高考一轮复习(新人教版英语)知识点梳理：必修1-Unit-4省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢,基础落实,.高频单词思忆,1.The machine is driven by,e,.,2.A great many houses were,d,in the,earthquake and many people became homeless.,3.The hurricane left the whole city in,r,.,4.It,t,my coat in the car door when I,got out of the car.,lectricity,estroyed,uins,rapped,Unit 4 Earthquakes,第1页,5.He,b,into the room without knocking.,6.Many men were,(埋葬)underground,when the accident at the mine happened.,7.It is an area where natural,(灾,难)often happen.,8.The firemen,(援救)the boy from,the burning house.,9.Teachers have,(表示)concern,about the emphasis on testing.,10.I,(祝贺)them all on their,results.,urst,buried,disasters,rescued,expressed,congratulated,第2页,.重点短语再现,1.,结束；终止,2.,照常,3.,掘出；发觉；找出,4.,作为而闻名,5.,被覆盖,6.,轻视；看不起,7.,为纪念,8.,以为骄傲,9.,分发，发出,10.,从判断,at an end,as usual,dig out,be known as,be covered by,think little of,in honour of,be proud of,give out,judge from,第3页,.经典句式利用,1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for,places to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。,句中looking for.是现在分词短语作,状语。现在分词所表示动作与谓语动词表,示动作,。,考点提炼,伴随,同时发生,第4页,2.Thousands of families were killed and many,children were left without parents.成千上万,个家庭遇难，许多孩子失去了父母。,此处leave表示“,”，,其后通常接复合宾语，即宾语加形容词、过去分,词、现在分词、介词（短语）等作宾语补足语。,考点提炼,使处于状态,第5页,3.Workers built shelters for survivors whose,homes had been destroyed.工人们为那些家园遭,受破坏幸存者建了住所。,是定语从句。关系代词whose引导定语从句时，,whose在从句中充当定语，whose指人，也可指物。,考点提炼,whose homes had been destroyed,第6页,4.The army organized teams to dig out those,who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队,组织人员挖出被困者，掩埋死者。,the dead意为“,”。“”,常表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词要用,形式。,5.The man was sleeping downstairs when the,earthquake happened.当地震发生时候，这个,人正在楼下睡觉。,此处when为并列连词，意为“,”，前面分句惯用,时态。,考点提炼,死者,the+形容词,复数,考点提炼,正在这,时/那时,进行,第7页,导练互动,重点单词,1.ruin,In fifteen terrible seconds a large city,lay in,回归书本P,26,),观察思索,The bank stepped in to save the company,from financial ruin.,银行介入使这家企业免于经济瓦解。,My new shoes got ruined in the mud.,我新鞋被泥浆给糟践了。,ruins,第8页,归纳总结,ruin,。,be in ruins成为废墟,be the ruin of成为毁灭（堕落）原因,bring sb.to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产,come/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡；瓦解；破坏,掉,ruin oneself自取灭亡,ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人健康/声誉,n,.毁坏；毁灭；瓦解；,v,.（使）破产；,（使）堕落，毁灭,第9页,易混辨异,destroy,ruin,damage,break,spoil,(1)destroy常指彻底、不能或极难修复“破,坏，毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象东,西，比如声誉、计划、努力、契约等。,（2）ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性,力量进行破坏，而含有在一定过程中逐步毁掉,意思。,（3）damage是程度较小“破坏，损坏”，普通指,被破坏物品能够重新修复。,第10页,（4）break是“破坏，打破，打坏”意思。它表,示范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形东西，,如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象东,西，如法律、缄默、魔力、习惯等。,（5）spoil破坏，糟践，其重点在于破坏事物原先,结构、友好性，使事物不再含有原先特点，宾,语常是景致、食欲、计划等。,第11页,即学即用,（1）大雨把我们假期彻底搞糟了。,The heavy rain,.,（2）多年战事已使伊拉克满目疮痍。,Years of fighting has left Iraq,.,ruined our holiday,in ruins,第12页,2.injure,Twothirds of them died or were,during the earthquake.(回归书本P,26,),易混辨异,hurt,injure,harm,wound,(1)hurt既可指肉体上伤害，也可指精神上、感,情上伤害；作不及物动词，意为“（身体某部,位）疼痛”。