选修六unit5知识点.doc

U5(选修六)
1 volcano n. 复数—volcanoes火山
an active volcano活火山
an extinct volcano死火山
a dormant volcano休眠火山
volcanology火山学
volcanologist火山学家
pianist钢琴家
physicist物理学家
Novelist小说家

2. erupt
1)（火山）爆发，喷发
Mount Vesuvius hasn’t erupted for a good many years. 维苏威火山已经多年没有爆发了。
2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发
Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason.
街头暴力可以在没有明显原因的情况下爆发。
erupt into laughter/shouting/crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭
He erupted into laughter without any reason. 他毫无理由地大笑起来。

3. alongside
alongside= with  “和”
It’s a pleasure to work alongside such men. 与这样的人一起工作是一件乐事。
beside “在..旁边”
The boat pulled up alongside the dock.
adv. 在旁边;沿着;靠拢着;并排地
The police car pulled up alongside. 那辆警车在旁边停下

4 equipment n.配备,装备
The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year.
把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。
equip v.装备,使有准备使能够做某事
Equip ourselves with knowledge
Equip the army with modern weapons

5.
bored  (人)厌烦的
boring （物）令人厌烦的
I am bored with the same old routine day after day.
The  book is boring.
bore v. (尤指无聊的长话)使(人)厌烦

—I am sorry I spoke for so long很抱歉说了这么长时间；
—I hope I didn’t  bore you.希望你没有厌烦。
bore sb. to death   使某人厌烦得要命
He is always asking the same question which bores me to death.
他老是问同样的问题，真是烦死我了。
bore n.令人厌烦的人,令人厌烦的事
Doing housework is a real bore. 做家务真是令人烦透了。

6.appoint    约定,指定;安排
Our visitors arrived at the appointed time. 我们的来宾在约定的时间到达了。
appoint sb. as/to be vt.任命,指派    
They appointed him (to be) manager. 他们任命他为经理。
appointment     n.
(尤指正式的)约会   +with+to-v
I have an appointment with them in the evening. 今晚我与他们有个约会。

7. evaluate v.评估，评价
I cannot evaluate his ability without seeing his work. 没见过他的工作，我无法评估他的能力。
evaluation n. 评估，评价
They made an intensive evaluation of the health care program.

8. burn to the ground 完全(楼房等)烧毁
He has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground.
他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧掉了。
与burn搭配的常用词组有： (burn-burnt-burnt)
①burn away烧掉
Half of the candle had burnt away. 蜡烛已烧掉一半了。
②burn down 渐渐烧完
The room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 随着炉火逐渐减弱，屋里越来越冷。
③burn sth. down 把……烧得精光
Don‘t forget to turn off the gas----you might burn the house down.
别忘了关煤气，不然会把房子烧掉。
④burn up 烧得更旺
He put more wood on the fire to make it burn up. 他往火里续了些木柴，让它烧得旺些。
⑤burn sth. up 把……烧掉
He has burnt up all the garden rubbish. 他已把花园里的垃圾全烧掉了。

9 However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one.
然而火山喷发本身的确是很壮观的，我永远也忘不了我第一次看见火山喷发时的情景。
在“主语+be+形容词+不定时”句型中，有时主语是不定时结构的逻辑主语，这时应用主动形式表示被动含义。适合于此结构的形容词比较多，最常用的有amusing, dangerous, difficult, easy, important, nice, pleasant 等

当上述形容词在句子做宾语补足语，后接不定时，不定时也用主动形式表被动意义
That question is difficult to answer.
Chicken legs are nice to eat.
I found him easy to get along with.
They don’t think the game interesting to play.

10 Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice.
由于我已经在夏威夷经历过好几次地震，所以我并没过多注意。
Having……分词短语在句中作状语，表示动作发生在主句动作take notice之前。
Eg:Having cleaned the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.
Eg:Having been flooded for several weeks, the city needed food.

Experience
动词 “体验，经历”
名词“经验，体验（不可数）
“经历，体会（可数）
The old man experienced two world wars
She has had two years’ experience in teaching.
He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Europe.

