同义句型转换归类238句.doc

同义句型转换归类
一、运用同义词(组)进行转换
运用同义词或词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:
1. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.
The teacher always _______ _________the children well in the school.
分析:答案为looks after。take good care of与look after... well都表示“好好照顾”。
2. 他擅长绘画 He is good at drawing．／He does well in drawing．
3. 今天风很大。 There is a strong wind today．／It's very windy today．
4. 明天我们将乘飞机去东京。
Tomorrow we will go to Tokyo by air．／Tomorrow we will fly to Tokyo．
5. 王先生在六点钟到达了火车站。
Mr Wang reached ／got to ／arrived at the railway station at six．
6. 这本书花了我10元钱。
I spent ten yuan on the book．／I paid ten yuan for the book．／The book cost me ten yuan．
7．She got a letter from her penfriend last week．（2002 甘肃省）
She heard from her penfriend last week．
8．Linda likes music better than art．（2002 呼和浩特市）
Linda prefers music to art．
9．They enjoyed themselves at the garden party．（2002 广州市）
They had a good／nice ／great ／wonderful time at the garden party．
10．The Smiths teach themselves Chinese after work．（2002 聊城市）
The Smiths learn Chinese by themselves after work．
11. There are shops on both sides of the street.
There are shops on each side of the street.
12. When did Marx get to London? When did Marx arrive in London?
13. Our teacher began to write articles at the age of over twenty.
Our teacher began to write articles in his twenties .
14. Jane is an eight-year-old girl. Jane is a girl of eight years old
15. His maths has improved greatly. He has made great progress in maths.
16. In the year from 1930 to 1939, he wrote hundreds of short stories.
In the 1930's, he wrote hundreds of short stories.
17. What do you usually do when you are free?
What do you usually do in your spare time?
18. He took an active part in sports when he was a child.
He was active in sports in his childhood.
19. I have ten Yuan with me in all.
All my money with me adds up to ten Yuan.
20. After he undressed himself, we dressed him in a new suit.
After he took off his old clothes, we put on a new suit for him.
21. She was so interested in the book that she read it over night.
The book was so interesting that she read it all the night / throughout the night / all night long.
22. My aunt wears a new skirt today. My aunt has a new skirt on today.
23. The boss treated the workers cruelly. The boss was cruel to the workers.
24. He read and read without stopping till he went to sleep.
He went on reading / kept on reading / didn't stop reading till he went to sleep.
25. The girl wearing red clothes is a nurse. The girl in red is a nurse.
26. The nurse is feeding the baby with milk.
The nurse is feeding milk to the baby.
27. He couldn't help crying at the sight of the photo.
He couldn't help crying when he saw the photo
28. Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear.
Crusoe stared at the footprint, filled with fear.
29. All the doctors can not perform such an operation.
Not all the doctors can perform such an operation.
30. They are mostly teachers.
Most of them are teachers.
31. Fujian is connected with Zhejiang on the north.
Fujian is joined to Zhejiang on the north.
32. Suddenly she let out a cry of anger.
Suddenly she cried out angrily.
33. All the boys don't like football.
Not all the boys/Some of the boys like football.
34. Paper is made from wood. Wood can be made into paper.
35. He did what he could do to calm her.
He tried/did his best to make her calm.
36. The accident forbade me to arrive there in time.
The accident prevented/kept/stopped me from arriving there in time.
37. She has nothing to do with the matter. She is not connected with the matter.
38. The old woman lived happily. The old woman led a happy life.
39. It is by this means that animal hibernates in winter.
It is in this way that animal hibernates in winter.
40. I have mastered English by learning it all by myself.
By teaching myself English I have mastered it.
41. He has the habit of running in the morning.
He is used to running in the morning.
42. Walking early in the morning will benefit you.
Walking early in the morning will do you good.
43. The farm is his. The farm belongs to him.
44. The teacher sang high praise for our noble deed.
The teacher thought highly of our noble deed.
45. They would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.
They would like to watch TV at home instead of going to the cinema.
46. People sometimes act as foolishly as a blind man.
At times people act as foolishly as a blind man.
47. The meeting is very important. The meeting of great importance .
48. He is given practice in playing tennis every day.

