中考英语阅读理解之猜词技巧专题讲解课件.ppt

阅读技能训练阅读技能训练 猜测词义猜测词义How to guess the meaning of words?A French student goes to London for his holiday.He knows a little English,but he cant speak it very well.One day he goes to a restaurant.He wants to have some eggs,but he cant remember the English word for“egg”.He looks around and sees a picture of a hen.He shows the picture to the waiter.“What do you call her children?”he asks.“Chicks,sir.”“And what do you call chicks before theyre born?”“Eggs,sir.”“Very well,”says the French student.“Give me two eggs and a cup of tea,please”.If you meet the new words when reading,what will you do?Pay no attention and continue reading.Look them up in the dictionary.Guess the meaning.1.I will not make friends with a dishonest person.2.When the little boy finished,his father was speechless.3.If some athletes use drugs,it is unfair to the others.根据构词法猜词根据构词法猜词 首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律,其其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-,im-,mis-,-less,-ness等。等。小小结结dis+honestspeech+less 说不出话的说不出话的un+fair1.It will be very hard but also very brittle that is,it will break easily.2.The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”,students who take tests for other students.3.A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.根据释义猜词根据释义猜词 释义常由定语从句或由释义常由定语从句或由is,or,that is(to say),in other words,be called，be known as等词汇或破折号来表示。等词汇或破折号来表示。小小结结脆的脆的冒名替考者冒名替考者日历日历 根据同义词关系猜词根据同义词关系猜词1.He replied quickly,but after he 2.considered the problem more carefully,he regretted having made such a hasty decision.3.2.Your ideas are so nebulous that they are not clear to me.小小结结 and,or,such as,like,for example,for instance常连接同义词组常连接同义词组。匆忙的匆忙的 不清楚的不清楚的 根据对比和转折关系根据对比和转折关系1.Although the early morning had been very cool,the noonday sun was tropical.2.He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.表转折关系的词常有表转折关系的词常有but,while,however,instead of,rather than,unlike,yet,though 等。等。小结小结热的热的恶化恶化1.The clock is so accurate that it will never lose a second in more than 200 million years.2.All his attempts to unlock the door was futile,because she was using the wrong key.徒劳的，无效的徒劳的，无效的根据因果关系猜词根据因果关系猜词精确的精确的小小结结常用关联词如常用关联词如:because，as，since，for，so，as a result,so,so that,such that 等表示前因后果。等表示前因后果。根据生活常识或经验根据生活常识或经验 1.In the old days,when girls from rich families were married to their husbands,they expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry.2.But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time.Then there will be a drought.3.The snake slithered through the grass.嫁妆嫁妆旱灾旱灾爬行爬行,滑行滑行生活生活常识常识对比对比转折转折因果因果关系关系同义词同义词构词法构词法定义定义上下文上下文How to guess the meaning of words?Lets try!1.She asked the hairdresser to trim her hair because it was too long.2.Although people in many countries consider raw meat delicious,we Chinese people seldom eat any meat that is uncooked.3.Yet,shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems,such as shoplifters,who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.4.Mark Twain was not the authors real name;it was a pseudonym.修剪修剪未烹饪的未烹饪的冒充顾客在商店行窃的人冒充顾客在商店行窃的人笔名笔名,化名化名5.Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kinds of fruit grow in warm areas.6.The fisherman make their canoes from trees.They go from island to island in these light boats and collect trutles eggs.7.Finally the enemy surrendered.They threw down their guns and walked out of the home with their hands over their heads.8.Jogging has become very popular in some countries.It is believed to be a good exercise for old people.1.椰子椰子 2.独木舟独木舟 3.投降投降4.慢跑慢跑9.The shop sells stationery,such as pens,pencils,paper,envelopes,and so on.10.She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.11.This boss wanted privacy because he knew that being alone would help him solve his problem.12.The pupils assembled in front of the school hall.They came together to listen to the headmaster announce the results of the sports meeting.