六年级比较级与最高级的用法.doc

课前准备：检查学生掌握单词情况（听写）
一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
　1．一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；
　　（1）单音节词
　　如：small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest
　　tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest
　　（2）双音节词
　　如：clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest
　2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；
　　如：large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest
　3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；
　　如：big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest
4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词， 把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；
　　如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest
　　busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest
5．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；
　　如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
　　different→more different→most different
　　easily→more easily→most easily
　　注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。
　　例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
　　（2） 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。
　　It is a most important problem.
　　=It is a very important problem.
　6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。
　　如：good→better→best well→better→best
　　bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst
　　old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
　　many/much→more→most little→less→least
far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
词形变换。
比较级 最高级
large _________________ ___________________
fast _________________ ___________________
easy _________________ ___________________
wet _________________ ___________________
good ________ ___________________
important _________________ ___________________
well __________________ ___________________
bad _________________ ___________________
many _________________ ___________________
little _________________ _______________
far _________________ ___________________
strong _________________ ___________________
patient _________________ ___________________
safe _________________ ___________________
expensive _________________ ___________________

二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的句子公式：
比较级
形容词物体A + am / are / is + 形比 + than + 物体B.
I am taller than you.
Pasta is more delicious than pizza.
副词物体A + 行为动词 + 副比 + than + 物体B.
Cheetahs run faster than goats.
He studies better than me.

最高级
1）物体A + am / are / is + the + 形最高级 + 比较范围（of + 人/物，in +地方）.
I am the tallest in the class.

Pasta is the most delicious food of the three.
2）物体A + 行为动词 + 副词最高级 + 比较范围（of + 人/物，in + 地方）.
Cheetahs run fastest in the world.
He studies best of us.

1. She is ________ than ________ .
    A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we
 2. Jane is ________ than Betty.
    A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall
 3. China is ________ country in the world.
    A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest
 4. -Which is ____ season in Beijing?
　　-I think it's autumn.
　　A.good            B.better           C.best               D.the best
5．- Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?
　　-- Of course, the moon is.
　　A.small          B.smaller           C.smallest           D.the smallest
6.The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.
A. clean        B. cleaner         C. cleanest             D. the cleanest
7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before.
　　A. cheap      B. cheaper        C. cheapest             D. the cheapest
8．I study English as_______as my brother.
A.hard   B. harder  C. hardest
9. Which is _____ , a bicycle or a computer?
A.  expensive  B.more expensive  C.the most expensive
10. The Yellow River is one of ______rivers in China.
   A   long  B longer  C the longest
11.She is the second _______student in our class.
   A. tall    B. taller    C. tallest
用括号里的词的适当形式填空。
1. Tom can jump _______(high). He jumps _______(high) than the other boys in
his class.
2. Janet sing _______(well) in her class. She can sing ______(well) than her music teacher, too.
3. My father is ______(handsome). But my brother is ________(handsome) than him. He is ______(handsome) in my family.
4. I have ______(many) books in my class. But my teacher has _____(many) books than ____(I).
5.______(they) house is much ______(old) than ______(we).
三、形容词和副词比较级的用法
1．“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。
如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。
注意：
　① 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。
②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。
　 如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.
③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。
2．“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”
　　如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.
　　春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。
　　It is getting cooler and cooler.
　　天气越来越凉爽。
　　The wind became more and more heavily.
　　风变得越来越大。
　　Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们的学校变得越来越美丽。
3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
　　如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?
4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。
　　The more money you make, the more you spend.
　　钱你赚得越多，花得越多。
　　The sooner，the better.
　　越快越好。
5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：
　　①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.
　　如：The new building is three times the height of the old one.
　　这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)
　　②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.
　　如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.

　　亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)
　　③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.
　　如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.
我们学校比你们学校大两倍。
6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。
　如：He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。
7."否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。
　　Nothing is so easy as this.
　　=Nothing is easier than this.
=This is the easiest thing.
8. 比较级与最高级的转换：
　　Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
　　Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class
注意：修饰比较级和最高级的词
　　1）可修饰比较级的词
　　①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。
　　②. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
　　③. 以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
　　注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
　　(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
　　(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
　　2)下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost。
　　This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.
　　注意：
　　a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。
　　This is the very best.
　　This is much the best.
　　b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。
Africa is the second largest continent.
选择题
1. This box is___ that one.
    A. heavy than B. so heavy than
    C heavier as D. as heavy as
2. When we speak to people, we should be ' .
    A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly
    C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly
3. This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
A. as difficult as; expensive
    B. as more difficult as; more expensive
    C. as difficult as; more expensive
    D. more difficult as; as expensive
4. I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
    A. interesting B. interested
C. more interesting D. most interesting
5. His father began to work____ he was seven years old.
  A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while
6.I think science is _ than Japanese.
  A. much important B. important
C. much more important D. more much important
7.This pencil is___ than that one.
   A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long
8.My mother is no young.
   A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few
9.These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
   A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
10.It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.
  A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot

四、总结与作业
1.选择填空。
1.Birds can fly ____________, eagles can fly
____________than birds. They fly __________ in the
world. ( high, higher, highest )
2. I am __________ than my brother, but my little sister is
the __________ of us. (fat, fatter, fattest )
3. Which can swim _________, fish or sharks? ( well,better, best )
4. The green book is a ___________ book, but the red one
is much __________ than the green one. It’s the _________
book in the bookshop. (nice, nicer, nicest )
5. Look at that boy, he is running __________ (fast,faster).
6. I think that book is ____________ (good, better) for you.
7. The new library has ____________ (many, more) books than
the old one.
8. Sally is _____________ (tall, taller) than her cousin.
9. Our school is much _____________ (large, larger) than yours.
10. Look, Janet is jumping ____________ (high, higher) than Mike.

2.汉译英。
1.她比我漂亮。（pretty）
_______________________________________________________________
2.我学习比他们好。（well）
_______________________________________________________________
3.她是我们中间最漂亮的。（pretty）
_______________________________________________________________
4.我学习是全班上最好的。（well）
_______________________________________________________________