大学英语3复习整理2.doc

信息学院计算机类1203-1204班大学英语3期末复习
大学英语3复习整理
Unit 1
Expressions
1. get by 过得去，尚可
2. just about 几乎
3. get through 通过，，度过
4. at that point 就在那时
5. on balance 总的来说
6. when it comes to… 谈及
7. aside from 除了
8. cut back 减少
9. dine out 外出吃饭
10. on a small/big scale 小（大）规模地
11. at one time 曾经，一度
12. get along 生活过得去
13. miss out(on sth.) 缺少，未得到
14. in addition 另外
15. go with 与……相配
16. whip up 快速做成
17. as a result 结果
18. relate to 能领会，与……有关
19. take over 占统治地位，取…….而代之
20. make a sense 有意义的
21. pick up 买单
22. face up to 面对

Language Sense Enhancement
I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do. It takes a couple of special qualities. One is a tolerance for solitude. Because we are so busy on such a tight budget, we don’t entertain much. During the growing season there is no time for socializing anyway. Jim and Emily are involved in school activities, but they too spend most of their time at home.
The other requirement is energy—a lot of it . The way to make self-sufficient work on a small scale is to resist the temptation to buy a tractor and other expensive laborsaving devices. Instead, you do the work yourself. The only machinery we own (not counting the lawn mower) is a little three-horsepower rotary cultivator and a 16-inch chain saw.

Comprehensive Exercises
1.Text-related
Jim Doherty may not be a born farmer, but he gets by without too much trouble. Not that he has had it easy. That first hard winter he faced must have left him with the temptation to give up and go back to the city. But he managed to get through it without losing heart. He’s picked up a lot of skills since then and made some real improvement to his farm, though without much laborsaving machinery, aside from that old rotary cultivator. I suspected he doesn’t make all that much, though he does have his writing to supplement what little profit he makes from the farm. I guess he does it primarily for the quality of life. Certainly, they seem a happy family and you can often see them out working together, one day spraying apple trees, the next stacking firewood.

2.Theme-related
A homesteader(自耕农) is a person who lives a self-reliant lifestyle with major emphasis on home production. While the Industrial Age is being replaced by information and electronics, some people try to seek an escape from the social, environmental, and economic madness of the modern age and begin to consider returning to the country . As this lifestyle is so enjoyable, satisfying and rewarding, more and more people are prepared to quit their job in the city and start a new and more meaningful life on their various farms . For some it has become not only a way of looking world.
Of course , life in the country can be pretty tough. While it is an enjoyment to be so close to nature, you may have to reduce your dependence on fuels by cutting back on your daily consumption. You may also have to cook your own meals every day and assist your own low-cost entertainment without the idea that are common in cities. On occasion, however , living in the country has long been a part of the American Dream. Generations of Americans have considered the country an ideal setting in which to live and raise a family.

Translation
2.Translate the passage into English
A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.
But to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.
Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.
Unit 2
Expressions
1. stand up(for) 支持
2. be intent on(sth./doing sth.) 热衷于，坚决要做
3. on the side 作为兼职，秘密的
4. close in(on/around) 接近，包围
5. make the best of 尽量利用，充分利用
6. at a risk 冒险
7. in the eyes of 在某人看来
8. pass for 被看做，被当成
9. lead to 导致
10. usher in 预报……的到来
11. be tired of 厌倦的
12. push(sb.) about/around 摆布
13. as for 至于
14. fall into 落入，注入，陷于
15. lay down 放下

Language Sense Enhancement
Yet this stop was only part of a much larger mission for me. Josiah Henson is but one name on a list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to liberate slaves from the American South. Between 1820 and 1860 as many as 100,000 slaves traveled the Railroad to freedom.
In October 2000, President Clinton authorized $16 million for the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center to honor this first great civil-rights struggle in the U.S. The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati. And it’s about time. For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still largely unsung. I was intent on telling their stories.

Comprehensive Exercises
1.Text-related
The Underground Railroad was forged by the efforts of those who were prepared to fight against slavery and stood up for the long-suffering South black Americans. Some of those who helped to transport slaves to the north and freedom were former slaves themselves. Others felt compelled to take part because of their deeply held convictions. For many of those involved, liberating the slaves from those who exploited them became a mission. While their eventual goal was to abolish slavery completely, in the meantime they were intent on helping to free as many slaves as possible, often at considerable risk. In the eyes of slave owners, they were dangerous enemies and frequently received death threats.

2.Theme-related
Despite the name, the Underground Railroad was not really a railroad, but was a network of people who assisted fugitive slaves . Many fugitives who escaped to the North and Canada received assistance along the way from individuals who were involved in this network. By the early 19th century, the organization became so successful that it is emerged that between 1810 and 1850, 100,000 slaves escaped from the South through the Underground Railroad.
It was not a(n) curiosity that it was called the Underground Railroad . Steam railroads had just estimated and the terms used to describe the people who helped and the fugitives were related to the railroad line. Fugitive slaves were called “parcels” and “ passengers”, the helpers were the “conductors” , the people who provide their homes as refuge were called” stationmasters “, and the homes were stationed to as “ depots “ or “ stations “.
The route used was an important part of a successful escape . There were numerous secret routes that a conductors could use. The one used depended on where the search parties , and slaves catchers were inspired. Some trips required the use of many different routes . If it appeared that they might be in danger, a guide would change paths. Some guides and fugitives even hid out in bushes and swamps for many days until it was safe to continue on. Quickness was not the main coincidence, instead safety was most important and as a result they often zigzagged in order to avoid captured.

Translation
2.Translate the passage into English
Shortly after he achieved freedom, he became a member of an organization that assisted fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. In addition, later he built a small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chape land a school where they could learn useful ways of making a living. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, all the slaves would be liberated, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.

