Unit-10-You’-re-supposed-to-shake-hands知识点及练习题.doc

九年级英语讲义
Unit 10 You’ re supposed to shake hands
Section A
一．短语积累
1.be supposed to do 被期望做，应该 2.shake hands 握手
3.be expected to do 被期望做某事 4.as soon as 一…就…
5.to one’s surprise 令人惊讶的是 6. drop by 顺便拜访 7．make plans to do sth. 制定计划做某事 8. as...as sb. can= as...as possible 尽可能…
9. on time 准时 10. after all 毕竟
11．ask/ invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
12．make an effort to do sth. 千方百计做某事 13．It’s no big deal.这没有什么大不了的
二．重难点解析
1. be ( not ) supposed to do sth.
suppose v. “认定；假定”的意思，这里用的是被动形式表示：被 (不被)期望 /应该做某事
强调礼仪中该做与不该做的，用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，意思可以相当于should
① You’re supposed to kiss. = You should kiss.
② You are not supposed to smoke here.= You shouldn’t smoke here.
③ It is supposed to be very hot there.据说，大家认为那儿很热。
3. Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.在我们那个地方，我们的时间观念比较随意。
* Where I’m from是地点状语从句，where为引导词，“在……的地方”
Where there’s a will, there is a way.
4. It’s Okay if you arrive a bit late.如果你稍微迟一点还行。
a bit在此作状语修饰late,表示“稍微，一点儿”，可以与a little互用，既可修饰形容词、副词的比较级，也可以修饰原级。
She’s feeling a bit tired.
a bit of 与a little 可互换用，用于修饰不可数名词
注意：not a bit= not at all表示一点也不，而not a little = very/ very much许多，很，不只一点点
Are you tired? No, not a bit.你累吗？ 一点也不累！
7. We don’t usually have to make plans to meet our friends.
make a plan / plans to do 计划做…
We made a plan to go hiking yesterday.
We have made plans for the holidays.
plan还可以作为动词，如计划做某事，用plan to do sth / plan on doing sth.
We’re planning to visit Tibet this summer.
Don’t plan on visiting Beijing in winter, because it’s too windy and cold.
make plans/ a plan to do sth. 计划做某事﹦plan to do sth.
9. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time.
it用作形式主语，代替了真正的主语to be 这一不定式不定式可以作主语，但往往用it作形式主语来代替。
To help others is good when they are in trouble.
It’s good to help others when they are in trouble.

11.If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.
get mad 大动肝火，气愤(强调动作和过程)
be mad 感觉很生气(表示状态)
be/ get mad at /with sb.生某人的气= be/ get angry with sb.
be/ get mad about sth. 因某事而生气
13.I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think it’s impolite to keep others waiting.我总是早早离开家以避免交通拥挤因为我认为让别人等待是不礼貌的。划线部分是一个原因状语从句，其中又含有一个宾语从句。
It’s polite∕rude/ impolite to do sth. 做某事是有礼貌的/不礼貌的
这个句式和以前接触过的句式类似，形式主语是it，后面的动词不定式是真正的主语。
It’s rude to point at anyone with your chopsticks.
It’s polite to say hello to your parents when you leave for school.
keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事
keep (on) doing sth. 一直做某事
keep sb. from doing sth.= stop sb.(from) doing sth.= prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
16.you are supposed to / are expected to knock before entering.=befor you enter.(时间状语)
knock vi. 敲门，其后常接介词at/on
v. 碰撞， knock into 与…相撞； knock down 撞到
n. 敲击声；敲击 There is a knock at the door.
三．语法精讲：动词不定式
不定时的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）动词原形。
一、 动词不定式的句法功能
功能
例句
说明
主语
To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak English. 讲英语对我们来说不容易。
作主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。
表语
My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean the room every day is my work. 我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。
多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换作为主语。
宾语
—What sports does he like to play?他喜欢做什么运动？
—He likes to play basketball.他喜欢打篮球。
只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。
宾补
My mother made me play the piano all the time.
我妈妈让我一直弹钢琴。
在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官动词后，不定式省略to。
定语
Have you got anything to say? 你有要说的吗？
不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语
I'm sorry to trouble you.（表原因）很抱歉，给你添麻烦了。
I went to the library to study English.表目的）
不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。
1. 不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末
其结构为：It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）+动词不定式
如：To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well.
It’s important for us to protect the environment.
注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如：
It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。
It's very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真是太聪明啦。
2. 不定式作宾语
① 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：
would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。如：
Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗？
②在find, think，feel, make后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。如： I find it easy to read English every day.
③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式
Why not do..., Why don't you do..., had better（not）do..., would rather do,
could/would/will you please（not）do...
I would rather stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。
3. 不定式作宾语补足语
不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西让他关小收音机。
tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如：My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。
注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动有：
一感（feel）、二听（hear, listen to）、三让（let, make, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如： My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。
4. 不定式作定语
①不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
②如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。
There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。
5.不定式作状语
表示目的、原因、结果或条件。
I came here to see you . (目的)
We were very excited to hear the news. (原因)
He hurried to the school to find nobody there. (结果)
6.不定式作表语
My job is to help the patient.
7.不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如：The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。
He didn't know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。
Section B
重难点解析
2. Point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着别人。
point…at …瞄准，对着 He is pointing his finger at me.
point…to…指向 The hour hand pointed to twelve.
Point…out 指出 The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework.
5. I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it.
be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于，适应于
I’m not used to speaking like that.

