语法填空之一名词.doc

语法填空--名词
名词主要考查的知识点：名词的用法,语境中词性的判断，词的转化。在语法填空题中常出现给一个提示词要求用它的正确形式填空，
重点复习
①掌握名词单复数的变化规律以及与相近语法的关系（名词单复数的使用受冠词、数词和主谓一致等语法的制约，因此复习名词单复数时，应注意分析名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语情况，还应注意主谓一致问题）。
②熟悉、区别可数不可数（英语中有些名词有时为可数名词，而有时又是不可数名词，其区别由各自不同的用法而定，这是名词可数性用法的难点）。如：work 工作，不可数名词；著作 作品，可数；工厂 作坊，可数；工程 工事，可数。
③掌握名词所有格的表示方法和名词作定语的用法，特别注意 else的所有格、双重所有格的用法。
一、语法填空之名词基础练习
1．Father went to his doctor for_______ (advise)about his heart trouble．
2. There are ten__________ (woman)teachers and two hundred ________(girl) students in the school．
3. Facing cut-throat ______ (compete) in all subjects, students must devote as much of their time as possible.
4. I shall never fear difficulty and I shall never know the _______ (exist) of the word “failure”.
5. You’ll want to know your body language is saying and how to interpret other _______(people).
6. Not long ago he sent ______(word) that he would return with his family.
7. She was in London and spent her ________(young) in China.
8. The ________ (erupt) of Mount Kilauea, one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii, is always taking people by surprise.
9. His _________ (curious) made him wonder about clouds.
10. Except for some short songs and poems included in his plays, all of _______ (Shakespeare) greatest poems are sonnet.
11. The number of languages is getting smaller all the time because of the steady ________ (grow) of bigger languages.
12. Tight jeans and trousers, short skirts and even sensible flat shoes may all cause _____ (ill)
13. Reduce the amount of it if you suffered from restlessness or ________ (sleep) after taking the medicine.
14. I saw many ______ (Japan) seated in the corner and reading something.
15. You should take more ______(exercise). Don’t always sit at the desk busy doing your _____(exercise).
二、高考与各地模拟题中语法填空中的名词考点
1…Mr Chen has taught me English since Junior 1, and to show my____ (appreciate) I decided to get her a present. 　
2. you have done well and made great achievement in the _ (entertain) field.
3. These people have made great (contribute) to China with their work.
4. As far as I am concerned, my [37] ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.
5. I took out my guide book in which there was a lot of information about the city's well-known tourist 34 (attract) and started to read.
6. But some have put forward the idea that the remains date from this period because of their __38__ (similar) to those found elsewhere."
7. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and brought me into her world; a world of smiles, love and 39 ( warm )
8. We convey either by words or by actions that failure is something to be ashamed of and that nothing but top performance meets with our ___34___ (approve).
9. Some things looked as if they had not been cared for a long time, but I knew their __34___( beautify) was still there beneath their own surface.
三、语法填空
The Internet has become part of young people’s life. ____1____ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get _____2____ (use) information on the Internet ____3____ use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don’t use it _____4____ a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites ____5____ shouldn’t look at. So bad things may happen ____6___ students spend too much time on the Internet. ____7____ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, _____8____ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice. Some students also make ____9____ on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face ____10_____ (meet) with your online friends, let your parents know and meet in a proper place.
根据派生词进行语法填空。（动词要密切注意时态、语态、人称和非谓语动词） 
1. Madame Curie will always be remembered as the  (discover) of radium. She and her husband had done lots of   (science) research before   (discover) radium. 
2. Thomas Edison is considered one of the greatest   (invent) in the history. He had over 1000   (invent) all his life. 
3. Einstein is always believed to be one of the greatest   (science) in the (20) century. He make great contributions (contribute) to modern science and 
technology. 
4. I hear Liming can run 100 meters in 11 seconds. That’s really
(believe). 
5. Don’t hesitate, John. You must make your own  (decide) right now. 
6. Can you give me a   (describe) of lost bag, sir? I’ll call you if I find it. 
7. My English teacher always   (courage) us to do more speaking. He asks us not to feel discouraged (courage) even if we sometimes make mistakes. He also 
says that we should pay special attention to our  (pronounce) when 
  (speak) English. 
8. The Great wall is one of the most famous tour   (attract) in China. It
 (attract) a great number of  (foreign). 
9. I haven’t received an  (invite) of Liping’s wedding yet. I’m afraid I 
won’t go to her wedding unless (invite). 
10. The concert was a great   (succeed). The singers were singing 
 (beauty), and all the musicians (music) were doing 
(succeed). 
11. The injured passengers were sent to the hospital immediately. But   
(fortune), some of them lost their lives on the way to the hospital. All the people 
think that the   (care) driver had heavy   (responsible) for the 
