11规则英语听力与会话口述题.doc

最新 11 规则航海英语听力与会话口述题（30 个）
Content
Unit 2 Ship Orders ............................................................................................................................ 1
Unit 3 Pilotage ................................................................................................. 2
Unit 4 Berthing and Unberthing ....................................................................................................... 3
Unit 6 Navigation ......................................................................................................... 4
Unit 7 Communication at Sea ........................................................................................................... 6
Unit 8 Dealing with Piracy and Armed Attack at Sea ...................................................................... 7
Unit 9 Rescue and Suevival at Sea ................................................................................................... 9
Unit 10 Ship Repair and Maintenance ............................................................................................ 10
Unit 11 PSC Inspection .............. 11
Unit 12 Ship Security ..................................................................................................................... 12

Unit 2 Ship Orders
Task1: Ship’s orders
a. the basic ship’s orders
b. common ship’s orders in each category
c. caution in executing the orders
There are four kinds of common ship’s orders, such as wheel orders, engine orders, anchoring orders,
mooring orders.
The common wheel orders include Midships, Port five, Steady and so on.

The common engine orders include Full ahead, Stop engines, Standby engine and so on.
The common anchoring orders include Standby port anchor for letting go, Let go port anchor, Anchor is
aweigh and so on.
The common mooring orders include Heave on headline, Single up headline, Let go headline and so on.
The caution in executing the orders is that: All these ship’s orders should be given clearly, repeated, carried
out and reported correctly and immediately.

Task 2:Ship’s Anchoring Operation
1. responsibilities of the crew involved
2. basic anchoring orders and meanings
3. any other relevant information pertaining to anchoring
In anchoring operation the captain gives the orders.
The chief officer and carpenter carry out the orders on the spot and report accordingly.
There are many anchoring orders, for example,
Stand by port/starboard/both anchors for letting go. It means stand by relevant anchors for letting go.
Let go port/starboard/both anchors. It means “Drop the relevant anchors accordingly.”
Stand by for heaving up. It means “Get ready to pick up the anchor.”
The length of the anchor cable should be five to seven times the depth of water.
The operators should hoist the anchor signals according to the COLREG.

Task3：Ship’s Mooring and Unmooring Operation
19. responsibilities of the crew involved
20. basic mooring and unmooring orders
21. safety and other relevant information relating to mooring and unmooring operation
The captain gives the mooring and unmooring order.
The chief officer and the second officer carry out the orders and report accordingly.
There are many mooring and unmooring orders, for example, Send out the headlines; Make fast fore and aft ;
Stop heaving; Single up headline and so on.
The operators should check the lines regularly and ensure that they are in good condition.
The crew members should put on the gloves, helmet, safety shoes and so on.

Unit 3 Pilotage
Task1: Describe the procedures of pilotage.
1. the general procedures for pilot request
2. the preparations for receiving the pilot
3. the general rules for pilotage
If a vessel requires pilotage in a port,
She can ask her agent to arrange the pilotage 24 hours in advance.
The vessel should provide the pilot station with the following information:
Ship’s name, call sign, gross tonnage, maximum draft, cargo, ETA and so on.
The vessel should inquire/ask the pilot station about the time for pilot to embark and the place to pick up
pilot.
An Officer and a sailor should be appointed to stand by at pilot ladder when pilot embarks.
Lifebuoy, heaving line, manropes should be prepared beside the pilot ladder.
The pilot ladder should be clean and in good condition.
The pilot ladder should be rigged on leeside, clear of outlets.
The Master of the ship has the final responsibility on the ship even when the pilot is on the bridge.

Task 2:Describe the proper way of using VHF
A How to operate VHF set proper
B general rules of using VHF
C rules of using VHF Channel 16
VHF stands for very high frequency.
It is very important on board. VHF 是重要的设备。
It is used to communicate with other ships and the port. 用于船舶之间通讯。
First, turn on the power. 开电源。
Then, choose a correct channel. 选择正确的频道。
Press the transmitting button to speak. 按下发送按钮。
Speak slowly and clearly. 慢速且清晰
Use the IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases. 使用国际海事组织的《标准航海通信用语》
Do not make non-essential transmissions. 不要做无关重要的对话。
Do not use offensive language. 不要用不文明的语言。
Do not occupy channel 16 too long unless emergency. 除非遇险情况下，否则不要使用 16 频道呼叫。

