book9unit2词汇.doc

Book 9 Unit2
voyage n./ vi. 航海, 航行
▲ The voyage from England to India used to take six months.过去从英国航行到印度要六个月。
go on /make / take a sea voyage去航海旅行
An around-the-world voyage环球航行
A voyage in space航天

mercy un. 仁慈，宽恕
ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕
show mercy to sb. / have mercy on 对… 有怜悯之心, 对… … 有慈悲之心
without mercy 残忍地
They showed mercy to their enemies.
Gog have mercy on us!上帝怜悯我们吧！
▲ She went down on her knees, begging for mercy. 她双膝跪下, 乞求谅解.
cn. 幸运，恩惠
It is a mercy that… 真幸运… …
His death was a mercy, because he was in great pain.
▲ It is a mercy that the whole family survived the earthquake.
这次地震中一家人都幸免于难,真是不幸中之大幸.
短语：at the mercy of sb/sth 受……支配/控制/摆布
His life was at the mercy of his captor.他的生命在逮捕者的手中。
The ship was at the mercy of the storm.
▲ The poor businessman was at the mercy of those from whom he borrowed money.
这可怜的商人被他的债主们捏在了手心。

alongside prep. 靠着，沿着；与...一起/同时 adv.在旁边，沿着边
A police car pulled up alongside us.
Traditional beliefs still flourish alongside a modern urban lifestyle.
现代城市生活方式盛行的同时，传统信念仍然大行其道。
Nick caught up with me and rode alongside.

minimum adj. 最小的，最小的，最低限度的
n. 最小值，最少量，最低限度
A minimum charge/price最低收费/价格
The minimum age for retirement is 50.
Temperatures will fall to a minimum of 10 degrees. 气温会降到最低点10度
You must get a minimum of 40 questions right to pass the intelligence test.
你最少需要答对40道题才能通过智力测试。
He passed the exams with the minimum of effort.
mini 最小值→ minimum n. 最小值

max 最大值→ maximum 最大值
The temperature reached the maximum for the year. 寒暑表已升至当年最高。。

horizon n. 地平线；视野，眼界，见识（pl.）
on the horizon 在地平线上；即将发生的事
broaden one’s horizons 开阔某人的眼界。
I can see a ship on the horizon. 我可以看见地平线上有一艘船。
The sun sank below the horizon.太阳落到了地平线下。
Science gives us a new horizon. 科学使我们打开新的境界。
A crisis is on the horizon. 一场危机即将发生。

nowhere
Now there is almost nowhere to hide. 现在几乎是无处可逃。
He had nowhere to go, so I took him in. 他无处可去, 所以我收留了他.
▲ She dressed herself up but found nowhere to show off. 她装扮得整整齐齐,却无处可去炫耀.
Nowhere have I seen your bike. 我从未见过你的自行车
▲ We have looked for the lost sheep almost everywhere,but nowhere can we find it .
If you don't work hard, you'll end up nowhere. 如不努力工作, 你就一事无成.
▲ You'll get nowhere if you follow his instruction. 要是你按他的方法去做,将会一事无成.

tide
He eyed the coming tide with an absorbed attention. 她凝视着上涨的潮水.
The tide of the battle turned against us. 战况变得对我们不利.
It's easier to swim with the tide than to oppose the views of the majority.
顺应潮流要比反对大多数人的意见来得容易.
▲ Time and tide wait for no man. [谚]岁月不等人;天道不可抗.
I always remind myself that time and tide wait for no man. 我总是提醒自己岁月不待人.

secure adj.
1）可靠的，稳固的，稳定的；(certain)
a secure job/income稳定的工作/收入
▲It’s not a very secure way to make a living.以此谋生终非长久之计。
2）安心的，有把握的confident
They are secure of their success他们对于成功很有信心。
▲She finished the match, secure in the knowledge that she was through to the next round.
她打完比赛，知道自己已进入下一轮，心里踏实了。
3) 安全的，稳妥的safe
The children felt secure near their parents.孩子们在父母身边感到安全
▲Information must be stored so that it is secure from accidental deletion.
必须把资料保存起来，这样才不至于无意中删除。

random随机的,随意的
random n. 随意;随机 at random
▲ The information is processed in a random order.
Names were chosen at random from a list.