accident. 
12. Many fish have died from   (pollute) and many birds have died from 
(pollute) air. a government   (office) says that we should take 
measures to prevent the environment (from)being  (pollute). 
13. We all take  (proud) in the fact that China has entered the World Trade 
(organize). That means we can buy cheaper foreign   (produce) 
in the near future. 
14. The  (crime) is in prison. You can’t see him without the   
(permit) of the police. 
15.   (person) speaking, what the   (physics) said at the conference was encouraging. 
16. What you did just now made no   (differ). 
17. Man is short of  (nature) resources now. They really require  / (protect). 
18. Not only should we talk  (polite) but also we should pay attention to our
(face) expressions when communicating (communicate) with others. 
19 The famous   (write) is good at   (write) detective stories. He has  (write) over 1000 detective stories since he began to write in 1995. 
The detective stories   (write) by him are popular all over the world. 
20. Oh, the roast chicken really   (taste) delicious! I have never eaten such   (taste) dish. 
21. I think we should   (strong) the communication between teachers and 
students. 
22. Martin Luther King is considered one of the greatest   (speak) in the 20th century. The   (speak) he made on civil rights will always be remembered by people all over the world. 
23. Mike got   (marry) last week. He decided to live with his parents after 
 (marry). 
24. We can find a lot of   (inform) by surfing the Internet. 
25. It is   (legal) to drive without a driving permit. Whoever drives without a 
driving permit must be (punish) severely. 
26. Look! The managers are having a heated  (discuss). The problem 
 (discuss) must be very important. 
27. It was when he was seriously ill that he realized the   (important) 
of health. In fact, everybody must be aware that health is the
(important) for a person. 
28. The  (prison) has been in prison for years. How he longs for   
(free). 
29. At first, the Americans were mainly from   (Europe) countries. Later, 
more and more  (Asia) people migrated to the land. 
30. Professor Smith, one of the famous   (educate), once said, “One must 
have a good   (educate). An   (educate) person can usually have a 
better job and lifestyle.” 
31. The invention of   (electric) is really   (benefit) to human. 
32. Jet Le is an excellent  (act). His wife, Lichi, is also a famous   (act). 
They have both made great   (achieve) and   (contribute) 
film industry. 
33. Liu Jun is good at doing English exams, but he is   (able) to speak English well. In fact, we Chinese students should do more speaking to improve our speaking   (able). 
34. The woman is waiting for her husband with   (anxious). 
35. The  (surprise) news made all of us   (surprise). 
36. Big cities usually have many   (amuse). In fact, there are many 
  (amuse) activities and people can feel   (amuse) when joining in
these activities. 
37. The company has put on several job   (advertise) in a newspaper 
looking for some construction   (design). 
38. The manager of the company is a   (smoke), so he doesn’t allow 
  (smoke) in the office. 
39. He has drawn a conclusion (conclude) that one can’t succeed without   (confident). 
40. The manager broke the   (silent) and put forward some good   
(suggest). 
41. Many Chinese people think that there are few  celebrate) in our 
(tradition) festivals. They say they sometimes have a better time by 
(celebrate) western festivals. 
42. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man  (health),  (wealth) and   (wisdom). 
43. His advice sounds  (certain) very good. But I am  (certain)
whether it is   (practice) or not.
动词变为名词的后缀
1.v+ ment 结尾
achieve---achievement 成就 advertise--- advertisement// advertising
agree— (in )agreement apartment 公寓
amusement 娱乐 argue---argument争吵
commit奉献—commitment compliment 称赞，恭维
develop---development disagree—disagreement
department 局，部experiment 实验，试验
equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材 govern 统治—government 政府
manage---management 经营 管理
2．V+ tion 结尾
attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方
conclude—conclusion 结论 compete—competition 竞争，比赛
discuss—discussion 讨论 educate-----education
decide----decision describe—description描写，描绘
express 表达----expression 词语；表达方式 graduate 毕业—graduation
operate 操作，动手术—operation organize----organization
instruct—instruction 指导， 介绍 invent—inventor / invention
invite—invitation inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的---
pollute----pollution 污染 predict---prediction 预言
pronounce ---pronunciation resolve 决心-----resolution 决心
permit 允许-----permission suggest-建议，暗示--suggestion
solve解决-----solution 解决方法
3．V+ ance 结尾
appear—appearance 外貌 ，出现 perform----performance 演出
4．V+ ing 结尾
bathe 洗澡---bathing end 结束----ending 结尾，结局
train 训练---training mean ---- meaning 意义
say-----saying 谚语
5．V+ 其他
Beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐 behave 行为，举止----behavior
know---knowledge fly—flight 飞行
heat 加热---heat 热量 hit 撞击------hit 轰动一时的人或物，碰撞
mix 混合-----mixture 混合物 press 按，压—pressure 压力
sit-----seat 座位 succeed-- success
tour 在-----旅游，在-----作巡回演出 直接+地点 tour China ---tour 旅游/ tourist 游客 