He practices playing tennis every day.
49. The teacher would ask the boys questions on the text.
The teacher would question the boys on the text.
50. Why did Tom stay away from school yesterday?
Why did Tom play truant yesterday?
51. I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.
I was thinking of this when I heard someone call my name.
52. He didn't need to worry about his life.
It was unnecessary for him to worry about his life.
53. Pick out what you like from these. Choose what you like from these.
54. Take it easy. Everything will get on well.
Don't worry about it. Everything will get on well.
55. We have made up our minds to work harder this year.
We have decided to work harder this year.
56. The two balls hit the ground together.
The two balls hit the ground at the same time.
57. Did you have a good time at the ball? Did you enjoy yourself at the ball?
58. You had better break away from smoking. You had better give up smoking.
59. His whole school education added up to only two years.
His whole school education added up to no more than two years.
60. He joined the army ten years ago.
He has been in the army for ten years.
Ten years have passed since he joined the army.
61. Our professor came into the room with a book under his arm.
Book under arm , our professor came into the room.
62. The group was set up in 1980. The group was founded in 1980.
63. Mr Zhang is not fit to do the work. The work is unfit for Mr Zhang.
64. The child filled the bag with apples. The bag was full of apples.
65. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is , he knows a lot.
66. He may come and help you this evening.
He is likely to come and help you this evening.
It seems that he will come and help you this evening.
67. Mum left her only a little needle thread bag.
Mum left her nothing but a little needle thread bag.
68. This is the house where Zunyi Meeting was held.
This is the house in which Zunyi Meeting was held.
69. The little girl dare not touch the dog.
The little girl doesn't dare to touch the dog.
70. I want to see the play too. I'd like to see the play too.
71. Shall we have a break? What about having a break?
72. This piece of cloth is three times as long as that one.
This piece of cloth is three times the length of that one.
73. I had hardly come in when the telephone rang.
No sooner had I come in than the telephone rang.
74. The article needs shortening. The article needs to be shortened.
75. I had a strong wish to know who won the final game.
I was eager to know who won the final game.
76. Stone will not catch fire. Stone will not burn.
77. May I give it back later? May I return it later?
78. I want to speak to you for a short while. I want to have a word with you.
79. The teacher asked me to say it again.
The teacher asked me to repeat it.
80. John's workmates were all friendly to him.
John's workmates all got along well with him.
81. The announcement is worthy of being studied.
The announcement is worthy to be studied.
The announcement is worth studying.
比较级与最高级
82. He is the youngest boy in the class.
He is younger than any other boy in the class.
83. This story isn't interesting. Nor is that one.
This story is no more interesting than that one.
84. We didn't stop talking until he returned.
We kept on talking / went on talking until he returned.
85. I like music most in my spare time.
I like music better than anything else / other things in my spare time.
86. Shanghai is the largest city in China.
Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.
87. Li Wei is shorter than Tom. Tom is the taller of the two.
88. If you drive the car fast, you'll probably meet with an accident.
The faster you drive the car, the more probably you'll meet with an accident.
运用介词短语改写。
英语中的介词短语，诸如at the age of，without，instead of，with the help of，thanks to，be in， be satisfied with等，可与一些复合结构进行转换，这类结构主要是并列句或两个句子，由连词and、but、when等连接。
89. 彼八岁时就学习英语了。
She began to learn English when she was eight． At the age of eight，she began to learn English．
90．明天我们将去野餐。我们不去看电影。
We will go for a picnic tomorrow．We won't see a film． We will go for a picnic instead of seeing a film tomorrow．
91．He began to learn how to use a computer when he was five years old．（2000广州市）
He began to learn how to use a computer at the age of five ．
92．The heavy traffic stopped them from getting to school in time．（2000成都市）
Thanks to the heavy traffic they were late for school．

二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换
运用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词或词组的积累及换位思维的能力。如:
93.I think wealth is less important than health.
I _______think wealth is _______ important than health.
分析:答案为don’t, more。less important的意为“没有(不及)……重要”;more important的意为“比……更重要”,该结构与not连用,则表示“不比……更重要”。
94. 我向他借了一台电脑。
I borrowed a computer from him．／He lent a computer to me．
95. 我认为数学比英语难。
I think maths is harder than English． I think English is easier than maths．
96．Chinese is more popular than Japanese．（2001 宁夏）
Japanese is less popular than Chinese．
97．The runner fell behind the others though he did what he could．（2001 济南市）
The runner failed to catch up with the others though he did his best．
98. Peter does his homework more carefully than Bob.
Bob doesn't do his homework as carefully as Peter.
99. All the answers are right.
None of the answers is wrong.
100. I know nothing about the matter.
I don't know the matter at all.
101. Wind is invisible to us.
Wind can't be seen by us.
102. Why did she lose interest in music?
Why was she not interested in music?
103. Einstein cared little for money, so he was poor.
Einstein could have been rich if he had cared much for money.
104. I stood at my bench without daring to lift my head.
I stood at my bench and dare not lift my head.
105. She bought an old bike from Mary.
Mary sold an old bike to her.
106. This is the cheapest one.
This is the least expensive one.
107. I regretted having told her the news.
I wish I had not told her the news.
108. I didn't know his address, so I didn't write to him.
If I had known his address, I would have written to him.
109. He must have passed the exam.
He could not have failed in the exam.
110. New York is more modern than London.
London is less modern than / isn't as modern as New York.
112. He was so weak that he couldn't lift the box.
He was not strong enough to lift the box.

