichever,no matter how=however,判断正误：,No matter what you say is of no use now.,Whatever you say is of no use now.,归纳：,no matter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，,而“疑问词+ever”则能够,第49页,_ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.,A.While B.since C.Before D.Unless,2.The workers are determined to go through with their railway project,_ the expenses have risen.,A.as long as B.even though,C.now that D.as though,3.I really want the match,however much _.,A.does it cost B.costs it,C.will it cost D.it costs,第50页,4._ we have finished the course,we shall start doing more revision work.,A.