英语诗歌欣赏市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语诗歌欣赏,Evaluation and Appreciation of English Poetry,第1页,第1页,“The literature that is written in some kind of verse form.,-a readers definition,“the best words in the best order.”,-Samuel Taylor Coleridge,“not the assertion that something is true,but the making of that truth more fully real to us.”,-T.S.Eliot,第2页,第2页,Literature that is not prose,1.a musical effect created by rhythm and sounds,2.a precise and fresh imagery,3.multiple levels of interpretation by the connotation of closer words and by allusions,第3页,第3页,.The Musical Effect of Poetry,Poetry has its roots in song.,epics,ballads,traveling bards,minstrels,Musical effects are mainly created by rhythm.,Foot-a group of syllables forming a metrical unit,a unit of rhythm.,Meter-the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables used in poem.,第4页,第4页,伐木丁丁，鸟鸣嘤嘤。,四言诗,欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。,五言诗,春风又绿江南岸。,七言诗第5页,第5页,monometer（单音步)pentameter（五音步）,dimeter（双音步）hexameter（六音步）,trimeter（三音步）heptameter（七音步）,tetrameter（四音步）octameter（八音步）,第6页,第6页,雪压冬云白絮飞,1 2 3 4,tetrameter,Twinkle twinkle little star,tetrameter,第7页,第7页,阴平、阳平、,上声、去声,平 仄,老夫喜作傍晚颂，满目青山夕照明。,仄平仄仄平平仄，仄仄平平仄仄平。,第8页,第8页,平仄互协,“音乐和有趣思想结合”,爱伦坡,“欲调曼声，必谐三声“（平上、去）,高下疾徐抑扬顿挫,汉语四声调特色,第9页,第9页,阴平声轻，阳平声重，上声后而举，去声清而远,stressed-accent 重音扬,unstressed-unaccented 轻音抑,five metric patterns,（音律）,第10页,第10页,1Iambic 抑扬格 ,:,control,2Trochaic 扬抑格,:,tiger,3Anapestic 抑抑扬格,:,contradict,4,Dactylic,扬抑抑格 :foolishness,5,Spondaic,扬扬格,:moonstone,第11页,第11页,l,The sky is high,the clouds are pale.,-iambic tetrameter 四步抑扬格,l,Double double toil and trouble,Fire burn and cauldron bubble,-Shakespeare,Its trochaic tetrameter.(四步扬抑格),第12页,第12页,l,Like a child from the womb,Like a ghost from the tomb,I arise and inbuilt it again.,-Shelley,-Anapestic tetrameter and trimeter,l,Id a dream to-night,As I feel asleep,-anapestic and iambic dimeter,第13页,第13页,Elegy written in a Country Churchyard,-Thomas Gray,The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,The lowing herd wind slowing oer the lea,The plowman homeward plods his weary way,And leaves the world to darkness and me.,第14页,第14页,The cur few tolls the knell of par ting day,The low ing herd wind slow ing oer the lea,The plow man homeward plodshis weary way,And leaves the world to dark ness and me.,第15页,第15页,There was a young la dy of Ni ger,Who smiled as she rode on a ti ger,They returned from the ride,第16页,第16页,With the la dy in sideAnd the smile on the face of the ti ger,A poem for appreciation-good and harmonious combination of rhythm and rhyme,.,第17页,第17页,My Hearts in the Highlands.,-Robert Burns,My hearts in the Highlands,my heart is not here,My hearts in the Highlands a-chasing the dear,A-chasing the wild deer and following the roe-,My hearts in the Highlands,wherever I go?,第18页,第18页,Farewell to the Highlands,farewell to the North,The birthplace of valor,the country of worth,Wherever I wonder,wherever I rove,The hills of Highlands for ever I love.,第19页,第19页,Farewell to the mountains high covered with snow,Farewell to the straths and green valleys below,Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods,Farewell to the torrents and loud-pouring floods.,第20页,第20页,*Rhyme(rime),大江歌罢掉头东 dong a ,邃密群科济世穷 qiong a rime together,面壁十年图破壁,bi b,难酬滔海亦英雄.xiong a ,第21页,第21页,A book of verse underneath the bough,A jug of wine,a loaf of bread-and thou,Beside me singing in the wilderness,O,wildness were paradise enow.,The first,second and fourth line rime together,.,From Omar Kheyyan-by Edward Fitzgerald,鲁拜集,第22页,第22页,美酒佐干粮，,树荫诵诗章，,君喉歌宛转，,荒漠即天堂。