Take notice of sb/sth注意到（常用于否定句）
Take no notice of what others say about your way of life.别理会别人对你的生活方式的批评。

11 fountain
1.泉水;喷泉;水源
A beautiful stone fountain was set in the middle of the garden.
花园中央砌造了一个漂亮的石头喷水池。
2(知识等的)源泉;根源[(+of)]
Ancient Greece was a fountain of wisdom and philosophy. 古希腊是智慧和哲学的源泉。

12. absolute  adj. 完全的，真实的
It’s an absolute fact.

absolutely    adv.完全地，无条件地,完全对
absolutely right       十分对，对极了，当然（口语，作为对一问题的回答或评语）
-Do you let your kids walk alone at night? 你让你的孩子晚上单独行走吗？
-Absolutely not. 当然不是。(不是Absolute not)

13.suit
n. (一套)衣服  [C]
I picked out a black suit.

vt.  1. 适合,中...的意
The arrangement suited us both. 这个安排对我们两人都合适。
2. (不用被动式)与...相配,与...相称
This dress suits you beautifully. 这件衣服你穿非常合适。
vi.相称;彼此协调[(+to/with)]
The position suits with his abilities.

14 make one’s way向某地走去,  有出息
She hesitated, but made her way forward. 她犹豫了一下,但向前走去.
She hastily left the room ,and made her way to her bed她快速离开房间,朝她床边走去.
If you want to make your way in the world, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.
你若想要有出息,趁年轻的时候要学会发奋.
make way (for)让路,让位
All the traffic has to make way for a fire engine所有的车辆都得给救火车让路.
I shall make way for a younger man. 我将把职务让给更年轻的人.

feel one’ way摸索前进
push one’s way挤过
find one’s way找到路，设法到达
go one’s way走自己的路，我行我素
fight one’s way奋勇前进
wind one’s /its way蜿蜒前进
lose one’s way迷路

15 Today, I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started.如今，我和当初从事这项工作时一样满怀热情。
在句中，the day 作复合连词用，引导时间状语从句I first started

名词短语each time, every time, the moment（一……就）和the day 等都可以用作复合名词，引导时间状语从句，使用时注意短语前面不可以有介词，后面不用when.
I will give him your message the minute he arrives
Every time he says” to tell the truth” I suspect that he is about to tell a lie.
He bought a computer the day he got his salary

16.potential
n.  [U]. 可能性;潜力,潜能    (+for)
She has acting potential,（=has a potential for acting） but she needs training. 她有表演潜力，但需要训练。
potential: 潜在的；潜力
Education develops potential abilities.教育能开发人的潜能。
It was his high school teacher that discovered his potential and kept encouraging him.
是他的高中老师发现了他的潜力，并且不断地鼓励他。

17 candidate
名词 n. 1. 候选人;候补者
They were in favor of the Democratic candidate for President. 他们支持民主党总统候选人。
2. 求职应征者
Milo was the strongest candidate for the job. 米洛在求职应征者中具备最好的条件。

18. precious
adj.   贵重的,宝贵的,珍贵的
He has sent me most precious gifts. 他送给我极为珍贵的礼物。
Time is precious. 时间是宝贵的。

19.unconscious  adj.
1. 不省人事的,失去知觉的（+for）
He injured his head and was unconscious for one hour.   他伤着了头部,一个小时没有知觉。
2. 不知道的,未发觉的     (+of)
They were so quiet that he was completely unconscious of their presence.
他们非常安静,他完全不知道他们在场。
3. 无意识的,不知不觉的
an unconscious error无意识犯的错误

20.shoot    vt.   (shoot-shot -shot)
1.发射,放射
He shot the arrow from the bow.他拉弓把箭射了出去。
2. 拍摄
The new movie was shot in Africa.这部新的影片是在非洲拍摄的。
3.射(门);投(篮);击(球);掷(骰子)
He shot two goals in the game.在比赛中,他进了两个球。
n. 幼芽,幼枝