Unit 4 Berthing and Unberthing
Task1: Describe the responsibilities as a watch officer while the ship is at anchor.
A. Regular operations for anchor watch.
B. Emergency handling in case of dragging
C. conclusion
If I am the officer on duty while the ship is at anchor.
The regular operations for anchor watch are as follows:
I shall keep a proper lookout.
I shall make inspections round the ship regularly. (from time to time)
I shall take the anchor position from time to time.
I shall check the situation of the anchor chains.
And I shall pay attention to the movement of other ships nearby.
I shall pay attention to the change of wind direction and speed, tide and seas.
In case of dragging anchor, I will inform the Master immediately.
And take emergency measures according to the Master’s orders.
During the anchor watch, we must be very responsible.

Task 2:Describe the proper way of using VHF
A. How to operate VHF set proper
B. general rules of using VHF
C. rules of using VHF Channel 16（重题）

Task3: Describe the procedures before arrival at a port.
A. the preparations from the bridge.
B. the preparations from the engine room
C. the preparations from the deck
Before a vessel arrives at a port, some preparation work must be done.
Inform the agent at the port about the ship’s ETA.
Ask the agent to arrange berthing, pilot, tug and so on.
Prepare the documents and certificates required for inspections.
Test and record all navigational equipment.
Gather/collect detailed information of the port such as fairway, tides and currents.
Inform the engine room about ETA.
The engine room should prepare for standing by engine.
Stand by anchor and get heaving line and mooring lines ready for berthing.
Stand by the pilot ladder and life buoy for the pilot.
Hoist the flags and signals as required.
Remind the crew to obey the port rules and regulations.

Unit 6 Navigation
Task 1: Describe the duties of watch-keeping when underway.
A General rules as to watch-keeping
B Items to be checked and monitored each watch.
C Special attention for bridge watch-keeping
When the vessel is underway, the OOW shall ensure safe navigation of the ship.
He must not leave the bridge during the watch.
He must call the captain when in any doubt or in restricted visibility or congested waterways.
During the watch, the items to be check are ship’s position, speed, and course.
He must monitor the status of navigational equipment and the movement of other vessels nearby.
Arrange proper lookout when necessary.
Make proper records during the watch.
Pay special attention to avoid collision, stranding/grounding and other dangers to navigation.
Pay attention to the weather, traffic and so on.

Task 2: Describe the bridge shift change.
A The conditions which must be satisfied before taking over a bridge watch.
B The procedures for shift change.
C Special attention for shift change.
During bridge shift change, the relieved officer shall ensure that the relieving officer is able to perform his duty.确保接班驾
驶员能履行职责
At night time, he shall ensure that the relieving officer’s vision is fully adjusted to the night condition.夜间换班，确保接班驾驶员的视觉已完全习惯夜间状态
The procedures for shift change are that:
The relieved officer shall tell the relieving officer about the ship’s navigation status, such as
交班驾驶员应当告知接班驾驶员船舶的航行状态，如：
The ship’s position, course, speed, or any danger to navigation.
He shall ensure that the relieving officer fully understand all standing orders or the Master’s night orders.
The relieving officer shall check the ship’s position, course and speed;
be aware of the tides, currents, weather, visibility;
note the status of all bridge equipment;
note the movement of other vessels nearby.
special attention for shift change is to make sure everything is clearly stated and understood.

Task 3: Describe the differences between navigating in a narrow channel and in a traffic separation
scheme.
A The rules in navigating in a narrow channel.
B The rules in navigating in a traffic separation scheme.
C The major differences in terms of technical navigation
Rule 9 of COLREG/collision regulations specifies/states rules for vessel navigating in a narrow channel.
In a narrow channel, a vessel shall proceed near to the starboard limit of the channel if it is safe and possible.
A vessel shall avoid crossing a narrow channel. 在狭水道沿航道右缘行驶,要避免穿越狭水道。
Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, (如果情况容许)avoid anchoring in a narrow channel.
Rule10 of COLREG specifies rules for vessel navigating in a traffic separation scheme.
In a traffic separation scheme a vessel shall proceed in the general direction of the traffic flow of that traffic lane. 沿船舶总
流方向行驶
But usually she will proceed along the centerline of the traffic lane and shall keep clear of a traffic separation line or
separation zone. 沿着航道中间线行驶，远离通航分隔线或通航分隔带
This is different from narrow channel navigation.