文具文具10.全神贯注的全神贯注的 11.清净清净 12.聚集聚集13.He is one of the most loquacious men I know His brother,however,does not like to talk much.14.Man differs most from all the other animals in their ability to learn and use language.15.The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.16.Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.话多的话多的牧羊人牧羊人郊区郊区,城外城外与与不同不同17.A stunt person is a man or woman who does all the dangerous bits of acting work in films or on TV.18.My birthday was a few days ago.It was just like an ordinary day,no presents,no party,no cake19.The official asked the man what his occupation was.The man told him that he worked as an engineer.20.Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health.特技演员特技演员普通的普通的工作工作,职业职业有害的有害的Competition中考真题大比拼 1.The World MUN(世界大学生模拟联合国世界大学生模拟联合国)is based on understanding,compromise,learning and friendship.(06,福州课改区福州课改区)A.A.友谊友谊 B.B.理解理解 C.C.和解和解 D.D.屈服屈服2.Wang Zhizhi said,“I realized I had made a big mistake.I want to say sorry to my fans and to the Bayi Team(八八一队一队)which trained me and gave me the chance to play in the NBA.I was too young to make the right decision.I hope I could make up my fault this time and win back my place in the national team.（06，广东），广东）A.A.表现出色表现出色 B.B.弥补过失弥补过失 C.C.珍惜机会珍惜机会 D.D.得到谅解得到谅解4 points中考真题大中考真题大比拼比拼 3.I am Peter.In 2007 I got engaged(订婚订婚).But unluckily I lost my job.Though I got a job again six months later,I was very short of money.One day,I came to your shop to buy a ring.(06,山西山西)A.A.项链项链 B.B.耳环耳环 C.C.戒指戒指 D.D.圆环圆环4.Can a soft-looking girl be tough(坚韧的坚韧的)inside?Taiwans pop singer Evonne Xu is like this.If she thinks something is right,she goes out of her way to do it.(07,威海威海)A.to get off B.to get in the way C.to go away D.to try ones best3 points中考真题大中考真题大比拼比拼 5.You have often looked into a mirror,of course.But you havent seen the real picture of your face yet.And why couldnt you see it?When you look into a mirror,you dont see your face as other people see it.You see a reversed picture.(06,杭州杭州)A.A.暂存的暂存的 B.B.相反的相反的 C.C.模拟的模拟的 D.D.虚幻的虚幻的6.Nowadays more and more people care about the exploitation(开采开采)of the natural resources,such as oil.(07,哈尔滨哈尔滨)A.A.商品商品 B.B.现象现象 C.C.资源资源 D.D.污染污染exchange your scores中考真题大中考真题大比拼比拼 7.The life of an ant is usually 45-60 daysGrownup ants cannot eat hard food.Instead they have the juice that they get from pieces of food.An ant has two eyes.Each eye is made up of many smaller eyes.They are called compound eyes.(07,河南河南)A.A.明亮的明亮的 B.B.柔弱的柔弱的 C.C.模糊的模糊的 D.D.复合的复合的8.The Venus flytrap is a very strange plant.Its leaves can open and close very quickly.Inside the leaves,there are three small hairs.If a fly touches one of the hairs,the leaf closes quickly.They fly cannot get out.In about half an hour,the leaf presses the fly until it is dead.(07,安徽安徽)A.A.挤压挤压 B.B.关上关上 C.C.打开打开 D.D.松开松开3 points中考真题大中考真题大比拼比拼 9.British workers have the longest working week in Europe,with 23 vacation daysthe shortest vacation.So they feel overworked,75%say their weekends or vacations are too short and 40%would sacrifice a days pay for one more vacation day.(07,江西江西)A.Use up.B.Put up.C.Take up.D.Give up.10.We need to stop our discrimination(歧视歧视)against the migrant workers(农民工农民工)of China!They may not make as much money as some people in cities,they may not have everything we have,but they are good honest people just trying to survive this game of life.(07 临沂临沂)A.A.活过来活过来 B.B.挺过来挺过来 C.C.活得累活得累 D.D.活得长活得长 5 points1)1)根据构词法猜词根据构词法猜词2)2)根据释义猜词根据释义猜词3)3)根据对比和转折关系根据对比和转折关系4)4)根据同义词关系猜词根据同义词关系猜词5)5)根据因果关系猜词根据因果关系猜词6)6)根据常识和生活经验猜词根据常识和生活经验猜词How to guess the meaning of words?Homework 1.Go over what we learned today.2.Finish additional exercises.