awkward adj.
1. making you feel embarrassed令人尴尬的，使人难堪的
There was an awkward silence. 一阵令人尴尬的沉默
I felt awkward because they obviously wanted to be alone.
2. difficult to do/use/deal with难办的，难用的，不好操作的，难应付的，
Don’t ask awkward questions.
You’ve put me in an awkward position. 你让我处境尴尬
an awkward customer (= a person who is difficult to deal with) 难对付的家伙
▲ It was small but heavy enough to make it awkward to carry. 它虽然小，但很重，不便携带。
3. not graceful; not comfortable: 不优美的，难看的，不舒适的，动作笨拙的
He tried to dance, but he was too clumsy and awkward.
I must have slept in an awkward position—I’m aching all over.
The child is still awkward with his chopsticks. 那小孩还不太会用筷子.

reference (n.)(1)提及(2)参考
make no reference to sth. 不提及…
for future reference 以备将来查询
in/with reference to (所述内容)关于
She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans.
I wrote down the name of the hotel for future reference.
With reference to your letter of July 22, I’m very happy that you’ll learn Chinese.

precise (adj.) 精确的，明确的
precise details/instructions
at that precise moment恰好在这个时候，恰好

simplify (vt.) 使简化
The application forms have now been simplified.
▲ The tendency to simplify the process blinds them to other alternatives.
这种简化过程的倾向使他们对其他的可选项视而不见。

tendency
tendency (n.) 倾向(to); 趋势(for sb. to do sth)
▲ There is a growing tendency among employers to hire casual staff.
tend (vi.) 往往会,常常就(tend to do); 趋向(tend to sth.); 照料 (tend (to) sb./sth)
Women tend to live longer than men.
His views tend towards the extreme.
Doctors and nurses tended the injured.

reliable (adj.)可信赖的
We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working.
Our information comes from a reliable source.

compulsory
It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets.
English is a compulsory subject at this level.
compulsory education / schooling
compulsory redundancies

survival
[U] 生存，幸存，存货
the struggle for survival 为生存而斗争或拼搏
His only chance of survival was a heart transplant. 只有心脏移植他才有望活下去。
Continued trade in these products is a threat to the survival of the species.
持续买卖这些产品威胁着这个物种的生存。

incident 事件，插曲，事变
incident一般用作可数名词，可表示“(一事件中的)小小波澜，小插曲，小纠纷”。
incident还可作“事件，事变”，主要指由国际纠纷而导致的战争，由于对当局的不满而发生的叛乱、凶杀或爆炸等事件。
incident还可作“不愉快的情况”解，可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。
An incident like this cannot happen again without detriment to our business relations.
象这样的事件如再发生就必然损害我们的业务关系。
This incident really let me know that I have a long way to go.
这件小事让我了解我精进的道路还有很长的一段路要走。
This incident will surely bring on a crisis. 这次突发事件定将导致一场危机。
There was a shooting incident near here last night.
The Lugouqiao incident occurred on July 7,1937. 芦沟桥事变发生于1937年7月7日.
The serious incident along the border increased our fears of the war.
边境上的紧张局势加重了我们对战争的忧虑。

departure 离开，出发，启程
His sudden departure threw the office into chaos. 他的突然离去是这个部分陷入一片混乱。
Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure. 航班应在起飞前48小时予以确认。
They have received no news of him since his departure from the island.

crew (pl.) (轮船，飞机上的)全体工作人员；（工作）队
a film/camera crew 电影摄制组，摄制组
The ship set sail after all the crew came on board.全体船员上船后，船就开了。
The plane crashed, killing all its passengers and crew.飞机失事了，所有乘客和机组人员都遇难了。

deposit
1. [+adv. / prep.] to put or lay sb/sth down in a particular place: 放下，放置
She deposited a pile of books on my desk.
(informal) I was whisked off in a taxi and deposited outside the hotel.
2. to put money into a bank account: 将（钱）存入银行，存储
Millions were deposited in Swiss bank accounts.

