世纪商务英语口译教程Unit7.doc

Unit 7 Insurance
Related Information
The Basics of Cargo Coverage
1. “ALLRISK” coverage
The broadest form of coverage is “ALLRISK”, which, as a misleading name for an insurance policy, provides wide cover but does contain a number of exclusions. The term “All Risks” should not be taken too literally and in some jurisdictions the term is no longer used.
An “ALLRISK” policy insures approved general merchandise in the event of physical loss or damage from any external cause. This includes new packaged goods without unusual susceptibility to loss from breakage, pilferage, or the nature of the goods themselves. “ALLRISK” policies do not cover all losses possible in the course of an international shipment.
2. General Average
In order to save a ship in peril of sinking during a storm, some of the cargo may have to be thrown overboard. The ship owner and the owners of the saved cargo obviously benefit at the expense of the owners of the jettisoned cargo. This was deemed unfair and the principle of “General Average” evolved so that all parties would contribute in such a situation.
3. (With) Particular Average (WPA)
In ocean marine insurance, Particular Average refers to a loss either partial or total, which falls on one or more property or interest being shipped, as opposed to a general average.
4. Free of Particular Average (FPA)
This is an ocean marine policy provision where coverage is provided only if a total loss of the insured property occurs from an insured peril.
FPA (American clause) is limited coverage that usually applies to used merchandise, waste materials and goods shipped subject to an ondeck bill of lading. It covers partial and total losses due to FPA perils, which include the sinking, stranding, burning or collision of the vessels or catastrophic perils on shore such as earthquake, derailment, collapse of dock, fire, etc.
5. WAR RISK
Special coverage on cargo in overseas ships against the risk of being confiscated by a government in wartime. It is excluded from standard ocean marine insurance and can be purchased separately.
6. Inherent Vice
Certain goods are, by their very nature, susceptible to damage and it would be unreasonable to expect insurers to pay for such damage. Examples of Inherent Vice are deterioration of Perishable Goods, spontaneous fermentation or combustion of improperly dried grain.
7. WAREHOUSETOWAREHOUSE protection
Most cargo insurance protects goods in transit from the time they leave the shipper’s warehouse until they reach the consignee’s warehouse, as long as they are not taken out of the normal course of transit by the insured.
Lead-in
1. Listening
1. D 2. B
Tape Script:
Tim is talking to Judd about the insurance of a product order.
Tim: Good morning, this is Tim. Is that Judd?
Judd: Yes, this is Judd speaking.
Tim: I’m calling to discuss the insurance coverage you requested for your order.
Judd: Good, we requested an amount thirty percent above the invoice value.
Tim: We have no problem complying with your request, but we think that the amount is a bit excessive. You know according to our usual practice，we insure the goods only for 10% above the invoice value.
Judd: Yeah, but in the past, we’ve really been put in a bind because of damaged goods.
Tim: I understand your concern. However, usual coverage for goods of this type is the total invoice amount plus only ten percent.
Judd: We could feel more comfortable, though, with thirty percent.
Tim: Unfortunately, if you want the increase in coverage, the extra premium will be for your account.
Judd: But shouldn’t your quotation include adequate coverage against risks?
Tim: That quotation involved normal coverage, but not all. So I suggest you contact your insurance agent there and compare rates.
Judd: OK. Thanks. I’ll check it out.
2. Spot Dictation
Part 1 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5.F
Part 2 1.practice 2. insurance 3. insure
4. the People’s Insurance Company of China 5. premium 6. covered
Tape Script:
Sophia: According to our usual practice, we do business with our customers on a CIF basis, Mr. Smith.
Smith: That’ s good . It will save us a lot of time because we don’t need to deal with so many insurance formalities. But I’d like to know how much the premium is .
Sophia: Well, Mr. Smith, it will vary according to the types of risks to be covered.
Smith: I see. Which company do you usually insure with?
Sophia: We always insure our goods with the People’s Insurance Company of China.
Smith: That’s great. May I ask what insurance you will cover according to your usual CIF terms for these glassware?
Sophia: We usually insure against All Risks for glassware.

Smith: Including War Risk?
