中考名词专题-.ppt

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,语法精讲,名词,1,专有名词,B,eijing,T,he,G,reat,W,all,J,im,普通名词,book,weather,2,考点一,名词辨析,1.,语境辨析,There are a few _ in the fridge.Lets go and buy some peas,carrots and cabbages.,A.meat B.fruits C.vegetables,C,3,2.,近义词辨析,voice,人声,noise,噪声,sound,一切声音,family,家庭,家人,house,房子,home,家,message,消息,news,新闻,information,信息,work,工作（不可数）,job,工作，职业（可数）,question,问题,problem,难题，问题,Dont make any _.The boy,is sleeping.,A.voice B.noise C.laugh,B,4,考点二,名词的数,5,可数名词的单复数,6,情况,(,规则变化,),构成方法,例词,girlgirls;pen-pens,busbuses;box-boxes,watch-watches;dish-dishes,baby-babies;family-families,boy-boys;day-days,tomato-tomatoes;hero-heroes,photo-photos,half-halves;,wife-wives;,一般情况,以“,s,x,ch,sh,”,结尾,以辅音字母,+,y,结尾,以辅音字母,+o,结尾,以,f,或,fe,结尾的,加,-,s,加,-es,加,“,es”,加,“,s”,变,f,或,fe,为,v,再加,es,以元音字母,+o,结尾,变,y,为,i,再加,-es,直接加,-,s,以元音字母,加,y,结尾,7,构成方法（,不规则变化,）,例词,foot-f,ee,t tooth-t,ee,th woman-wom,e,n man-m,e,n mouse-m,ic,e,ox-ox,en,child-child,ren,deer-deer fish-fish sheep-sheep,1.Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese,2.Frenchman-Frenchm,e,n,Englishman-Englishm,e,n,3.German-German,s,Russian-Russian,s,American,s,Australian,s,Indian,s,内部元音发生变化,词尾发生变化,个别名词单复同形,表示某国人时，,中日不变，,英法变，,其他国家加,s,8,特殊情况,(1),有些名词只有复数形式，如：,clothes,，,shorts,，,pants,，,scissors(,剪刀,),，,goods,，,glasses(,眼镜,),(2),有些名词以,s,结尾，但不是复数形式，如：,news,，,physics,，,politics,(3),有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词，如：,room(,空间,)a room(,房间,),work(,工作,)works(,著作,),9,watch-knife-,boy-story-,hero-photo-,watches,boys,heroes,knives,stories,photos,-Are those _?,-No,they arent.Theyre _.,A.photos;pictures of China,B.photoes;pictures of China,C.photos;picture of China,A,10,不可数名词,11,不可数名词：（前面不能用,a,an,等来修饰）,到目前为止我们所学的不可数名词有：,液体类,:,肉类,:,粉末类：,抽象名词类：,食物类,:,返回,water,：,juice,tea,soup,milk,cola,coffee,meat,beef,pork,mutton,food,broccoli,rice,porridge,junk food ,tofu,bread,news,information,money,advice,friendship,work,homework,housework,schoolwork,help,fun,health,price,12,可用于不可数名词前表示量的词：,量词,+of,，,(a)little,much,some/any,a lot of,plenty of,I would like to have _.,two glasses of milk B.two glass of milks,C.two glasses of milks,A,13,易混淆知识：,news,advice,work,information,weather,pollution,，,food,，,knowledge,，,progress,homework,不可数,m,essage,job,suggestion,vegetable,可数,room,，,wood,orange,chicken,等词作可数与不可数名词时意思不同,people,作“人们”讲本身是复数，作“民族”讲是单数，其复数是,peoples.,14,名词的所有格,考点三,15,双重所有格,单重所有格,of,所有格,s,所有格,名词所有格,表示所属关系,16,构成方法,例句,Linda,s,desk,the boy,s,friends,the child,ren,s,Day,Lucy and Lily,s,mother,Lucy,s,and Lily,s,books,today,s,newspaper,fifteen minute,s,walk,表示,时间、距离,的名词可以加,s,或 构成所有格形式,一般在有生命名词后加,s,构成,若以,S,结尾复数名词，则在,S,后加若不是以,S,结尾复数名词，则加,s,表示几个人,共同的东西,，只在最后一个人后加,s.,表示几个人都,分别有,的东西，则每个都加,s.,表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格 后面的名词,at my uncle,s,=at my uncle,s,home,17,2.,表示无生命事物的所有关系,a map of China,the name of the film,the cover of the book,电影的名字,中国地图,书的封面,一般用,.of.,结构来表示无生命的名词所有格：,18,2),名词,+of+,名词性物主代词,1),名词,+of+,名词所有格,:,a friend of Jacks,3.,名词的双重所有格,:,就是指同时既使用,-,s,所有格又使用,of,所有格。,a friend of hers,a photo of Mr Smiths,a photo of Mr Smith,史密斯先生收藏的一张照片,史密斯先生照的一张照片,19,1,我老师的办公室,2,学生们 的练习本,3,儿童节,4,今天的报纸,5,十五分钟的路程,6,到汤姆家去,my teacher,s,office,student,s,exercise books,Children,s,Day,today,s,newspaper,15 minute,s,walk=a 15-minute walk,to Tom,s,=to Tom,s,house,20,7,广东的省会,8,教室的门,9,我父亲的一个朋友,10,他的两个兄弟,11,爱迪生的一些发明,12,他弟弟的一张照片,(,照片属于他弟弟,),13,他弟弟的一张照片,(,照片里的人是他弟弟,),the capital,of,Guangdong,the doors,of,the classroom,a friend,of,my,father,(s),two brothers,of his,some inventions,of Edisons,a picture of his,brothers,a picture of his,brother,21,It is over_from Shijiazhuang to Beijing.,A.three hours drive B.three hours drive,C.three hours drive,A,22,I have many friends here.Lily is _.,A.mine friend B.a friend of my,C.a friend of mine,C,23,考点四,名词作定语,(,较少考查）,24,There is one,toy,factory in the city.,There are two,toy,factories in the city.,(1),名词作定语，一般用单数形式。如：,(2)woman,man,做定语修饰名词时，若所修饰的名词是单数，则,man,和,woman,用单数。若所修饰的名词是复数，则,man,和,woman,用复数。如：,There is a,woman teacher.,There are three,women teachers,.,25,大家来找茬,10.This is _ bedroom.The twin sisters like it very much.,A.Anne and Jane B.Annes and Janes,C.Anne and Janes,11.The_ park will open next week.,A.childrens B.childrens,C.children,B,B,26,12.Lots of things are made of _.We must Protect _.,A.woods;woods B.wood;wood,C.wood;woods,16.Excuse me,where is the_?,A.mans room B.mens room,C.men rooms,C,C,27,17.She has been in Yueyang for 8 years.Yueyang has become her second_.,A.station B.house C.home,20.My teacher gives us some good _on English learning.,A.advice B.suggestion,C.informations,C,B,28,29,END,小伙伴们，下节课再见,30,