英语中的数字前缀主要有两个来源.doc

英语中的数字前缀主要有两个来源，楼上给出的是希腊源的数字字头，此外很常见的还有拉丁源的数字字头。虽然每个数字都有两种表示，但由于语源学的原因，这两种来源的数字前缀往往出现在不同类型的单词中。

拉丁数字前缀如下：
1 uni

2 bi/duo

3 tri
4quadri/quart
5quinque/quint
6 sex(t)/se
7 sept
8 oct

9 nonus/novem
10 dec(a)/de

11 dec/unde

12 duodec/duode
13 tredec/tridec

14 quatuodec
15 quindec(c)
16 sede(c)
1
7 septende(c)
18 decennoct

19 decennov

20 vige/vice

21 unviginti
22 duoviginti
23 treviginti
24quattuorviginti
25 quinviginti

26 sexviginti

27 septenviginti
28 octoviginti

拉丁源的前缀与不同的后缀结合多用于:
数学基数 decimal
关系形容词 quaternary
音乐家组合 quartet
表示倍数的词 triple
表示两个事件之间相隔的年份 quinquennial
表示有关方面的数目 bilateral
表示大数、幂的词 trillion
叶数或花或叶的瓣数 trifoliate
化学键 trivalent

希腊数字前缀如下：

1 mono
2 di/dy
3 tri
4 tetra
5 penta
6 hex

7 hept
8 oct

9 ennea
10 dec(a)

11hendec(a)

12 dodec(a)
13triskaideca/trideca
14tetrakaideca/tetradeca

15 pendeca

16 hexadeca
17heptadeca
18 octodeca
19 enneadeca
20 icos(a)
21 henicosa
22doicosa

23triicosa
24 tetraicosa
25 pentaicosa
26 hexaicosa
27 heptaicosa

28 octaicosa

希腊源的前缀与不同的后缀结合多用于:
平面图形的边数 pentagon
立体图形的面数 dodecahedron
某形状或线条的角数 triangle
统治者的成员个数 monarchy
诗歌的步格数 heptameter
一个集合中的元素数 triad
田径比赛的项目数 pentathlon
英语词根词源数字篇
uni- 表示"一","单一的"
bi- 表示"二","二的"
ambi- 表示"二","二者"
tri- 表示"三","三倍"
quadri- 表示"四","四倍"
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One
Uni-
1.unicorn / / n.独角兽mythical animal resembling a horse with a single straight horn projecting form its forehead
uni- (one)+corn (horn)
2.uniform/ /adj.相同的、无变化的not changing in form or character ; unvarying
n.制服distinctive clothing worn by all members of an organization
uni- (one)+form
e.g. : The house was kept at a uniform temperature.
3.unique/ /adj.唯一的、独特的being the only one ;have no like or equal
e.g. : Her designs are quite unique in today’s fashion scene.
4.unanimous/ /adj.意见一致的；一致同意的all agreeing on a decision or an opinion
uni-(one)+anim (mind)+-ous(形容词词尾)
e.g. :He was elected by unanimous vote.
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Two, double
Bi-
1.bicameral/ /adj.having two legislative chambers（议会）两院制的（如英国的上议院和下议院）
bi-(two)+camer (chamber)+-al(形容词尾)
e.g. a bicameral system of government两院制政体
2．biweekly/ /adj.adv.两周一次的（地）;隔周的（地）
bi-(two)+week+ly(副词词尾)
e.g. We hold our regular meeting biweekly.
3.bilingual/ /adj.会两种语言的able to speak, express ,write two languages equal well
bi-(two)+lingua(language)+-al(形容词尾)
e.g. He is bilingual in French and Spanish.
Di-
1.dilemma/ /n.进退两难的窘境situation in which one has to choose between two undesirable thing or courses of action
di-(double)+lemma(assumption)
e.g. The dilemma the doctor faced was whether he should tell the patient the truth.
[idm] on the horns of a dilemma 左右为难
2．diphthong/ /n.双元音（如au）union of two vowel sounds or vowel letters
di-(double)+phthong(sound)
3.diploma/ /n.文凭；毕业证书（对折的纸）certificate awarded for passing an examination
di-(double)+ploma(folded)
e.g. After graduation, he got a diploma in architecture.
Duo- [变化型]do- dou-, du-
1.duologue/ /n.对话；（戏剧中的）对白conversation between two people
dou-(two)+logue(speech)
2.duplicate/ /adj.完全相同的，复制的identical;twoflod,double
du-(two)+plic(to fold)+-ate(形容词词尾)
e.g. This research merely duplicates work already done elsewhere.
3.duel/ /n.v.决斗formal fight between two men
e.g. Because of the beautiful girl, Tom challenged Jimmy to duel.
Twi-
1.twice/ /adj.二倍；二回；二度double; two times
e.g. He has twice lied to us.
2.twilight/ /n.（日出前的）微明；黄昏（明暗两者之间的光）faint light after sunset or before sunrise
e.g. Twilight is a dangerous time for drivers.
3.twist/ /v.卷缠；曲解（两个缠在一起）
e.g. I twisted the bandage round her knee.
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Three
Tri-
1.tribe/ /n.种族；一群人；一类人racial group united by language, custom, religion large number of people; set or class people
tri-(three)+be =拉丁文bus (family)
e.g. I hate the whole tribe of politicians.
[词源] 古时位于罗马的三个种族the Ramnes, Tities, Luceres中任何一省均称tribe， 此种称法沿用至今。
2.trilateral/ /adj.有三边的 n.三边形involving three sides, groups, countries
tri-(three)+later(side)+- al(形容词词尾)
e.g. After overheated discussion, they reached a trilateral agreement.
3.triple/ /adj.三倍的，三部的n.三倍v.使成三倍 having three parts; three times
tri-(three)+ple(to fold)
e.g. He tripled his income in three years.
4.trival/ /adj.不重要的；琐碎的that has little importance
tri-(three)+via(way)+- al(形容词词尾)
e.g. You should pay great attention to even a trival mistake.
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Four
Quadri-
1.quadruped/ /n.四足兽four-footed animal
quadru-(fourfold)+ped(foot)
2.quadriplegia/ /n.四肢麻痹
quadri-(four)+pleg (paralysis麻痹)+-ia (condition)
3.quadrennial/ /adj.持续四年的；每四年一次的lasting for four years; happening every fourth year
quadr-(four)+enn(year)+-ial (形容词词尾)
Tetra-
1.tetragon/ /n.四角形；方形建筑
tetra-(four)+gon(angle)
2.tetrahedron/ /n.四面体
tetra-(four)+hedr(side)+-on(名词词尾)
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Five
Penta-
1.pentagon/ /n.五角形geometric figure with five sides and angles
penta-(five)+gon(angle)
[注]五角大楼（美国国防部办公处）（位于福吉尼亚州的阿灵顿）the five-sided building department of Defence and the US armed forces
2.pentarchy/ /n.五头政治；五国联盟