Sophia: No, War Risk is a special additional risk and it has to be arranged separately. Generally speaking, it is not necessary to insure against that risk ,as All Risks has provided enough protection to your order.
Smith: I see. Thank you for your information.
Text A
Language Study
1. insurance
① n. the contract made by a company or society, or by the state to provide a guarantee of compensation for loss, damage, sickness, death, etc in return for regular payment 保险
◆People without insurance had to pay for their own repairs.
arrange/cover/ effect / provide/ take out + insurance 办理保险
◆Under FOB terms, insurance is to be covered by the buyer.
insurance company 保险公司
insurance policy 保险单
insurance certificate 保险凭证
insurance premium 保险费
insurance value/ amount 保险金额
insurance agent 保险代理人
② insure vt. make a contract that promises to pay sb an amount of money in case of accident, injury death, etc, or damage to or loss of sth 保险，投保
◆Every company would insure itself against loss or damage to its property.
insurer n. 承保人
the insured n. 被保险人
2. As a large percentage of our foreign trade in and out of this country goes by ship, what mainly concerns us is still the marine Insurance.
此句中what mainly concerns us 是主语从句，所以后面的谓语动词用单数。
3. distinguish sth from 不同于，识别
◆Because you probably are not the only person capable of providing what the customers need, you must in one way or another distinguish you from the crowd.
4. cover
① vt. insure sb/ sth against loss 给某人/某物保险, 投保
◆We shall cover the goods against War Risk.
◆Please cover All Risks and War Risk on the above goods.
② vt. (of money) be enough for (sth) 指钱足够做某事物之用
◆The firm barely covers its costs because it hasn’t made a profit for many years.
③ n. insurance against loss ,injury, etc. 保险
◆a policy that gives cover against fire
5. terminal
① n. end of a railway line, etc; wharf 终点站, 码头
◆She has worked at the terminal of Bus 29 for 20 years.
② a. of ,forming or situated at the end of sth 末端的,终点的,最终的
◆Through a severalhour negotiation, both parties still didn’t come to a terminal agreement.
③ a. of the last stage in a fatal disease 晚期的,末期的
◆Wandy is a famous woman who has raised millions for charity battling terminal cancer for serval years.
terminate vt. 终止
6. Such insurance cannot prevent accidental losses but can provide reimbursement for financial losses should the exporter’s shipment somehow fail to arrive or arrive intact.
此句中such 放句首，句子部分倒装，因此情态动词should（表达假定的结果）提到主语the exporter’s shipment前面。
7. strike ( strikestruckstruck)
① vi. (disaster,disease, etc) afflict sb/sth 侵袭,打击,折磨
◆It was not long before tragedy struck again.
② vt. subject (sb/sth). to an impact; hit (sb/sth) 使(某人某物)遭受撞击;打击,敲打(某人某物)
◆He struck the table a heavy blow with his fist after the sharp arguments about the details of the contract.
③ n. organized stopping of work by employees because of a disagreement (eg. pay, conditions, etc.); act or instance of striking 罢工
◆The industrial strike lasted more than a month before it was settled.
call a strike 发动罢工
be /go on strike 举行罢工，开始罢工
◆The wharf workers called a strike for higher pay.
◆The employees of the company are on strike.
8. indemnity
① n. guarantee against damage or loss, or compensation for these (为防遭伤害或损失的）保障，赔偿、补偿、赔偿金
◆Insurers have sent emergency teams to give indemnity to the policyholder victims.
② vt. compensate sb for any harm he may suffer. 赔偿或补偿某人可能受到的损失
◆I’m afraid you should indemnify us by 6% of the total amount of the contract.
◆The Germany Company agreed to indemnify us for the defective watches.