,郭沫若（译）,第23页,第23页,Types of Rhyme,1,.,1.,End rhyme（尾韵）-rhyme established at the end of verse line.,2.Internal rhyme,（中间韵）,-rhyme contained within a line of verse.,第24页,第24页,Spring,-Thomas Nash,Spring,the sweet spring,is the years pleasant king,Then blooms each thing,then maids dance in ring,Cold doth not sting,the pretty birds do sing.,Cuckoo,jug-jug,pu-we,to-witta-woo,!,第25页,第25页,The palm and may make country houses gay,Lambs frisk and play,the shepherds pipe all day,And we hear ay birds tune this merry lay,Cuckoo,jug-jug,pu-we,to-witta-woo!,第26页,第26页,The fields breathe sweet,The daisies kiss our feet;,Young lovers meet,Old wives a-sunning sit;,In every street these tunes our ears do greet,Cuckoo,jug-jug,pu-we,to-witta-woo!,Spring!the sweet spring:,第27页,第27页,The first stanza:,spring-thing-sting,king-ring-sing,The second stanza:,may-play-ay,gay-day-lay,第28页,第28页,The third stanza:,Sweet-meet-street,Feet-sit-great,Cuckoo,jug-jug,pu-we,to-witta-woo!,第29页,第29页,3.,Slant rhymean inexact rhyme where the final consonant sounds are the same but the vowel sounds are different.,near rhyme,half-rhyme,partial rhyme.,And by his smile,I know that sullen,hall,By his dead smile,I know we stood in,hell,.,第30页,第30页,1.,4.,Eye rhyme,-the rhyming of two words which look as if theyd rhyme,but do not.,e.g.move-love,第31页,第31页,1),One syllable rhyme,（押单韵）,or single rhyme,-usually called as masculine rime,male rime.,2),Double rhyme（押双韵）,-rhyme in which two consecutive syllables of the rhyme words match.The first syllable carries the stress.,Lightness,elegance feminine,female rhyme,e.gmotion-ocean waken-forsaken audition-rendition,第32页,第32页,3)Triple rhyme（三重韵）,e.g:glorious-victorious,第33页,第33页,*Other musical devices-the use of sounds,1.,Alliteration,首字韵,-repetition of two or more initial consonants sounds in words within a verse line.,e.g:When,f,ortitude has lost its,f,ire,And,freezes into,f,ear.,第34页,第34页,Itylus,-Swinburne,S,wallow,my,s,ister,o,s,ister,s,wallow,Why wilt thou fly after,s,pring to the,S,outh,The,s,oft,s,outh wither thine heart is,s,et.,第35页,第35页,bag and baggage,Might and main,hale and hearty,Time and tide wait for no man,thick and thin,fit as a fiddle,a pig in a poke,第36页,第36页,1,2.,Onomatopoeia 拟声词,-the use of a word whose sound suggests its meaning or which imitates the sound made by an object or creature.,e.g:cuckoo,jug-jug.,第37页,第37页,3.,Assonance,半谐词,-the repetition of two or more vowel sounds within a line,e.g:lake-fate feed-needs mate-shape,4.,Consonants,押辅音,-the repetition of two or more consonants sounds within a line.,e.g:The splendor,falls,on castle,walls,.,第38页,第38页,Homework:,The Tyger,-William Blake,Tyger!Tyger!burning bright,In the forests of the Night,What immortal hand or eye,Could frame thy fearful symmetry?,第39页,第39页,In what distant deeps or skies,Burnt the fire of thine eyes?,On what wings dare he aspire?,What the hand dare seize the fire?,And what shoulder,and what art,Could twist the sinews of thy heart?,And when thy heart began to beat,What dread hand?and what dread feet?,第40页,第40页,What the hammer?What the chain?,In what furnace was thy brain?,What the anvil?What dread grasp,Dare its deadly terrors clasp?,When the stars threw down their spears,And watered heaven with their tears.,Did he who made the lamb make thee?,第41页,第41页,Tyger!Tyger!burning bright,In the forests of the night.,What immortal hand or eye,Dare frame thy fearful symmetry?,Whats the Tyger standing for?,What does it symbolize for?,God B.the natures power,C.the people D.revolution,第42页,第42页,Rhythm,Foot or meter:mostly 3 feet in one line-trimeter,Metric pattern:mostly trochaic,第43页,第43页,Tyger!Tyger!burning bright,In the forests of the night,What im mortal hand or eye,Could frame thy fearfulsymmetry?,第44页,第44页,Trochaic trimeter ending with an extra accented syllable,Rhyme,Every two lines have the same rime,this is called rhyme in couple.,第45页,第45页,An accented one syllable,Single rhyme-masculine rhyme,Strong