指肉体上伤害时，hurt可与,badly,slightly,seriously等连用，但若指精神,上创伤，只能说very much/rather/deeply,hurt。,injured,第13页,（2）injure比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure,则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功效损失。,（3）harm用于肉体或精神上伤害均可，有时可指,引发不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道,德事情。,（4）wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出,血、严重伤，尤指在战场上受伤。,第14页,即学即用,（1）在这次长途车撞车事故中，有10人死亡，18,人重伤。,In the coach crash 10 people died and 18,.,（2）在战争中，受伤远比死亡人多。,In a war there are,than killed.,（3）不要在昏暗灯光下看书，以免伤害眼睛。,Dont,by reading in dim,light.,were seriously injured,many more wounded,harm your eyes,第15页,3.burst,In the city,the water pipes in some,buildings cracked and,.(回归书本P,26,),观察思索,The excellent performance of Chinese,competitors at the 29th Beijing Olympic,Games caused bursts of applause.,在第29届北京奥运会上，中国队队员精彩表现,赢得了阵阵掌声。,She was bursting to tell him the good news.,她急不可待要把好消息告诉他。,burst,第16页,归纳总结,burst,。,burst out突然迸发；暴发,burst out doing sth.（=burst into+n.）突,然起来,be bursting to do sth.渴望；急着要做（某事）,burst in/into闯进，突然破门而入,burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/,乐不可支,vt,.&,vi,.（使）爆裂；（使）裂开；（使）炸,开；突然出现；暴发；,n,.突然破裂；暴发,第17页,即学即用,（1）,John working hard,his lost,time,his mother burst,laughing.,A.Seen;to keep up with;into,B.Seeing;to make up;out,C.Having seen;to catch up with;into,D.On seeing;to make up for;out,（2）She,into tears the moment she knew,she had failed that exam.,A.burst B.broke,C.shocked D.cried,D,A,第18页,4.shock,People were,.(回归书本P,26,),观察思索,I was shocked at the news of her death.,我听到她死讯十分震惊。,I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职消息，我深感意外。,The news of his death was a shock to us.,他死讯令我们震惊。,shocked,第19页,归纳总结,shock,。,with/from shock因为震惊,a shocking accident令人吃惊事故,come as a shock to sb.令某人大吃一惊,in a state of shock惊魂未定,suffer from shock休克,be shocked at对感到吃惊,be shocked to do深感意外地去做,n,.打击；震惊；,vt,.&,vi,.使震惊使惊愕；使触电,第20页,即学即用,（1）他妻子逝世消息对他打击太大了。,The news of his wifes death was,him.,（2）看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。,He,her smoking.,a terrible shock to,was shocked at,第21页,5.judge,Your speech was heard by a group of five,all of whom agreed that it was the,best one this year.(回归书本P,30,),观察思索,We judge that he is the best candidate.,我们认为他是最正确人选。,The judge demanded silence in the courtroom.法官要求法庭上要平静。,judges,第22页,归纳总结,judge,。,(1)judge sb./sth.from/by.从来判断,judge between right and wrong判断是非,as far as I can judge据我判断，我认为,judging by/from从上看；依据判断,Dont judge a book by its cover.勿以貌取人；,勿只凭外表判断。,(2)Judgement,n,.判断；审判；意见；判断力,in ones judgement依某人看来，按某人看法,v,.断定；判断；判决；,n,.裁判员；法官；,评判员,第23页,即学即用,（1）我不能断定他是对还是错。,I,whether he is right or,wrong.,（2）由天色看来，可能会放晴。,it,may clear up.,cant judge,Judging from the look of the sky,第24页,重点短语与句型,6.at an end,It seemed as if the world was,!,(回归书本P,26,),观察思索,The war was at an end.战争结束了。,Everything between them was at an end.,他们之间一切都已结束。,at an end,第25页,归纳总结,at an end意为：,。,come to an end,vi,.结束（用作谓语）,bring/put sth.to an end,vt,.结束；阻止,at the end of在尽头（末）（指时间或空间）,by the end of到末为止（与现在完成时连用）,by the end of last.（与过去完成时连用）,by the end of next.（用于未来完成时）,in the end最终，终于（作状语）,on end连续,to the end到底,without end没完没了,结束，终止,第26页,即学即用,（1）这一年已到年底了。