Those of us on board the “Bounty” were caught in a dilemma.(P17)
on board 在船上；在飞行器上
Have the passengers gone on board yet?
Waving goodbye to everyone, she got on board the train.
=Waving goodbye to everyone, she boarded the train.
be caught/facing in a dilemma 陷入两难境地
The poor girl is caught in/facing the dilemma of obeying her father or marrying the man she loves.
in a dilemma about/over 处于两难境地
The president was clearly in a dilemma over how to deal with the crisis.
Two of my friends are having parties on the same day, and I’m in a real dilemma about which to go to.

dusk 黄昏，薄暮
Dusk was falling.
By dusk we had reached a place called Lion Forest.
At dusk the lights of the city come on.
They worked from dawn to dusk.

routine n. 常规
adj. 常规的，例行公事的
Make exercise a part of your daily routine.
The fault was discovered during a routine check.

reckon vt 想，认为(think)；计算，估计，估算(calculate approximately, guess)；
reckon on 指望、依靠
reckon sb as 把……看做
They reckon him as their enemy他们把他看做敌人.
The play was reckoned a success.
▲ I reckon you are lucky to have got the house so cheaply. 我认为你很幸运能那么便宜买下那幢房子.
I reckoned it will cost $400.
Have you reckoned all the charges?
Did you reckon the taxi fares in?
You can’t reckon on good weather.
▲ Don't reckon upon your relatives to help you out of trouble. 不要指望你的亲戚会帮助你摆脱困境.

starvation
starvation n. 饥饿, 饿死 die of starvation
starve v.饥饿, 饿死 starve to death
Thousands and thousands of people there are on the point of starvation.
那儿成千上万的人都面临着饿死的危险。

tension n. （情绪上的）紧张，不安；紧张(局势，关系，状况)； 张力，绷紧程度
We laughed and that helped ease the tension. 我们笑了，因而使紧张的情绪缓和下来。
Our tension increased as we waited for the result.
The tension of the Far East is building up again.中东的形势又逐步紧张起来。
The rope will take 50 pounds tension.绳子可承受50镑的拉力.

gradual 逐渐的，逐步的
a gradual change in the climate
Recovery from the disease is very gradual.
▲ Computerization has resulted in the gradual disappearance of many manual jobs.
计算机化导致了许多手工工作的逐渐消失。
gradually adv. 逐渐地
▲ The rock gradually wears away due to the action of the water.由于水的作用，岩石逐渐磨损。

foresee vt. foresaw foreseen 预见, 预知
No one could have foreseen that things would turn out his way.
▲ Those who can foresee difficulties on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear.
在走向成功的路途中能够预见到困难的人在困难真正出现的时候常常能保持冷静的态度。

thirst n. 口渴；渴望
a thirst for knowledge如饥如渴的求知欲
thirsty adj. 口渴的；渴望be thirsty for

set loose=let loose 释放, 放松
He set loose the bird and it flew away.

tear (vt.) 撕裂，撕碎，撕破，扯破 (tore, torn)
tear…open 撕开
tear sth apart 撕碎；使四分五裂，使分崩离析
tear sth. up 撕碎，撕毁（文件）
tear… into pieces 把……撕成碎片
tear sth. down 拆除(建筑物，墙等)
I tore a hole in my jeans.我的牛仔裤挂了个窟窿。
The dogs tore the fox apart. 几只狗把那只狐狸撕成了碎片。
Racial conflict is tearing the country apart.
She tore up all the letters he had sent her.
She was so angry that she tore the letter into pieces.
The old farmhouse was torn down.
tear n. 眼泪 in tears / burst into tears 流眼泪
I found him in tears in his bedroom我看到他在房间里流泪
she burst into tears when she heard the news当她听到这个消息她突然大哭起来

hardship [U,C] 艰难,困苦
a time of great economic hardship 经济极度困难的时期
People suffered many hardships during that long winter.
It was no hardship to walk home on such a lovely evening.
Be the first to bear hardships, the last to enjoy comforts.吃苦在别人前头，享受在别人后头。
His father went through all kinds of hardships in the old society.他的父亲在旧社会吃尽了苦头。

accelerate
1. to happen or to make sth happen faster or earlier than expected:
[v] Inflation continues to accelerate.
[vn] Exposure to the sun can accelerate the ageing process.2.
2. [v] (of a vehicle or person) to start to go faster:
The runners accelerated smoothly around the bend.
The car accelerated to overtake me.

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