penta-(five)+archy (rule)
3.pente-cost/ /n.（犹太人的）五旬节（庆祝收获的节日）Jewish harvest festival that takes place fifty days after the second day of Passover
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Six
Sex-
1.sexagenarian/ /n.60-69岁之间的人(person who is) of any age from 60-69
2.sexpartite/ /adj.分成六部分的
sex-(six)+ part + -ite (形容词词尾)
3.sexcentenary/ /n. adj.六百周年纪念（的）
sex-(six) + cent(hundred)+ en(year)+-ary（形容词兼名词词尾）
Hex (a)-
1.hexagon/ /n.六角形geometric figure with six sides and angles
hexa- (six) + gon(angle)
2.hexameter/ /n.有六个韵部的诗行line of verse with six metrical foot
hexa- (six)+ meter( to measure )
==
Seven
Sept-
1.septet/ /n.七重奏（曲）；七重唱（曲）piece of music written for a group of seven instruments or singers
2.septennial/ /adj.连续七年的；七年一次的
sept- (seven)+enn(year)+-ial (形容词词尾)
3.september/ /n.九月the ninth month of the year, next after August but the seventh month of the Roman year
e.g. September showers, short periods of rain alternating with hot weather.
[注]恺撒之前的罗马历是以三月（March）为始，共有十个月。当时的七月称为。后来加上了一月（January）、二月（February）而成十二个月，但其余各月的名称并没有改变，只是往后顺延两个月，乃称九月为September, 其余依次类推：September（七月—九月）， November（九月—十一月）。
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Eight
Octa-, Octo-

1.octogenarian/ /n.80-89岁之间的老人persons between 80 and 89 of age
2.octagon/ /n.八角形
octa- (eight)+gon(angle)
3.octopus/ /n.章鱼；强有力且能为害的组织sea-animal with a soft body and eight long arms with suckers on them
octo- (eight)+pus(foot)
e.g. Have you ever tasted octopus?
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Ten
Deca-
1.decade/ /n.十年；由十所构成的一组period of ten years
e.g. the first decade of 20 century
2．decameron/ /n.十日谈
deca- (ten)+meron(day)
[注]意大利Boccaccio所著，包括100个故事
3.decapod/ /n.十脚类动物（如虾等）
dec-(ten)+pod(foot)
4.decimal/ /n. Adj.十进制（的）；小数（的）
decima(tithe十分之一)+ -al (形容词词尾)
e.g. decimal point 小数点