,The year is,.,（2）会议结束了。,The meeting,.,at an end,came to an end,第27页,7.the number of,people who were killed or,injured reached more than 400,000.,(回归书本P,26,),观察思索,The number of the students standing outside,is about twenty.,有大约20个学生站在外面。,The number of students from the north is,small.,来自北方学生人数极少。,The number of,第28页,归纳总结,the number of意为：,。,表示“许多，若干”短语：,（2）many a+(single),n,.+单数谓语动词,数量,（1）,a large/great/good number of,a great/good many,a good few/quite a few,+(,pl,.),n,.,（3）,a great/good deal of,a great/large amount of,quite a little,+U,n,.,第29页,注意,（1）a number of+(,pl,.),n,.作主语，谓,语动词用复数，表示“许多，大量”。,(2)the number of+(,pl,.),n,.作主语，谓语动词用单,数，表示“数量”。,(3)large quantities of+(,pl,.),n,./U,n,.作主,语，谓语动词用复数。,a lot of/lots of,a great/large quantity of,large quantities of,plenty of,（4）,+(,pl,.),n,./U,n,.,第30页,(4)large amounts of+U,n,.作主语，谓语动词,用复数。,A number of problems have arisen.,已经出现了一些问题。,We have had an enormous amount of help from,people.,我们得到了人们大力帮助。,第31页,即学即用,（1）,children whose parents had died in,the earthquake,sent to live with,families in other cities.,A.A great number of;was,B.A great number of;were,C.The great number of;was,D.The great number of;were,B,第32页,（2）The number of students in our school,about 30,000 and,them study,hard.,A.is;a large amount of,B.are;a number of,C.are;large amount of,D.is;a large number of,D,第33页,8.give out,.gas that hot water,(回归书本P,28,),观察思索,Students were giving out leaflets to,everyone in the street.,学生们在向街上每一个人发传单。,The red radiator gives out a lot of heat.,那个红色散热器放出大量热。,My money will give out soon.我钱快要用光了。,gives out,第34页,归纳总结,give out意为：,。,give sth.away赠予；颁发；泄露,give back偿还；恢复,give off发出，放出,give over停顿，中止,give on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向,give up放弃,用完；发出，分发,第35页,即学即用,（1）The gas gave,an unpleasant smell.,A.off B.in C.up D.away,（2）Dont mention that at the beginning of,the story,or it may,the shocking,ending.,A.give away B.give out,C.give up D.give off,A,A,第36页,9.Farmers noticed that the well walls had,deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came,out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the,chickens and even the pigs were too,nervous to eat.农民们注意到水井井壁上,有深深裂缝。一股臭气从裂缝里冒出。农家,大院里鸡，甚至猪都担心得不吃食。,典例体验,reply,he stared at the floor.,他眼睛盯着地面，担心得答不上来。,It is never,give up our prejudice.,抛弃偏见永远也不会太晚。,Too nervous to,too late to,第37页,归纳总结,too nervous to eat意思为“,”。其中too.to.结构，表示“太,以致于不”。关于too.to.句式使用方法：,（1）too.to.太以致于不,（2）too.to.与not或never连用时，不定式为,必定意义。not/never too.to.,意为“并不,太所以能”。,It is never too late to mend.,亡羊补牢，未为晚也。,（3）too.to.前面有only,but,all时，only,too,but too和all too相当于very,后面不定式也,表示必定。,太担心而不能吃,东西,第38页,Im only too pleased to help you.,很荣幸能帮助你。,We shall be only/but too delighted to have,you with us.,能和你们在一起我们将感到非常高兴。,（4）当too.to.用来修饰表示态度，情绪，倾,向等形容词（如anxious,eager,glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing)时，不定式为必定意义。He was too eager to know the result of his,examination.,他迫切想知道考试结果。,第39页,即学即用,(1)The box was,(太,重了，我搬不动).,(2)Im,(太累了，什么也想不起来)now.,(3)I am,(想作一次环球旅行).,too heavy for me to lift,too tired to think of anything,too eager to travel around the world,第40页,10.It seemed as if the world was at an end!,好像到了世界末日！