形容词改副词的方法
1.普通的+ly: 如quick—quickly; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly
2.以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i后再加ly:
 easy-easily,  happy-happily,  busy-busily; 
angry-angrily;  easy-easily;  heavy-heavily; 
3. 一个l结尾的还加ly:
careful -carefully; beautiful-beautifully ; real-really;
helpful - helpfully; careful -carefully; hopeful-hopefully
4. 两个l结尾的只加y：full-fully
5. 普通以e结尾的+ly：
late-lately ; accurate—accurately, grave-gravely; polite-politely; immediate-immediately, extreme--extremely; nice-nicely;
wide-widely; close—closely; unfortunate —unfortunately; 
wise-wisely;  rarely ; relatively;  absolutely;  completely;  rude-rudely
6. 以le结尾的去e加y: 如possible-possibly;  probable-probably, 
terrible-terribly,  gentle-gently,  sensible-sensibly,   simple-simply;
 considerable-considerably;  terrible-terribly； comfortable-comfortably;
 gentle-gently;  possible-possibly;  probable-probably;  incredible-incredibly
7. 以元音字母+e结尾的去e+ly :  true-truly,
8. 以ic 结尾的词，加ally，如：
economic-economically;  basic-basically;  scientific-scientifically; 
automatic-automatically;  energetic-energetically
需注意: friendly; motherly; lovely，likely，等词是形容词而非副词。

-ous表形容词，通常放在一个完整的单词后，表示“…的”
dangerous 危险的---danger 危险 mountainous 多山的---mountain 山
courageous 勇敢的---courage 勇气 poisonous 有毒的---poison 毒
advantageous 有利的---advantage 利益 famous有名的—fame various各种不同的—variety nervous紧张的—nerve ridiculous可笑的--ridicule glorious光荣的—glory spacious广大的—space suspicious怀疑的--suspicion desirous渴望的--desire渴望 humorous幽默的--humor风趣的 disastrous灾害的—disaster mysterious神秘的--mystery victorious胜利的---victory industrious勤勉的--industry curious好奇的--curiosity ambitious-有抱负的---ambition nutritious--nutrition有营养的 adventurous冒险的---adventure envious嫉妒的—envy cautious谨慎的---caution religious宗教的---religion anxious焦急的--anxiety delicious serious obvious previous numerous jealous generous conscious有意识的

名词参考答案：
一、语法填空之名词基础练习
1.advice 2.women, girl petition 4. existence 5. people’s
6.word 7. youth 8.eruption 9.curiosity 10.Shakespeare’s
11. growth 12.illnesses 13. sleeplessness 14.Japanese
15.exercise, exercises
二、高考与各地模拟题中语法填空中的名词考点
1. appreciation 2. entertainment 3. contributions 4. suggestion 5. attractions 6. similarities 7. warmth 8. approval 9. beauty

语法填空
1. A .从下文中可以看出这是一个报道表明,前文还没有出现,无须特指.考查冠词的用法.
2. useful. 提示词use有名词和动词的词性，在这里是要一个形容词修饰imformation.考察词性的判定和转化。
3. and. 从这个句子要表达的意思来看get 和 use是并列的谓语动词。
4. in . 固定搭配，in a way 表示用某种方法。
5. they. 这是一个省略了that/which 的定语从句，从句子成分来看，此句缺乏主语，是用来修饰websites,而关系代词在定语从句种作宾语，故省略，填they来作从句中的主语。
6. if .从上一句话承接下来的一个结果，但用了情态动词may,此空应该填连词来引导一个条件状语从句。
7. It. 形式主语it代替真正的主语-不定式to use the Internet.
8. which. 通过句子分析法可以知道这是一个非限制性的定语从句。
9. friends. 由语境，下文中online friends推断出make friends 这个短语。
10. meeting . 提示词meet虽有名词词性，但have a meeting是习惯搭配
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