and powerful,Trochaic pattern,-a strong rhyme,Short sentences,Less feet-add the strength to the poem,第46页,第46页,So,Blake purposely uses the devices of rhythm and rhyme:male rhyme,less feet,and short metric pattern.All add more effect to the poem and give the readers a strong impression.,第47页,第47页,Other music devices,1.,1.,Alliteration-creating the powerfulness of the“Tyger”.,Burning bright,distant deeps,began to beat,dare its deadly terror clasp,第48页,第48页,2.Repetition,l,Perfect repetition of the first stanza at the end of the poem.,l,The frequent use of the word“dread”repeatedly reminds the reader that the Tyger is to be feared.,The pattern of the questions are insistently repeated.,第49页,第49页,What dread hand?And what dread feet?,What the hammer?What the chain?,What the anvil?What dread grasp?,To strengthen the music effect of the poem and powerfulness of the Tyger.,第50页,第50页,Conclusion,All the devices mentioned above in this poem strongly support the suggestion that Blake intended in it.(the poem),Blake,in fact,is pondering the nature of the God.Is this God cruel or gentle?He does not answer it directly,he raised so many questions for readers to think about.But by reading and analyze the poem,we come to know about that whatever the Tyger is,it is a powerful and fearless creator.,第51页,第51页,.Forms of Poetry,英诗形式,Simplicity to variety,The forms of English poetry are decided by the verse lines in each stanza,or one stanza,.,第52页,第52页,1.Couplet 双行诗,Two lines,the same rhyme,One prospect lost another still we g,ai,nAnd not a vanity is givn in v,ai,n.,第53页,第53页,3.三行体,A.triplet,The Poetry of Dress,-R.Herrick,第54页,第54页,Where is silk my Julia goes,Then,then how sweetly flows a ou,That liquefaction of her clothes,Next,when I cast mine eyes and see,That brave vibration each way free b i:,O how that glittering taketh me,第55页,第55页,B.terza rima,（意大利三韵句）,The rime scheme of this kind:aba bcb,cdc,ded,Theres a palace in Florence,the world knows well.a,And a statue watches it from the square.b,And this story of both do our townmen tell.,a,第56页,第56页,Ages ago,a lady there.b,At the farther window facing the eastc,Asked,who rides by with the royal air?b,第57页,第57页,3.Quatrain,（四行体诗）,A.One stanza quatrain,第58页,第58页,The Rain,-R.L.Stevenson,The rain is raining all round,.a,It falls on fields and tree,.b,It rains on the umbrellas here,.c,And on the ships at seab,第59页,第59页,B.More stanza quatrain,Freedom and Love,-T.Campbell,第60页,第60页,How delicious is the winning,of a kiss at loves beginning,when two mutual hearts are sighing,For the knot theres no untying,Yet remember,midst your wooing,love has bliss,but love has ruining,Other smiles may make you fickle,Tears for other charm may trickle,第61页,第61页,My Love Is Like a Red,Red Rose,-Robert Burns,O,my Luves like a red.red rose,Thats newly sprung in June;,O,my Luves like the melodie,Thats sweetly playd in tune.,第62页,第62页,As fair art thou,my bonnie lass,So deep in luve am I;,And I will luve thee still,my dear,Till a the seas gang dry.,Till a the seas gang dry,my dear,And the rocks melt wi the sun:,And I will luve thee still,my dear,While the sands o life shall run.,第63页,第63页,And fare thee weel,my only love,And fare thee weel a while!,And I will come again,my luve,Though it were ten thousand mile.,第64页,第64页,C.Ballad Stanza,（民谣四行诗）,Sir Patrick Spens,-an old Scotland ballad,第65页,第65页,The firstline that sir Patrick read,A loud laugh laughed he;,The heist line that sir Patrick read,The tear blinded his ee,They hadnt saild a league,a league,A league but barely three,when the lift grew dark,and the wind blew land,a gurly grew the sea,第66页,第66页,4.Five line stanza,五行诗体）,To A Skylark,-P.B.Shelley,第67页,第67页,hail to thee,blithe Spirit!,Bird thou never wert,That from heaver,or near it,Bourest they full