This machine is used to clean the windows.
This machine is used for cleaning the windows.
8. I have to say, I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to things, and don’t find them so strange any more.
find it difficult to do sth 发现做某事很难
it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to do sth
He finds it difficult to stop smoking.
get used to sth/doing = be used to sth/doing
10.Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs.让我给你一些关于中国风俗的建议和意见。
①give sb. some suggestions and advice 给某人提出一些建议和意见
make/ offer a suggestion 提出建议
ask for a suggestion 征求建议
②suggest v. 建议 suggest/ advise doing sth.
Suggest + that 从句(用虚拟语气 should 可以省略)
We suggested / advised putting off the sports meet.
She suggests that we should start early tomorrow.
③suggest v. 暗示 What he said suggested he was honest.
④advice n. 不可数；忠告，劝告，建议
a piece of advice 一条建议 some pieces of advice/ some advice 一些建议
advise v. advise doing sth. 建议做某事 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
练习题
1.单项填空
1.With the Internet，news can _____ every corner of the world quickly.
A. arrive B reach
C. get D. return
2. We go to school every day _____ Saturdays and Sundays.
A. beside B. besides
C. except D. except for
3. You are not supposed to _____ in class.
A. make faces B. make noise
C. listen carefully D.A and B
4. They go out ______ their way to make me ______ at home.
A. for；feel B. of；to feel
C. to；feels D. of；feel
5. Listening to soft music can make you _____ .
A. relaxing B. to feel relaxed
C. feel relaxed D. felt relaxed
6. Your uncle was supposed _____ here an hour ago.
A. to be B. to coming
C. to go D. to going
7. —What do you think of the man？
—I find _____ difficult to work with him.
A. him B. me C. it D. that
8. I’m _____ to see you again.
A. please B. pleasure
C. pleased D. pleasing
9. _____ they are very tired, they feel very happy because they’ve finally finished their project.
A. So B. Although
C. If D. But
10. Nick, would you mind _____ those old jeans? They look terrible.
A. not to wear B. not wear
C. wearing not D. not wearing
11. It is all right if you come _____ late.
A. a bit of B. a little of
C. a bit D. too much
12. People in China _____ when they meet for the first time.
A. bow B. kiss
C. shake hands D. laugh
13. Look out！The cup is _____ hot water.
A. full of B. fill with
C. full D. fill
14. The new car has been here for several days._____ is it?
A. Whose B. What
C. Where D. Who
15. Last weekend many people went to the concert, _____young people.
A. hardly B. probably
C. mostly D. really
2.完形填空
There are many differences between Chinese and Western eating habits. In the West，everyone has their own 1 of food. But in China the dishes are 2 on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated by a Chinese host，there must be 3 food prepared for you. Chinese are very 4 of their culture and will do their best to show their hospitality （好客）.
And sometimes the Chinese host uses their 5 to put food in your bowl or plate. This is a sign of politeness. The proper thing to do would be to eat the whatever-it-is and say how 6 it is. If you feel uncomfortable with this，you can just say a polite “Thanks” and leave the food there. Don’t 7 your chopsticks upright into the rice bowl. Instead，lay （放置） them on your dish. The reason for this is that when somebody 8 ，the shrine （神祠） to them has a bowl of sand or rice with two chopsticks which are stuck upright in it. It is impolite to set the teapot down where the spout （壶嘴） is facing 9 somebody. The spout should always be directed to where nobody is sitting，usually just outward （向外） from the table.
Don’t hit on your bowl with your chopsticks. Beggars （乞丐） hit on their bowls，so this is not polite. Also，when the food is coming too 10 in a restaurant，people will tap their bowls. If you are in someone’s home，it is like offending the cook.
1. A. table B. plate
C. favorite D. meal
2. A. made B. cooked
C. eaten D. placed
3. A. a bit of B. a bit
C. a lot of D. a little
4. A. afraid B. tired
C. proud D. certain
5. A. knives B. forks
C. hands D. chopsticks
6. A. delicious B. beautiful
C. terrible D. comfortable
7. A. fall B. throw
C. knock D. stick
8. A. comes B. goes
C. dies D. lives
9. A. against B. towards
C. over D. above
10. A. often B. early
C. slow D. fast
3.阅读理解
A
Dinner customs are different around the world. If you are a guest in Ghana (加纳),this information will help you a lot.
In Ghana, dinner is usually from four in the afternoon to six in the evening. But there are no strict rules about time. Whenever a guest arrives, a family offers food. When you go to a home, the person who receives guests takes you to the living room first. At this time everyone welcomes you. Then you go to the dining room. There you wash your hands in a bowl of water. All the food is on the table.
In Ghana you usually eat with your fingers. You eat from the same dish as everyone else. But you eat from one side of the dish only. It is not polite to get food from the other side of the dish. After dinner, you wash your hands again in a bowl of water.
Most meals in Ghana have a dish called fufu. People in Ghana make fufu from the powder(粉末) of some plants. Sometimes they cut the fufu with a saw(锯子) because it is very hard. You must chew fufu well, or you may get sick. You eat fufu with the fingers of your right hand only.
1. From the passage we know that in Ghana ______.
A. the rules for dinner time are not strict
B. dinner is always at six in the evening
C. a family offers food only at four in the afternoon
D. people usually invite their guests to dinner late in the evening
2. If you are a dinner guest in Ghana, the host always takes you to ______.
A. the dining room first B. the living room first
C. the kitchen first D. the garden first
3. People in Ghana usually eat ______.
A. from one side of a dish to the other
B. from the other side of the dish
C. with their fingers
D. with their spoons
4. In fact, most dishes in Ghana ______.
A. are cooked with the powder of some plants
B. have fufu in them
C. are too hard to eat
D .are not very hard
5. When you eat fufu , you’d better ______.
A. cut it with a saw
B. use your right hand only
C. chew it well
D. all of the above
B
This is a story about a monkey. An old man had a monkey. The old man liked the monkey very much. The monkey was very clever. When birds came to the garden，he drove （驱赶） them away. He also helped the old man in many other ways. On a hot afternoon，the old man was asleep in his chair in the garden. A fly （苍蝇） came and sat on the end of the old man’s nose. The monkey drove it away. Soon the fly came back again and sat on the old man’s nose again. Again the monkey drove it away. Again and again，the monkey became very angry. He jumped up，ran to pick up a large stone. When he came back，the fly was on the old man’s nose again. The monkey hit it with that stone. The fly fell off，but the old man’s nose was broken.
Well，many people，even our friends，sometimes do things just like the monkey. They do things too quickly but they don’t think much before they do. Maybe they sometimes bring us trouble，though they mean to do something good.

