2015年高中英语阅读理解-第四部分-动物世界(三)练习.doc

第四部分 动物世界（三）
11. Why Do Moths Fly Around Lights?
飞蛾为什么绕着灯光飞
“飞蛾扑火”是句成语。那么飞蛾为何这样呢？这原来是昆虫的一种趋光性本能表现。蛾子飞近灯光后，它的两只睛眼离光源的远近不同，一只眼睛比另一只眼睛感受到的光线强，它们不停地拐向光线更强的方向，这样，它们就总是绕着圈子，盘旋着向灯光飞。
Have you ever wondered why you see moths flying mostly at night and then only around lights? It’s clear that moths are attracted to light. But what do you suppose the light does to them? Here’s the correct answer. A moth’s nervous system is extremely sensitive to light. It is believed that light causes a moth to reduce its movements.
At night, light hitting one side of the moth is sensed by the moth’s eyes, stimulating the nervous system. This produces a reflection that reduces wing movements on the side facing the light. When the wings on that side slow down, the uneven wing beat turns the other side of the moth to the light. In this way the moth is continually turning near a light. During daylight hours, light is much stronger and more direct, causing the moth to remain motionless.
Comprehension Questions:
1. What's the main idea of the passage? ______
A. The flight of moths B. Moths' eyes are sensitive
C. Moths and lights D. The effect of light on the flight of moths

2. Light causes a moth to move ______
A. faster. B. around. C. uneven. D. slowly.
3. It is _____ that makes a moth fly at night.
A. light B. darkness C. the moon D. daylight
4. In complete darkness moths most probably ______
A. fly about freely. B. reduce their movements.
C. turn continuously in circles. D. don't fly at all.
5. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? ______
A. Light causes a moth to stop its flying.
B. Light can reduce wing movements on the side back to the light.
C. Moths like to fly at night.
D. We can attract moths with lamps.
(DDBAB)

rather like an arm and a hand. It can use the trunk to pick up or put things in its mouth, and also to draw up water. Its skin is thick and almost hairless. The tusks are in fact teeth for cutting.
Elephants are gregarious. They like to move from one forest to the other in herds, but their speed is slow—from 15 to 20 miles an hour. Elephants are not very intelligent, and they do not see or hear well. But they have good memory and have strong sense of smell. Many Indians like to train them to carry heavy things.
Elephant's life is generally believed long, but not very known exactly. Elephants are vegetarians. They live on grass, leaves and fruits. They are fond of bamboo shoots, twigs or barks of trees. Every time they eat a quantity of food and water.
There are two kinds of elephants. One is Asian elephant; the other is African elephant. The African elephant is bigger and likes to expose under the sun. And the Asian elephant is more easily trained and prefers to live in shady places.
Comprehension Questions:
1. The elephant ______
A. is the largest animal in the world.

B. is larger than any other animal on the land.
C. picks up and puts things with its tusks.
D. can easily forgets.
2. We know very well that an elephant's skin is ______
A. almost hairless. B. smooth. C. thick. D. all of the above.
3. “Elephants are gregarious.” Here “gregarious” means that ______
A. elephants like living together. B. elephants like living alone.
C. elephants eat vegetables. D. elephants live on grass.
4. “Elephants are not very intelligent.” Here the word “intelligent” means ______
A. slow. B. fast. C. bright. D. foolish.
5. The diet of the elephant is ______
A. plants only. B. trees. C. meat. D. water and plants.
(BDACD)
13. The Cricket Has A Secret Home
蟋蟀有一个秘密的窝

The cricket is a clever builder. He never uses a cave or a hole in the ground, but digs his own house from one end to the other. His house is a sloping hole in the earth on some warm bank. It is usually six to nine inches in length, and may be either straight or bent.
The cricket’s home is known only to the cricket. The entrance is generally half covered with grass and is kept carefully. At the far end of the passage is a bedroom which is a little wider than the rest and is swept and cleaned more carefully.
A very simple home, you will say. But it is clean, warm, dry and comfortable to the life of the cricket. In it the cricket lives until it dies.