Unit 3
Expressions
1. on the latch 门关着但没上锁
2. close up 关闭
3. hook up to 连接到
4. build in 使成为建筑的一部分
5. put up 建造，设置
6. stand for 代表，象征
7. be bathed in 沉浸于，沐浴于
8. with/by a small/large margin 大幅度地
9. look back on 回顾
10. aim at 瞄准，对准
11. take the plunge （尤指经过一番思考后）采取断然行动
12. pull in （指机动车辆）驶近某处
13. in one’s favor 对某人有利
14. break in/into 强行进入
15. in/under the/no circumstances 在这种情况下/在任何情况下
16. count on 依靠，指望
17. draw the line at sth./doing sth. 拒绝做某事，绝不容忍某事
18. on the line 冒险
19. hold/keep sb. at bay 不让……逼近
20. keep on the right side of sb. 不要惹恼……

Language Sense Enhancement
It has been replaced by dead-bolt locks security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires hooked up to a police station or private guard firm. Many suburban families have sliding glass doors on their patios, with steel bars elegantly built in so no one can pry the doors open.
It’s not uncommon, in the most pleasant of homes, to see pasted on the windows small notice announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company.
The lock is the new symbol of America. Indeed, a recent public-service advertisement by insurance company featured not charts showing how much at risk we are, but a picture of a child‘s bicycle with the now-usual padlock attached to it.

Comprehensive Exercises
1.Text-related
Statistics show that crime in the rural areas is now rising faster than in the cities. The era when the countryside stood for safety and security has long gone. No longer is anywhere to go out leaving the door on the latch. We all feel vulnerable and seek to strengthen the barrier we use to hold criminals at bay. These can range from old fashioned bolts and bars to the latest electronic devices. A moment’s reflection, however, is enough to bring us face to face with the following puzzle: we may have locked the evils out, but in doing so we have locked ourselves in. This hardly seems a civilized way of life.

2.Theme-related
Statistic show that at some point in your life , you will get robbed. Things get even worse for apartment dwellers(居住者) because so many people pass in and out of an apartment building, and it’ s much tougher to keep non-residents out.
So what to do? Don’ t panic . Yes, apartments are liable to robbery, but there are options other than barricading yourself in your apartment with a shotgun. We suggest that you use some common sense to shift that target from your door. Then the burglar will rob the less guarded, not you.
We know what’ s you’ re thinking:” I’ll never get robbed. Who’ d want to steal a half can of Diet Coke and an electric toothbrush?” If those really are the only things in your apartment, you have every reason not to worry . However, if you have something you’ d like to keep—say , a TY, a stereo, a computer, a Picasso—it’ s wise to be cautious.
Your goal is not to set up any sophisticated security systems to hold thieves at bay; your goal is to keep criminals from even trying to break into your apartment in the first place. If someone really wants to break in, chances are that he/she is going to find a way to by breaking a window or climbing up the fire escape. Therefore, you should remove all signs that say” Hey, look at me! Lots of goodies and no security! Come on in!” Lock the door when you leave. Don’ t leave the windows open all day long. Don’ t tape notes on the door directed to your mate reading “ Gone all day! Left the door unlocked for you!” Just use your brains!

Translation
2.Translate the passage into English
It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes, thus exposing him to police patrols or those wandering around. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/assure yourself that you don’t leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.

Unit 5
Expressions
1. under way 航行中，工作中
2. put away 把……收好，放好
3. get to sth./doing sth. 开始认真思考
4. and the rest 等等
5. turn over 考虑，思考
6. take…for granted 认为……是理所当然的
7. on sb.’s behalf/on the behalf of sb. 为（某人），为（某人）的利益，代表某人
8. be exposed to 使暴露，使接触
9. be immersed in 沉浸在，沉迷于
10. in part 在某种程度上，部分地
11. in turn 挨个的，轮流的
12. bring back 回想起
13. in a flash 瞬间
14. a news flash 电讯
15. a flash of hope 一线希望
16. an electronic flash 电子闪光灯
17. go about 表现，忙于，着手
18. long for (sth.)/to(do sth.) 渴望
19. in secret 秘密的，暗自
20. cut off 突然闯到另一车辆面前
21. home in(on sth.) 移向，朝向，把注意力集中于
22. out on the limb 独立从事
23. round up 使集合在一起
24. (right)off the bat 一开始，马上
25. part with 放弃
26. jot down 扼要记下
27. reach out(to sb./sth.) 伸出手以触到，抓到或拿到
28. in reverse 逆行
29. just the reverse 正好相反
30. suffer a reverse 遭遇挫折
31. the reverse of 绝不是
32. deep/profound gratitude 深切的感激之情

Language Sense Enhancement
The Reverend Nelson wrote that his decades as a “simple, old-fashioned principal” had ended with schools undergoing such swift changes that he had retired in self-doubt.” I heard more of what I had done wrong than what I did right,” he said, adding that my letter had brought him welcome reassurance that his career had been appreciated.
A glance at Grandma’s familiar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standing alongside her white rocking chair, watching her” settin’ down” some letter to relatives. Character by character, Grandma would slowly accomplish one word, then the next, so that a finished page would consume hours. I wept over the page representing my Grandma’s recent hours invested in expressing her loving gratefulness to me—whom she used to diaper!

Comprehensive Exercises
1.Text-related
Alex Haley was at sea when he started thinking how best he could mark Thanksgiving. Turning over the meaning of holiday in his mind, he came to reverse the order of the words and got to thinking about giving thanks . How , he wondered, could he repay those who had been so helpful to him in the past? It seemed to him that the best way he could express his gratitude would be to write to them. For too long he had gone about without troubling to tell them how much he appreciated all that they had done for him. Before long he had assemble pen and paper and was immersed in writing. Not long