Translation of the Text
保险
保险最初只是用于风险较大的海上所遭受的损失，而如今已可为可能引起损失的各类事件提供保险。在我们的国外贸易中，船运占了相当大的比例，因此与我们密切相关的仍然是海上保险。
为海外航运所提供的险种即是海上保险。通常我们也称之为海运保险，以便使之与内陆海上保险相区别。海上保险的说法可追溯到3000年前，那个时候中国的商人就已经通过船只来运送货物以降低货物受损的可能性。
海运保险可以使船运公司的船只或者货物免受损失。它不仅给船只投保，而且还为船体、所承载的货物、所移交的责任投保，这就是我们所知道的“保护与赔偿”。不仅如此，海运保险给码头，集装箱码头，甚至是石油平台和钻井平台投保。
从根本上来说，海运保险就是一份双方（出口商和保险公司）之间的合同。对于缴纳费用（保险费）的投保人，作为回报，保险公司同意对投保人因各种合同中明确规定的风险而遭受的经济损失进行部分或者全部的补偿。
当货物被运往国外时，总会有一定的风险，被损坏或是被盗。由于目的地、路线和装运方式的不同，所遭受的风险也会不一样。为了免受因这些风险所导致的经济损失，销售或者购买这些货物的公司会为这些货物投保。 由出口商负责为装船办理保险是对出口商有利的。这样的保险虽然不能阻止意外损失的发生，但是如果出口商安排的装船由于某种原因不能准时或者货物不能完好无损，保险就可以为所遭受的经济损失提供补偿。
海运保险的花费与所运输货物的成本及运费相比是相当小的。因此，假如遭受灾难，在经济补偿方面，海运保险总是可以弥补这些费用的。
在相当长的一段时间内，海运保险依然保持着其突出的地位。从17世纪后期起，越来越多的交易是在伦敦的一家咖啡馆里进行的。咖啡馆的主人名叫劳埃德。今天，劳埃德集团在保险业中的影响已经非常显著。例如，标准的劳埃德海运保险单在1906年版的海运保险法令中就被纳为法定的形式。
保险的目的就是在发生任何损害或损失的时候，取得赔偿。因此，一份保险单同时也是一份赔偿合同。合同双方分别是同意接受风险的一方和寻求保护的一方。这份合同同时也规定了双方的权利和义务。另一方面，保险单也是保险人或保险公司向投保人签发的保险凭证。
现代海运保险单提供了一个很广泛的保护。保险单上有各种各样的投保险别。例如，基本险：平安险、水渍险、一切险，还有附加险：战争险，破裂险等。
根据保险权益的性质，海运保险单可分为四大类。第一类，保险单承保的是载人式运输货物所使用的运输工具。第二类是保护承运人免受因他人财产损失所带来的责任。第三类，是承保各类货物运输中遭到的损坏。第四类，承保涉及运费和因无法使用某一特定的船只而带来的相关损失。
一般的惯例是，按照发票金额的百分之一百一为货物投保，包括货物的成本，运费，保险费和一定比例的交易总额。假如进口商想要按超过百分之一百一的比例投保，那么额外的保费，就要由他负担。
Notes
Lloyd’s：劳埃德集团创立于1688年，是一家设在英国的银行和金融服务集团，主要从事银行，贷款和抵押，储蓄与投资，保险等业务，在全球有2400多家分支机构。劳埃德保险公司是当今世界保险业中信誉最高、名气最大、资金最雄厚、利润最多的一家大保险公司。它成立于1680年，迄今已有300多年的历史，
Keys
1. Reading
1. Insurance was originally applied to losses at sea where risks were always great.
2. In order to distinguish it from inland marine insurance.
3. It covers not only the insurance of ships, but also the insurance of hulls, the cargo they carry, liabilities that may devolve upon ships and ship operators, known as “protection and indemnity” but also the insurance of wharves, ports and harbors, container terminals and even oil platforms and drilling rigs.
4. The standard Lloyd’s marine insurance policy was adopted as the statutory form in the Marine Insurance Act 1906.
5. Four. In the first group included those policies covering against damage to the conveyances on which persons or goods are transported; in the second , those protecting a carrier against liability to others for losses of or damage to their property; in the third, those covering damage to the various kinds of goods being transported; and in the fourth, those covering the loss of freight and related losses resulting from the inability to use a particular vessel.