heart,In profuse strains of unpremeditated art.,第68页,第68页,Higher still and higher,From the earth thou springest,like a cloud of Fire;,The blue deep thou wingest,And singing still dost soar,and soaring ever singest.,第69页,第69页,5.Six line stanza,（六行诗体）,The Moon,-Shelley,第70页,第70页,And like a dying lady lean and pale,who totters forth,wrappd in a gauzy veil,Out of her chamber,led by the insane,And feeble wandeings of her fading brain,The moon arose up in the murky east,A white and shapeless mass,第71页,第71页,6.Seven line stanza,（七行诗体）,Pentameter Iambic,ababbcc,Rape of Lucrece,-Shakespeare,第72页,第72页,When they had sworn to this advised doom,They did conclude to bear dead lucrece thence,To show her bleeding body through Rome,And so to publish Tarquins fon offencewhich being done with speedy diligence,The Romans plansibly did give consent,To Tarquins everlasting banishment,第73页,第73页,7.Eight line stanza,（八行诗体）,A.Ottava Rima,Pentameter iambic,abababcc,Don Juan,-Byron,第74页,第74页,Juan and haidee gazed upon each other with,swimming looks of speechless tenderness,which mixed all feeling,friends,child,lover,brother All that the best can mingle and express,And love too much,and yet cannot love less,But almost santify the sweet excess,By the immortal wish and power to bless,第75页,第75页,B.Triolet（法国体八行诗）,Only two rime:ABaAabaA,A Kiss,-Austin Dobson,第76页,第76页,Rose kissed me today,Will she kiss me tomorrow,let it be as it may,Rose kissed me today.,Rose kissed me today,Will she kiss me tomorrow,let it be as it may,Rose kissed me today.,第77页,第77页,8.,Nine line stanza（九行诗体）,Spenser-Spenserian Stanza ababbcbcc,Faerie Queene,-Spenser,(略),第78页,第78页,9.Ten line stanza,十行诗体）,Ode to the Nightingale,-J.Keats,第79页,第79页,My heart aches,and a drowsy numbness pains,My sense,as though of hemlock I had drunk,Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains,One minute past,and I Lethe-wards had sunk:,Tis not through envy of thy happy lot,But being too happy in thine happiness,-,That thou,light-winged Dryad of the trees,In some melodious plot,Of beechen green,and shadows numberless,Singest of summer in full-throated ease.,第80页,第80页,10.Sonnet,（十四行诗）,A.love sonnet,the octave-the first 8 lines:abba,abba,the sestet-the last 6 lines:cde,cde,cdc,dcd,On His Blindness,-John Milton,第81页,第81页,When I consider how my light is spent,Ere half my days,in this dark world and wide,And that one talent which is death to hide,Lodged with me useless,though my soul more bent,To serve therewith my Maker,and present,My true account,lest He returning chide,-,Doth God exact day-labour,light denied?,I fondly ask:-But Patience,to prevent,第82页,第82页,That murmur,soon replies;god doth not need,Either mans work,or His own gifts:who best,Bear His mild yoke,they serve Him best:his state,Is kingly;thousands at his bidding speed,And post oer land ocean without rest;-,They also serve who only stand wait.,第83页,第83页,B.Shakespearean Sonnet,Rhyme scheme:abab,cdcd,efef,gg,A Sonnet by Shakespeare,第84页,第84页,That time of year thou mayst in me behold,When yellow leaves,or none,or few,do hang,Upon those boughs which shake against the cold,Bare ruined choirs where late the sweet birds sang,In me thou seest the twilight of such day,As after sunset fadeth in the west,Which by-and-by black night doth take away,Deaths second self that seals up all in rest,第85页,第85页,In me thou seest the glowing of such fire,That on the ashes of his youth dorth lie,As the deathbed whereon it must expire,Consumed with that which it was nourished by,This thou perceivst,which makes thy love more strong,To love that well which thou must leave ere long.,第86页,第86页,Wordsworth（华兹华斯）,Shakespeare unlocked his heart,a glow-worm lamp,It cheered mild Spenser,called from fairy-land,To struggle through dark ways,and when a damp,Fe