Task 4: Describe advantages of various tools or technologies for proper lookout.
a) The features of radar observation.
b) The advantages of visual lookout.
c) The correct uses of various tools or technologies.
There are various/different kinds of tools or technologies for keeping a proper lookout at sea.
Radar can detect the presence of an object within its working range in various weather conditions.
各种天气下，在量程范围内可探测到物标的出现
The bearing and distance of the object are noted and plotted. 可记录和标绘物标的方位和距离
But radar cannot tell the shape, size or height of the object. 无法呈现物标的形状、大小和高低
Besides, radar has blind sectors, so we cannot rely totally on the detection of radar. 有盲区
Visual lookout can discover object and find out its shape, size and height.
But this can only be possible within a certain distance in favorable weather conditions.
Therefore, in some circumstances/cases, lookout should be stationed even when radar is in operation.
Different tools or technologies have their respective advantages and disadvantages,
so we should use all available means to keep a proper lookout in order to ensure safe navigation.

Unit 7 Communication at Sea
Task 1: Describe the procedures of search and rescue operations.
8.The ways to transmit distress alerts.
9.The procedures for emergency responding.
10.The patterns of search and the ways to implement a SAR mission.
If a ship is in distress, transmit a distress alert with the master’s permission.
遇险时发送遇险警报之前必须征得船长同意
Distress-alerts can be transmitted through satellite or using DSC.
遇险警报可通过卫星传送或者使用数字选择呼叫
A ship receiving a distress alert should permit coast stations to acknowledge first.
收到警报的船舶应先由岸台确定其收到
If no response from any coast station, any ship nearby should answer the distress vessel
and proceed with all speed to the assistance of the persons in distress.
假如岸台没有任何回应，现场附近的任何船舶应当作已确认收到并且应全速去帮助遇险人员。
The patterns of search for the persons in distress include sector search, expanding square search and others. 搜寻遇险人员
的模式有扇形搜寻，方形扩展搜寻和其他。
To carry out a SAR mission, we need good on scene co-ordination.
为了搜救行动成功需要良好的现场协调。

Task 2: Describe briefly the GMDSS.
n Main objectives of GMDSS.
n The compotents of GMDSS.
n Main functions of GMDSS.
The main objectives of GMDSS are to alert a RCC that a vessel is in imminent danger and to enable the RCC to coordinate
search and rescue operations.
GMDSS uses two communication systems. 使用两种通信系统，卫星通信和地面通信
One is satellite communication system.
The other is terrestrial/ground communication system.
GMDSS has the following main functions: 遇险警报，定位，海上安全信息发布
1) distress alerting;
2) search and rescue coordinating communication;
3) SAR on-scene communication;
4) Locating;
5) MSI broadcasting; (maritime safety information)
6) General public communication;
7) Bridge-to-bridge communication. (ship-to-ship)

Task 3: Describe briefly the DSC distress alert.
A. The function of DSC.
B. The format of a distress alert.
C. Summary.
The DSC is used in the GMDSS for transmitting distress alerts from ships and from coast stations.
It is also used for relaying distress alerts from either ships or coast stations.
The form of a DSC distress alert is as follows:
• DISTRESS
• 9 digit MMSI of the transmitting station
• nature of distress
• distress co-ordinates including the position of the ship in distress
• time
• type of subsequent/follow-up communication.
The DSC system plays an important role in the GMDSS.

Unit 8 Dealing with Piracy and Armed Attack at Sea
Task 1: Piracy and Maritime Industry
a) Piracy Impacts on the Maritime Industry
b) Pirate infested waters
c) International anti-piracy efforts
Piracy activities have been bringing great impacts on the maritime industry, which are:
Threatening the safety of seafarers;
Threatening the marine environment;
Adding additional costs to shipping companies;
Causing ships to alter from the traditional trading routes.
The common pirate infested waters are: the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean,
and off the coast of Oman and so on.
The international anti-piracy efforts include:
IMO works with other international organizations to work out anti-piracy measures;
the UN Security Council authorized countries to send navy force to the infested waters.
Add piracy reporting centers in the pirate infested regions.
Task 2: Anti-pir