,典例体验,they know what theyre doing.,他们好像知道他们正在做什么。,The whole house,to be empty.,整座房子似乎空荡荡。,It seems that,seemed,第41页,归纳总结,It seems(to sb.)that/as if.意为：,，as if后边可用,语气。,seem to be/like+,n,.似乎，好像,seem to be doing sth./to have done sth.好像,正在做/已经做了某事,seem(to be)+,n,./,adj,.似乎是,There seems to be.好像有,（对某人,来说）似乎,虚拟,第42页,即学即用,（1）他们一直好像是要结婚似。,they would get,married.,（2）我大约把书忘在家里了。,my book at home.,It always seemed as if,I seem to have left,第43页,11.Then,later that afternoon,another big,quake which was almost as strong as the,first one shook Tangshan.接着，在下午晚,些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样地震,在唐山暴发了。,典例体验,He doesnt speak English,you.,他英语说得不如你流利。,I got up my father did this,morning.,今天早上我和父亲起得一样早。,as/so fluently as,as early,as,第44页,归纳总结,本句,属于“as.as”,结构，两个as词性不一样，所以它们后面所跟结,构亦不一样。第一个as是副词，所以后面跟是形容词或副词,，第二个as是连词，所以后面常跟名,词、代词或从句。其否定形式为,意为,“,”。,注意,（1）第一个as是副词，假如后面接单数名词，,要用“as+,adj,.+a/an+,n,.+as.”结构。,John is as kind a student as me.,约翰和我一样是个心地善良学生。,as strong as the first one,原级,not as/so.as,不如,第45页,（2）as.as用来表示倍数结构为“A is.times,as.as B”，意为“A是B几倍”。,This playground is three times as big as that,one.,这个操场是那个操场三倍大。,第46页,即学即用,（1）It is reported that the US uses,energy as the whole of Europe.,A.as twiceB.twice much,C.twice much asD.twice as much,（2）Exercise is,as any other to lose,unwanted weight.,A.so useful a way,B.as a useful way,C.as useful a way,D.such a useful way,D,C,第47页,1.利用派生法，品句填词,(1)The,of the island is,by the unwise,.(govern),(2)Do you know why the May 4th,broke out?,Sorry,I dont know.Because at that time,my family,from Beijing to Hong,Kong.(move),(3)The,news caused great,among her friends when she told them,.(excite),government,governed,governor,Movement,moved,exciting,excitement,excitedly,品味构词,第48页,串联扩展,动 词后 缀,名 词,argue 争论,-ment,争吵，争论,state 陈说,statement,agree 同意,agreement,depart 离开,部门,appoint 委派,appointment,announce,宣告,announcement,settle 定居,定居,argument,陈说,申明,协定,约会,确定,宣告,公告,settlement,department,第49页,2.利用转化法,品句解词,(1)On arrival at the station,I always,beside the newspaper,.,(2)Just now I,nothing but ain his,hand.,(3)She,that she must have left her,bag on the train for some,.,stand,stand,站立,动词；摊位,名词,saw,saw,看见,动词;锯,名词,reasoned,reason,判定,断定,动词;原因,名词,第50页,动 词,名 词,fly,fly,match 相配,match,set放，摆,set,go走，行,go,swallow 吞，咽,swallow,face,face脸,飞,苍蝇,面临,火柴,比赛,套，副,轮到机会,燕子,第51页,考题回扣,【,例1,】Whenever I met her,was fairly,often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.（山东高考）,A.who B.which C.when D.that,解析,此处考查which引导非限制性定语从句。,句意为：不论何时我遇见她，她都会一如既往地,向我微笑。,课文原文,It was felt in Beijing,is more than,two hundred kilometres away.,which,B,第52页,【,例2,】A person,e-mail account is full,wont be able to send or receive any,e-mails.（天津高考）,A.whoB.whom,C.whoseD.whoever,解析,e-mail account前缺乏定语，故用whose,引导定语从句，相当于the e-mail account of,whom。,课文原文,Workers built shelters for survivors,homes had been destroyed.,whose,C,第53页,【,例3,】,you need to give all you have and,try your best.（辽宁高考）,A.Being a winner B.To be a winner,C.Be a winner D.Having been a winner,解析,句意为：为了成为赢家，你要付出你所,有并全力以赴。所以空格部分在句中应作目标状,语，故要用动词不定式。