Confucian-Cultural-Pattern-儒家文化(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 3 Confucian Cultural Pattern,1,2,2025/7/15 周二,Basic Confucian,Beliefs,Man is good,if good examples are set for him,Filial Piety,-devotion,loyalty to family,Obedience,and respect for authority,3,2025/7/15 周二,S,OME,BASIC FEATURES,Comes to be and develops in a condition of,conflict and social dissolution,Emphasis on,the family,as a pillar of social stability,Becomes the,dominant philosophy,(ideology)in China after 136 CE,Influence,on Chinese(and East-Asian)culture can hardly be overstated,4,2025/7/15 周二,KEY,PRINCIPLES,OF CONFUCIAN TEACHING,1.Social order and stability are based on,unequal relations,between people,5,2025/7/15 周二,Five Key Relationships,Ruler and Subject,(justice and loyalty),Husband and Wife,(initiative and obedience),Parent and Child,(love and filial piety),Older and Younger Sibling,(friendliness and reverence),Friends,(mutual faithfulness),Unequal Relationships(Kow Tow),君臣有义，父子有亲，夫妻有别，,长幼有序,，朋友有信,6,KEY PRINCIPLES OF CONFUCIAN TEACHING,2.,Family is prototype of all social relations.,“If the other is older than twice ones age,one must treat him like a father;if the other is older than within ten years,one must treat him like ones elder brother;if the other is not older than five years,one can walk with him a minor distance to show respect.”,7,2025/7/15 周二,CONFUCIAN TEACHING,Family is the,pillar,of the country and the society.,国家,(,guojia,)=state+family,国,=nation,家,=family,8,2025/7/15 周二,Confucius believed,that if people performed their familial roles properly,they would perform their roles in society and government properly.,As the song goes:,Family is the smallest state and the state is made up of thousands of families.,Parallel between family and state,9,2025/7/15 周二,KEY PRINCIPLES OF CONFUCIAN TEACHING,3.Proper social behavior consists of,not treating others as you would not like to be treated yourself.,10,2025/7/15 周二,More Confucian Virtues,己所不欲，勿施于人。,Recipricity,The Golden Rule:,“Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you.”,Li,(rites,ritual),the inherent“pattern”in things,For Confucius,Li,is especially significant in a social context propriety or etiquette,the“pattern”of humane behavior,11,2025/7/15 周二,CORE VALUES/VIRTUES,OF CONFUCIANISM,Humanity“,“benevolence”,to others,ren,仁,(6.23),Righteousness,or loyalty to your friends,yi,义,Rituals,manners or Customs,rather than lawsli,礼,(2.3),Wisdom,智,Credit or trustworthiness,信,12,2025/7/15 周二,Another virtue-FILIAL PIETY,“A Son should not stray far from his parents while they are alive.”,Parents,when alive,should be served according to ritual;when dead,they should be buried according to ritual;they should be sacrificed to according to ritual.,13,AN IMPORTANT BELIFE-HARMONY,Active,harmony,he,I,n harmony with nature,In harmony with others,Harmony without uniformity,14,2025/7/15 周二,Confucianism,A political and social philosophy seeking,social harmony,on all levels:,Within the self,the family,the community,.the state,the nation,the world,the cosmos,Learning from the past to improve the future,15,2025/7/15 周二,THE EMPHASIS ON EDUCATION,学,Process of education never ends(Xunzi 1.1),Education means improving ones“humanity”,becoming“more human”,Self-cultivation(,xiushen,修身,),Leads to profound,sense of responsibility,what you are is not only your self,16,2025/7/15 周二,THE GREAT LEARNING,(,DAXUE,大学,),Self,Family,country,World,17,2025/7/15 周二,Ultimate aim,of Confucianism,Self-transformation,of individuals,transcend egotistic desires and aspirations,A harmonious society of,civilized,educated individuals.,To expand the social awareness beyond the borders of ones local society,world peace,and,harmony,of diverse elements.,18,2025/7/15 周二,Confucianism-Texts,The“Five Classics”(of the past):,I-Ching,The Book of History(,Shu Ching,),The Book of Poems(,Shih Ching,),The Spring and Autumn Annals(,Chun Chiu,),The Book of Rituals(,Li Chi,),The“Four Books”(Confucian),Analects(,Lun Yu,),Doctrine of the Mean,The Great Learning,The Book of Mencius(,Meng-Tzu,),19,2025/7/15 周二,Is Confucianism a religion?,No,-Confucianism is not a religion but a set of practical principles and ethical rules for daily life.,But I said Confucianism,without being a religion can take the place of religion.Confucianism can give the mass of mankind the same sense of security and permanence which religion afford them.,-Ku Hongming,The spirit of Chinese People.,20,2025/7/15 周二,Confucianism as a Religion,Deification,of Confucius-statues,Confucian Temples honoring Confucius,Veneration,of the ancestors,Rituals within,the household,the village,the state,the nation,21,2025/7/15 周二,“Work hard when you are young or regret it when you are old”,“Women and peasants are hard.Be too intimate with them and they will not respect you.Be too distant and they will resent you”,More Teachings of Confucius,22,Confucius said:,“If the Ruler is upright,then the People will be upright”.,The emperors role was like that of a father:,he would love his subjects as if they were his children,and they in turn would show loyalty and respect for him,.,Remember the,Mandate of Heaven,?,What were signs that a ruler was NOT upright and had lost the Mandate?,23,2025/7/15 周二,Impact of Confucianism,After his death,Confucius disciples wrote his sayings in“The Analects”,Sacred Text,During the Han dynasty,it became,the basis of,Chinese government bureaucracy,-(imperial exams were based on Confucian ideas and ancient Chinese books),It influenced social life,government and education for over 2000 years.,24,2025/7/15 周二,