Comprehension Questions:
1. As a builder, the cricket is ______
A. lucky. B. permanent. C. clever. D. hardworking
2. The entrance to the cricket's home is ______
A. at the bedroom B. never clean C. not easily found. D. easy to find.
3. This passage is as a whole about ______
A. the cricket's house. B. a strange insect.
C. how the house is built. D. the life of the cricket.
4. Haw does a cricket have a home? ______
A. He builds it himself.
B. He uses a sloping hole in the earth on some warm bank.
C. He lives in a deserted house.
D. He lives in a house built by others.
5. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? ______
A. No other insects or animals know its home except the cricket itself.
B. The bedroom is wider than the rest of the cricket's house.
C. The cricket's house is clean, dry, warm and comfortable even though simple.
D. The cricket is the only insect that ever builds a home.
(CCAAD)
14. The Bat Has A Radar In Its Body
蝙蝠身上有只雷达

bats are regarded as friends of the human.
Bats have eyes, but they can't see very well, however, they have no trouble flying on the darkest nights and catching the insects that they want. How do bats manage to fly and see at night? They fly by radar.
The bat's radar system works the same way as the one that a ship or a plane uses. Like the radio signals sent by a ship or a plane the bat also sends signals that bounce back when they hit an object.
As a bat flies through the air, he sends out a series of sounds, thirty or sixty per second. The sounds can not be heard by the human ear. If the sounds hit an object, these returned sound signals tell the bat where the object is.
The bat's radar system is very good. Tests have been made with bats in crowded rooms. Blind in the night, the bats could fly about the rooms and never touch any object.
Comprehension Questions:
1. From this passage we can see the bat is ______
A. a bird that can see and fly at night. B. a four-legged beast which likes to eat insects.
C. a radar to be used in ships and planes. D. of benefit to the people.
2. Bats have no trouble flying fast everywhere on the darkest nights, because ______
A. they have strong wings. B. they want very much to get some insects to eat.
C. they have a kind of radar system to help them. D. they have sharp eyes.
3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ______
A. Bats have no eyesight at all. B. Bats have two good eyes.
C. Bats have a poor eyesight. D. Bats have no trouble seeing everything at night.
4. When bats fly through the air, they ______
A. send out radio signals. B. can see all kinds of things.
C. hit objects and bounce back. D. send out sound signals.
5. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? ______
A. The bats' radars are used in ships and planes.
B. The bats often come out at night.
C. The bats send out sound signals at least three score times every second.
D. Some bats had their radar systems tested in the rooms.
(DCCDA)

Rats eat our food or make it so dirty that it isn't fit for people at all. That's why people often kill them by laying down poison. After a day or two, they find the poison still there. The rats haven't touched it even though it is near the food they eat. People think that they must be clever and cunning. Some scientists have been trying to find the best way to see just what a rat does day and night. They have found out that rats aren't so clever. They are just very shy!
Rats usually live in holes. They run from these holes to the places where they eat and drink. They have special paths on which they travel each time. So they know their paths quite well.
If anything new, such as stone or wood, is put in the path, the rats won't go near it at first as they are too frightened. It will take them many days to get over the fear. They are also frightened to go near a place that they know, where something has been taken away. If a path goes around the rock, the rats follow the same path around the rock each time. If the rock is taken away, they will still run round the place where the rock was! They won't cross the empty place, which is now open to them, even though it would be quicker.
Rats will always keep away from anything unusual to them. That's why they won't eat poison on the first or second night. They usually won't go anywhere near it for about four days until they get used to being there. Even then they only eat a little at a time.
If people want to kill rats with poison, all they have to do is to leave it out for a few days. Once the rats have got used to it, they will eat it and die.
Comprehension Questions:
1. This passage mainly tells us _______.
A. how rats destroy our food B. how people should poison a rat
C. what the habit of rats is D. It is no easy job to poison a rat
2. How does the author feel about rats? ______
A. They are clever and cunning enough not to touch anything new.
B. They are smart and shy.
C. They are easy to get along with
D. They are enemies of us people.