,课文原文,Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000,soldiers to Tangshan,.,to help the rescue,workers,B,第54页,【,例4,】The way the guests,in the hotel,influenced their evaluation of the service.（北京高考）,A.treated B.were treated,C.would treat D.would be treated,解析,由句意可知treat动作与influenced动,作含有同时性，故用普通过去时。客人是“受到,对待”，故用被动语态。,课文原文,Thousands of families,and many,children,without parents.,were killed,were left,B,第55页,【,例5,】I can,be a teacher.Im not a very,patient person.（湖南高考）,A.seldomB.ever,C.neverD.always,解析,依据后置语境Im not a very patient,person.可知，前句句意应为：我永远不会成为一,名老师。表示全部否定含义用never。,课文原文,Tens of thousands of cows would,give milk again.,never,C,第56页,自主检测,.品句填词,1.The fish must go bad,for it is,s,.,2.The two countries were separated by a,c,.,3.Water can be turned into,s,when heated.,4.After the earthquake,the whole city was in,r,.,5.An accident happened.Luckily,nobody was,i,.,melly,anal,team,uins,njured,第57页,6.There was no,s,in the air crash.,7.The workers made great efforts to r,the people who were trapped underground.,8.Because of the global warming,there are,more and more natural,d,.,9.The students in our school have o,many clubs for themselves.,10.The air in the countryside is much f than that in the city.,urvivor,escue,isasters,rganized,resher,第58页,.短语利用,1.If war breaks out,we shall be called up,.,2.The express train arrived on schedule,.,3.He,my suggestion,which,made me a bit upset.,4.Our company,its reputation,for fair dealing.,right away,think little of,as usual,give,out,be proud of,in ruins,right away,as usual,thought little of,is proud of,第59页,5.The news of the Presidents death,in a radio broadcast.,6.The house was,.Fortunately,nobody,was hurt.,was,given out,in ruins,第60页,.完成句子,1.Death finally,(结束了她痛苦).,2.They,(避雨)under a,big tree.,3.He,(被评为)the best actor,of this year.,4.The foreign visitors,(非常高兴有机会)to,visit the Great Wall.,5.What a noise!I can hardly stand it.,It,(好像他们在开晚会)next door.,brought an end to her suffering,took shelter from rain,was judged to be,are only too glad to,have the opportunityseems as if they are having a party,第61页,6.,(不论他们在哪儿出,现),they met with strong protests.,7.,(在城镇北边),stood a leaning tower in the past.,8.A memorial meeting was held,(为了纪念这位伟大作家).,9.,(有三分之二人伤亡)during the,Wenchuan earthquake.,10.But the one million people of the city,(对这,些征兆满不在意),went to bed as usual that,night.,Everywhere they appeared,To the north of the town,in honour of,the great writer,Two-thirds of the people died or were,injured,who thought little of these events,第62页,.单项填空,1.Believe it or not,Lilys sister,crying when we were eating.,A.burst onB.burst in,C.burst outD.burst into,解析,burst out+,v,.,-,ing意为“突然起,来”，而burst into+,n,.意为“突然开始”。,burst on突然出现；burst in闯进；突然闯进。,句意为：信不信由你，我们吃饭时莉莉妹妹突然,哭了起来。由句意及burst out使用方法可知正确答,案为C项。,C,第63页,2.The two ladies are of the same age,but it,looks as if one,ten years older than,.,A.is;other B.was;another,C.were;other D.were;the other,解析,考查虚拟语气及代词使用方法。从句表述,内容与现在事实相反，所以，要用虚拟语气，,be动词要用were;二者中另一个应该用the,other。,D,第64页,3.I received his mothers phone call at,ten.Only then did I know that he was badly,in an accident the day before,yesterday.,A.hurt B.injured,C.harmedD.wounded,解析,意外受伤惯用injure。句意为：十点钟，,我接到他母亲电话。直到那时我才知道他在前,天一次意外事故中伤得很严重。,B,第65页,4.Lets,our gl