2. Comprehension
Part 1 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F
Part 2 1. A 2. C 3.C 4. D 5. A
3. Vocabulary
Part 1
1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5. A
Part 2
1. broader coverage, for your account 2. insurance policy 3. damage 4. underwriters 5. result in 6. distinguish 7. in return for 8. are responsible for 9. failed to
Part 3
1. stipulated 2. transacting 3. covered 4. consigner
5. insurance 6. coverage 7. transaction 8. classification
9. indemnify 10. classified 11. insurer 12. consignment
13. ship 14. indemnity 15. consignee 16. stipulations
4. Translation
Part 1
1. 保险单 2. 保险费 3. 经济赔偿 4. 发票金额 5. 惯例 6. 海运保险
Part 2
1. We are pleased to inform you that we have covered the above goods with the PICC against All Risks for US7,600.
2. We know that according to your usual practice you insure the goods only for 110 % of the invoice value,therefore, the extra premium will be for our account.
3. For the goods sold on a CIF basis, insurance is to be effected by us for 110% of the invoice value against ALL Risks based on the warehousewarehouse clause.
Part 3

1. have specific requirement for the insured amount or insurance coverage
2. lowest rate for FPA
3. the premium will be included in the invoice value
4. We will cover insurance immediately
5. Cloze
1.C 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.B
Text B
Language Study
1. Sometimes an underwriter would add the names of friends who didn’t have time to go to the coffee house themselves but who wanted to invest some of their funds in the hope of earning a profit.
此句中的who wanted to invest some of their funds in the hope of earning a profit同样也是个定语从句，先行词是前面的friends。 由转折连词but 连接的两个定语从句共同修饰先行词friends.
2. permission
n. act of allowing sb to do sth; consent 许可，准许，同意
◆How to apply for permission to work in Australia?
◆You have my permission to leave.
permit vt. give permission for sth; allow 许可，允许
permit sb to do sth/ permit doing sth.
◆We don’t permit smoking in the office.
◆The government will not permit you to build a bridge here.
3. authorize vt.
① give authority to (sb) 授权，委任，委托
◆I have authorized him to act for me while I am abroad.
② give authority for (sth) 批准，认可
◆Could you tell me if this business visit has been authorized ?
◆The local government didn’t authorize the construction of a new airport near the village.
authority n.
① a power to give orders and make others obey 权力，权威
◆She will have authority over the people she used to take orders from after the promotion.
② (常作复数）a person or group having the power to give orders or take action 有权力发号施令的人或团体，当局，官方
◆The authorities are investigating the matter arisen from terrorism
4. The insurance is written by syndicates, which are groups of names organized under the heading of an underwriter who is authorized to conduct the business.
此句中which 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词syndicates，紧接着的由who 引导的定语从句修饰先行词underwriter。
5. maritime a.
① of the sea, sailing or shipping 海的，海上的，航海的，海事的
◆ That country was a great maritime power.
② situated or found near the sea 沿海的，海上的
◆The country’s maritime provinces are very rich because of their natural resources.
Translation of the Text
著名保险公司——劳埃德集团的历史
保险公司这个词起源于劳埃德集团。在17世纪的晚期，一个名叫爱德华·劳埃德的人在伦敦经营了一家咖啡屋。劳埃德的咖啡屋逐渐成为了船主们寻找有兴趣为他们的船只和货物投保的人的地方。船主们可以在店里一桌一桌地去找，这样就会有不同的人给他们的部分风险投保。他们会把名字签在一份投保风险的说明书上，表示他们愿意为风险投保。有时，保险公司会加上一些朋友的名字，这些朋友没有时间前往咖啡屋，但是又想投资一些资金来赚取利润。这些名字可授权保险公司代表他们接受风险。这样的做法在本质上和如今的是一样的。保险由辛迪加撰写，那是在授权经营的保险公司的领导组织下成立的企业联合组织。大约有 360个辛迪加组织，他们在规模上大不相同，有几个企业联合而成的，也有上千企业联合而成的。 每个辛迪加专门从事某一类的保险，不是海运，航空，汽车，就是财产和伤亡。
现代的保险形式大约是在欧洲工业化时期形成的。行业协会担任分担风险成本的角色。作为主要的沿海国家，英格兰将十七世纪伦敦这家咖啡屋——劳埃德中的理念具体化，率先提出海上保险的概念。劳埃德集团如今成为海运保险的代名词。
Lloyd’s现在是劳埃德行业协会的注册商标。作为世界上历史悠久和最著名的保险市场，且有