1、3/3 考试题型: 一、填空(15分) 二、选择(15分) 三、短语术语互译(中译英:20分;英译中:10分) 四、简写写全文(20分/10题)、(例:EEC、GDP等的全称) 五、翻译(中译英:10分;英译中:10分) 翻译句子: Economists use a supply-and-demand framework to explain how the prices and quantities of goods and services are determined in a free-market economic system . 经济学家用供需机制来解释
2、在自由市场经济体制中,价格以及商品和服务的数量是如何确定的。(5.1) Perhaps the two most relevant for monetary policy are the consumer price index (CPI ) and the GDP implicit price deflator. 与货币政策有关的两个指标就是消费者物价指数和隐含国内生产总值消费膨胀指数。(5.2) 1.1 Centrally planned economies 中央计划经济体制 Market systems 市场体制 Production costs 生产成本 Pri
3、ces 价格 Economics 经济学 scarcity稀缺n. scarce 稀缺的adj, microeconomics微观经济学 (individual decision-making units 单个决策群体) macroeconomics宏观经济学 ( behavior of the economy as a whole ) opportunity cost 机会成本 (something is what you give up by having it ) 1.3 The private sector outpaces the public sector
4、 per cent of value added by firm ownership 私营经济超过公有经济成份比 Private companies 私有企业 ( to be almost twice that of enterprises controlled directly by the state.相当于国家所控制的2倍) Small and medium sized enterprises 中小企业(SMEs) Export licenses ( licences ) 出口许可证 Property rights财产权(产权) International best prac
5、tice国际惯例 Intellectual property rights知识产权法 State-controlled firms 国有企业(东欧,政府控制) State-owned companies国有企业 Loss-making enterprises 亏损企业 Management buyouts 管理层次购买控制性股权 Ease mergers兼并 acquisitions收购 2.1 Underdeveloped countries 不发达国家 Developed countries 发达国家 Balance of trade 贸易平衡 The O.
6、E.C.D.( Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development )经济合作与发展组织 The Lesser Developed Countries ( LDSs ) 欠发达国这 Newly Industrialized Countries ( NISs )新兴工业化国家 2.2 The traditional society 传统社会 The preconditions for take-off 准备起飞阶段 The take-off 起飞阶段 The drive to maturity 走向成熟阶段 The
7、age of high mass-consumption 大众消费阶段 2.3 Unlimited economic expansion 无限的经济扩张 Economic integration 经济一体化 Open markets 开放市场 More liberalized trade 更自由贸易 3.1 Perfectionism 保护主义 Exchange 汇率 Consumer 消费者 Trading blocs 贸易集团 Producer 生产商 Standards of living 生活水平 3.2 Welfare 福利 Industri
8、alized countries 工业化国家 Trade 贸易 Barter 贸易 Aid 援助 Developed nations 发达国家 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD )经济组织,经济与合作发展组织 United Nations Commission for Trade and Development (UNCTAD )联合国贸易发展委员会 European Economic Community ( EEC ) 欧洲经济共同体 International Monetary Fund
9、IMF ) 国际贸易基金组织
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ( World Bank ) 世界银行
Non-tariff barriers (NTBs )非关税贸易壁垒
Growth 增长
Employment 就业
Income收入
Investment 投资
Transnational Corporations ( TNCs 跨国公司 , = Multinational corporations
10、dvantage 绝对优势 Comparative Advantage 比较优势 Trade barriers 贸易壁垒 4.2 Profits 利润 Wages 工资 Price 价格 5.1 Financial institutions 金融机构 Financial markets 金融市场 Supply-and-demand 供求机制 Free-market economic system 自由市场机制 Raw materials 原材料 Crucial elements Real estate 不动产 5.2 The nominal money supply Gross Domestic Production (GDP) 国内生产总值 Consumer price index (CPI ) 消费者价格指数 6.3 Foreign direct investment (FDI ) 对外直接投资 Developed economies 发达经济体 7.3 Professional association 专业协会 8.1 Letter of Credit, (L/C) 信用证(信用审核)






