Book-3-Unit-4-Appendix-2-Understanding-the-Text-答案8.14.doc

Book 3—Unit 4—Appendix 2
Understanding the Text
Unit 4 The Making of a Hero
Step 1: Focus on Meaning
1.1 Skimming and Predicting: Read the title and the first paragraph. Then answer the following questions orally.
*What happened to the young Mexican man?
He died.
* Predict the end of the story. What do you think is going to happen?
His organs were donated.

1.2 Skimming and Predicting Again: Read the last two paragraphs and answer the following questions orally.
*How did the author feel that night? Why?
He was in tears. He never felt better about his job because he realized the meaning of being able to save others and helping ordinary people become heroes
*What do you think is the main idea of the text at this point? Did you guess the ending of the story correctly?

1.3. Scanning: Read paragraphs 1 through 6 in detail and fill in the blanks.
The young Mexican man was 19/in the prime of his life when he fell down. He died from a(n) brain disease on a Sunday afternoon. He was then sent to the hospital but no matter how hard they tried the doctors were and no matter how hard they tried, he was already clinically dead.
The young man’s father hadn’t seen his son for three years, and it would be a sad goodbye/farewell for him.
The hospital still kept the young man’s body functioning because his family needed a body to embrace/hug and because he was a perfect organ donor.
The author’s job was to approach the father and talk to him about organ donation. According to the author, there are several steps to organ donation: informing the procurement agency; figuring out the matching patient; removing the parts and organs; and giving them to the patients. The author had to do some paperwork and felt bad about it.

1.4. Scanning: Read paragraphs 7 through 22 in detail and answer the following questions. Use key words only.
1. Why was it difficult for the author to look into the father’s eyes?
Because the author felt guilty: he had to ask the desperate father if his son’s organs would be donated .
2. What did the author explain to the father?
He told the father what had happened to his son and that there was no way to save his son. He also explained to the father the concept of organ donation and how that worked. He also explained what a real hero was.
3. How did the father react?
The father seemed to understand quite well and accepted his son’s death. But when he heard about organ donation, the father showed amazement.
4. How would the author define the word, hero?
According to the author, the word hero means a person who doesn’t think of himself first, who is willing to make sacrifice, and who will give up his own life for others’.
5. What happened the next day?
The author met the father again the next day and the father agreed to donate his son’s organs.
6. According to the author, how many lives could the young man save? How?
At least ten but actually countless. He could save at least ten people with his kidneys, liver, lungs, eyes, etc. In the text, the young man is just a profile of all organ donors. If everyone were willing to donate, countless people would be helped or saved.

7. What did the father decide he would do after going back to his hometown? Why?
The father would put up a plaque for his son in the local church because he wanted his son to be admired as a hero. He was proud of him.
Step 2: Focus on Language
2.1. Sentence Translation
* His friends had all shown up with high hopes that sophisticated American doctors could save him. For all intents and purposes, the young man was already gone. (para.2)
朋友们纷纷前来探望，对医术精湛的美国医生寄予厚望，希望能挽救他的生命。但一切都是徒劳，年轻人已经去世，他的大脑已经死亡。

* Then the "harvesting" teams fly in, go into the operating room and take the parts they need. Then they fly back to their own hospitals, where anxious patients are waiting. (para.4)
随后收割”队会火速赶到医院，进入手术室拿走需要的器官，然后火速赶回各自的医院：心急如焚的病人正等在那儿。

* When I came into the room, the father's pleading eyes caught mine and there was no place for either of us to hide. (para.7)
我走进病房，与那位父亲四目相对，他的目光中全是恳求，我们彼此都无法回避。
学生：当我进入病房，这位父亲用哀求的眼睛盯着我，让我们无处躲避。
* He seemed to understand that death would come no matter what we did, and his face slightly signaled acceptance. He quickly made his peace with death. (para. 8)
他似乎明白了我们无论做什么儿子都没法活下来，脸上的表情也流露出些许认命的意思。他很快接受了现实。

* I could relate. I've been doing this for a long time, and I am still awed by the concept of organ transplantation. (para. 12)
我能理解他的感受，虽然自己做这一行已经很久了，但我仍然对器官移植这一概念充满敬畏。