6. The monkey ______ .
A. never helped the old man
B. drove the children away from the garden
C. could do a lot of things for the old man
7.What happened when the old man was asleep？
A. The monkey was doing housework.
B.A fly came and sat on the old man’s nose.
C.A lot of birds came into the garden.
8.Why did the monkey get angry？
A. Because he didn’t pick up a stone.
B. Because he was afraid of the old man.
C. Because he couldn’t drive the fly away.
9. ______ fell off at last.
A. The old man’s nose
B. The fly
C. The monkey
10.What can we learn from the story？

A. We must think carefully before we do things.
B. The monkey can’t help us at all.
C. Don’t be angry at any time.
答案全解全析：
Ⅰ. 1.B 作“到达”讲时，只有reach是及物动词，后面可以直接加宾语。
2.C every day中不 “包含” Saturdays and Sundays。
3.D 根据句意“在课堂上你不应该_____”判断答案为D。
4.D go out of one’s way特地做某事；make sb. feel at home使某人宾至如归。
5.C 由make sb. do sth.可知答案。
6. A be supposed to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”。here 前面可用come或be，go与there 连用。
7.C 考查find+it+adj.+to do sth.结构。
8.C be pleased to do sth.意为“很高兴做某事”。
9.B 句意为“他们虽然很累，但很快乐，因为他们最终完成了他们的项目”。从句为让步状语从句，故用although。
10.D mind后跟动词的-ing形式，否定形式为mind not doing。
11.C a bit可以修饰形容词，而a bit of用来修饰名词。
12.C 句意为“在中国，当人们第一次见面时应握手”。
13.A be full of侧重于状态。根据句意“当心！杯子里装满了水”推断选A。
14.A 由句意“这辆新车已经停在这儿好几天了。它是谁的？”知应用whose。
15.C 句意为“上周末许多人去了音乐会，大部分是年轻人”。
Ⅱ.1.B 在西方，每个人都有自己盛食物的盘子。
2.D 在中国，饭菜被放在桌子上，大家共享。
3.C 由常识可知，在中国做客，主人会为你准备许多食物。
4.C 中国人以自己的文化为骄傲。be proud of...“为……感到自豪（骄傲）