三、运用不同语态进行转换
通过改变主语，主动语态与被动语态之间可进行同义句转换，在转换过程中，掌握被动语态的构成是最为关键的。学习被动语态应与时间紧密结合，根据时态，来确定被动语态的谓语部分。另外，还需充分把握含有情态动词的被动语态的结构，即“情态动词＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”。运用语态的变化来完成同义句转换,但此时要特别注意时态、数等的一致性。
113.Many people speak English．／English is spoken by many people．
114．我们应该经常给花浇水。
We should regularly water flowers． Flowers should be watered regularly．
115．It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today．（2002辽宁省）
Computers are widely used in the world today．
116．We must keep the noise level under 50dbs（分贝）．（2002上海市）
The noise level must be kept under 50dbs．
117. More and more people use computers in the world today.
Computers _______ ________by more and more people in the world today.
分析:答案为are used。computers是复数名词,助动词用are。
118. They made him sell his house contrary to his will.
He was made to sell his house contrary to his will
119. Being a learned man, Professor Lin is respected by all his students.
Professor Lin being a learned man, all the students respect him.
120. I will ask someone to clean the windows this afternoon.
I will have the windows cleaned this afternoon.
121. The foreign friend is said to come to our school tomorrow.
It is said that the foreign friend will come/is coming to our school tomorrow.
122. There is something wrong with your machine. Have you asked somebody to repair it for you?
There is something wrong with your machine. Have you had it repaired ?
123. It is said that John is a very honest man.
John is said to be a very honest man

四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换
【解题要领】这两种时态是针对一般过去时与现在完成时而言的。一般过去时应表述发生在过去某一时间的动作，惟此，才可能转为现在完成时，并后跟一段时间，但应特别注意动词是否属于延续性动词，如果为非延续性动词，则需将其改为延续性动词或延续性状态。这样的动词主要有：begin ／start—be on； come—be here；leave—be away（from）； buy—have；borrow—keep；die—be dead；return—be back；marry—be married；fall asleep ／go to sleep—be asleep；open—be open（adj．）；close—be closed（adj．）；catch a cold—have a cold；fallill—be ill；join the League ／Party—be in the League ／Party（be aLeague ／Party member；join the army—be in the army ／be a soldier；arrive in ／at—be in ／at；get up—be up，等等。
124．他上周买了一辆新自行车。
He bought a new bike last week． /He has had a new bike since last week．
125．王涛六年前参军。
Wang Tao joined the army six years ago． /Wang Tao has been a soldier for six years． /
Wang Tao has been in the army for six years．
126．The film began 20 minutes ago．2002盐城市）
The film has been on for 20 minutes．
127．Sam's grandfather died 10 years ago．（2002上海市）
Sam's grandfather has been dead for 10 years．
128．My grandpa joined the Party thirty years ago．（2002福州市）
My grandpa has been in the Party for thirty years．
129．I got up half an hour ago．（2002哈尔滨市）
I have been up for half anhour．
130. The film began five minutes ago.
The film has been _______ ________five minutes.
分析:答案为on for。begin表开始,为非延续性动词,应变为相应的延续性动词be。“for+时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”,常与现在完成时连用。
131. He has been away from his home town for five years.
It is five years since he left his home town.
132. She has been away from home for ten years.
It is ten years since she left home.

五、直接引语与间接引语的相互转换
将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语要注意宾语从句相关知识, 如时态、人称、动词、状语等的相应变化。如:
133. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He ______me that he _______ ________ his wallet.
分析:答案为told, had found。此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。
134. "Will you please speak louder?" she said to him.
She asked him to speak louder.
135. "I don't want to be examined." he answered.
He answered that he didn't want any examination.

六、某些典型句式或结构间的转换
这类典型的句式或结构有so...that...,too...to..., enough to, no