* This man would not return to his little village in defeat, sad and grieving. He would go home the proud, respected father. We could make his son a hero and send him home in glory. (para.14)
这个男人不会带着失败、悲悲戚戚地回到他的小村庄，而是以一个满怀骄傲、倍受尊敬的父亲身份回家。
* With his skin we can heal the burns that otherwise would be forever painful, and with his bones we can help many people walk. With his eyes he will bring sight to two people who would be in darkness without him. (para. 19)
用他的皮肤，我们能治愈烧伤，否则的话病人将终身痛苦。用他的骨头，我们能使许多人站起来行走。用他的眼睛，我们能为两个人带来光明，若不是因为他，他们将生活在在黑暗之中。

* That night, when I filled out the death form, my tears fell on the part that asked if the family was approached about organ donation. I had never felt better about what I do. (para.21)
那天晚上，当我填完那张意味着死亡的表格，我的泪水滴落在表格的有没有和家属商榷器官捐赠的那部分上。我从未对自己的职业感觉如此之好。
学生：。。。。。。我的眼泪落在了询问该家庭是否捐献器官的地方

2.2. Structural Analysis
1. For all intents and purposes, the young man was already gone. (para. 2)
* The expression for all intents and purposes means 从任何一点来看 in Chinese.
* Translate: 我们还要再核实下你的推荐信，但实际上你已经得到这份工作了。
We still need to verify your letter of recommendation. However, for all intents and purposes, you’ve got the job.

2. First, to have a body to embrace is in the best interests of the family when they say goodbye. (para. 3)
* The pronoun it is a(n) expletive or formal subject.
* Give three more examples.
Ø It doesn't matter how you feel, only what you do.
Ø It is a wonder that he lived after falling from the roof of a ten- story building. (noun clause)
Ø It doesn’t matter whether you are black or white, you can grow up in America and be anything that you want to be. (noun clause)
Ø It doesn’t matter when you hand in your book report. (noun clause)
Ø It is of significant importance to use theaters and museums as the “social classroom" of culture and history education. (infinitive phrase)
Ø It annoyed her to see someone spitting on the ground. (infinitive phrase)
Ø It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you and because mistakes are an essential part of education. (present participial phrase)

2.3. Usage
1. When I came into the room, the father's pleading eyes caught mine and there was no place for either of us to hide. (para 7)
* The word pleading is a present participle.
* Find four more sentences within the text that contain similar grammatical terms and discuss with your partner.
When I came into the room, the father's pleading eyes caught mine and there was no place for either of us to hide. (para.7)
I explained how that worked, and he looked truly amazed. (para.12)
This man would not return to his little village in defeat, sad and grieving. (para.14)

* Practice.
I'm bored (感到无聊的) of my boring (无聊的) job and want to find another one.
He’s interested (感兴趣的) in the interesting (有趣的) book he borrowed from the library.
We thought that the confusing (令人困惑的) instructions made us confused (困惑的).
Young children are often frightened (感到害怕的) by the frightening (令人害怕的) dark.

2. He seemed to understand that death would come no matter what we did, and his face slightly signaled acceptance. (para.8)
The highlighted word is an example of word conversion.
* Complete the following sentences.
The public shoulders (肩负) the ultimate risk while the bankers profit (赚取) most of the rewards.
You can fool (愚弄) all of the people some of the time or some of the people all of the time, but you cannot fool (愚弄) all of the people all of the time.
更多例子：
It was an unusual goal for a man in his eighties to father twelve children before his death. (noun→verb)
Sometimes one just needs a good cry. (verb→noun)
To forgive others is to free yourself from the disabling chains of regret. (adjective→verb)
She dealt with the ups and downs of a long life with a smile and the will to keep on going. (preposition→noun)
No ifs, ands, or buts! You will finish it today. (conjunction→noun)
I love the ho ho hos of Christmas time. (interjection→noun)

Step 3: Further Practice.
Option 1: Make a dialogue between the author and the father.

Option 2: Design a monologue for the author or the father.

Option 3: Act out the whole story in groups.

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