21 .tremble    vi.
tremble with …因…而发抖
tremble for …为…而担心

1. 发抖;震颤    +with
Her voice trembled with anger. 她的声音因愤怒而颤抖。
They trembled with cold. 他们冷得发抖。
2. 焦虑,担忧    +at/for 或 +to do
She trembled for/at her daughter's safety. 她为女儿的安全而焦虑不安。
3. 摇晃,摇动
The whole house trembled as the train went by. 火车开过时,整幢房子都晃动。
n.    震颤,发抖;震动

22. anxious  adj.
1. 焦虑的,挂念的   +about /at / for
I'm anxious about/at/for her safety.
我对她的安全担心。
2. 令人焦虑的
The days of the earthquake was an anxious time for all of us.
地震的那段时间是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。
3. 渴望的      for / +to-v / +that
We're anxious for your safe return. 我们盼望你平安归来。
I'm really anxious to see him. 我急于见他。

anxiety  n.
1. 焦虑,挂念    [U] [C]       + about / for
The mother was filled with anxiety about her daughter's health. 母亲为女儿的健康忧心忡忡。
2. 焦虑的原因;令人焦虑之事   [C] +to
That is a great anxiety to me. 那是一件使我深感焦虑的事情。

3. 渴望   [C]    +for / +to-v
Their anxiety to go was obvious.他们想去的急切心情是显而易见的。

23 panic v. / n.(使)恐慌,惊慌失措
He had to force himself not to panic. V,
He got into a panic when he found the door was locked.陷入恐慌 n.
Be in a panic在惊慌中

24 Glance through/at /down/over浏览，匆匆看一遍
I only had time to glance at the newspaper.我只来得及浏览了一下报纸。
He glanced briefly down the list of names.他草草看了一遍名单。
She glanced through the report.他大致浏览了一下报告。

25 Vary v.“变化”
The security always varies its route. 保安车常常改变路线。
“彼此相异”
Opinions on this matter vary.（彼此）在这问题上意见很不一致。

Vary from ……to…… 在……到……之间变动
The temperature varies from time to time.
The weather varied from very cold to quite mild.
Vary with随……而变化
Leaves varies with the seasons.

various   adj. different from each other， of different kinds
There has been snow today in various parts of the country. 今天全国不同地区都下了雪。
The products we sell are many and various. 我们出售的产品是各式各样的。

variety n.
1) = change (质量,种类和特征的)变化
He doesn’t like the work because it lacks variety. 他不喜欢这工作，因为它单调乏味。
2) = kind 种类,品种:
different varieties of bananas不同种类的香蕉
a variety of   许多，各种各样
These T-shirts are available in a wide variety of colors. 这些体恤有各种各样的颜色供挑选.

26.  diversity=variety 变化多样, 多样性
The plants of Asia show great diversity of form. 亚洲的植物形态多种多样.
There must be a wide diversity of opinions.(对此)准会纵说纷纭.

27 appreciate 动词 “ 感激；赏识”后接从句或ing形式（绝不加to do)
欣赏,赏识
Her talent for music was not appreciated. 她的音乐才能无人赏识。
感谢,感激
They deeply appreciated his kindness. 他们对他的好意深表感谢。
appreciate+形式宾语it+从句，it指代宾语从句
如果你能教我用电脑，我将不胜感激
I would appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.

28 It is said this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
Have a gift for对……有天赋。此处“gift”意为“天才，天赋”
Have a gift for poetry/art/language
He is a man of many gifts.
他是一个多才多艺的人。

29 guarantee
n.保证, 保证书, 担保
The TV set has a year‘s guarantee. 这架电视机有一年的保修期。
You have my guarantee that I'll finish the job on time. 我向你保证按时完成工作。
V. “保证;担保”
Perfect satisfaction is guaranteed to our customers. 保证我们的顾客完全满意。
I can guarantee it’s true ---I saw it myself.我能保证那是真的－我亲眼看见。