英语中考总复习：第一讲冠词.doc

英语中考全方位辅导 第1次课
全方位教学辅导教案

教 学
内 容
1. 了解英语句子的特点及规律。
2. 中考考点一：冠词的用法
重 点
难 点
1.理清英语词的类型及英语句子的特点。
2.常考冠词的用法。
教 学
目 标
1. 掌握各种词性的单词在句子中的位置及规律。
2. 掌握四种冠词：a, an, the, /的用法。
教

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课前交流
交流与沟通：
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课
（一） 理清英语的词类。
1.英语的词通常分为十大类：
词类
概念

例词
名词(noun，n.)
人和事物的名称
pen，English
代词(pronoun,pron.)
用来代替名词的词
we，his，all
动词(verb，v.)
表示动作和状态
write，walk，
形容词(adjective，adj.)
用来修饰名词
great,honest
副词(adverb，adv.)
修饰动词、形容词和副词的词.表程度、频率等。
quickly，often，very
数词(numeral，num.)
表示“多少”和“第几”的词
four，first，eighth
冠词(article，art.)，
说明名词所指的人或物的词
a，an，the
介词(preposition，prep.)
表示名词(或代词)与句子里其它词的关系
from，in
连词(conjunction，conj.)
连接词、短语、从句和句子的词
and，because
感叹词(interjection，int.)
表示感情
oh，aha，hush

2.英语的句子由主语部分与谓语部分组成。具体地讲，主要有下列六种句子成分

句子
成份
概念
与词的关系
主语
句子所要说明的人或事物，是一句的主体
名词和代词
e.g. I study English.
谓语
说明主语的动作或状态的
动词
e.g I like cakes.
表语
放在连系动词之后表示主语的身分或特征
名词、代词和形容词
e.g I am a student.
宾语

1. 表示及物动词或不及物动词短语动作的对象
2. 介词后面的名词或代词，叫做介词的宾语
名词和代词
e.g. I study English./They don't work on Sunday.
定语
限定或修饰名词或代词
形容词
e.g. He likes to drink co1d milk.
状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词
副词

e.g.He works hard.

（二）正确使用be动词。
be动词有：
比较下面的句子：
1.I am a student.
2.He is tall.
3.She is in the classroom.
be动词常表示： (1) ....是什么。
（2）....怎么样。
（3）....在哪里。
（三）含有实义动词的句子。
比较下面的句子：
1.The dog bit the boy.
2.The big dog bit the little boy.
3.The big dog with sharp teeth bit the little boy in blue.
4.The big dog with sharp teeth bit the little boy in blue badly .
5.The big dog with sharp teeth bit the little boy in blue badly on the playground.
6.The big dog with sharp teeth bit the little boy in blue badly on the playground
yesterday morning.
7.Yesterday morning, the big dog with sharp teeth bit the little boy badly in blue
who is a primary school student on the playground.

规律：英语中，把重要的东西先说。名词前常加上the, a,an,my等限定词。
修饰名词：“短修饰词”放在名词前，“长修饰短语或句子”放在名词后。
修饰动词：“短修饰词”可放动词前或后，“长修饰短语”放在动词后，如强调可放于句首，并用逗号隔开。
总之：“短放前，长放后”，一个句子只能有一个谓语。

(四) 冠词的用法
考查重点
冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和an的用法，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。
一.a和an的区别
不定冠词有a和an两种形式：
a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前
an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。
例如：a boy, a university, a useful book，a European country;
an hour, an honor, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,
口诀：不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩(n)
二.不定冠词的用法
1.泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。
A horst is an animal
2.泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。
A girl is waiting for you.
3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。
I have a computer.
4.表示“每一”，相当于every.
I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。
5.用在序数词前，表示又一”，“再一”。
I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.
6.用在某些固定词组中：
a lot(of), after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry ,
for a long time, have a good time ,have a look
三.定冠词的用法
1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。
The book on the desk is mine
2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。
Open the window, please.
3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。
I have a car. The car is red.
4.指世界上独一无二的事物。
Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?
5.用在序数词，形容词最高级前。
The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.
6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall 长城，the United States 美国
7.用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。
the poor穷人, the blind盲人
The poor in the village are friendly to the tourists. (一类人)
The man is very poor. However, the poor is very nice. （一个人）
8用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。
the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩
The Greens are watching TV now.
9.用在方位词前。
on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间
10.用在乐器名称前。
She plays the piano every day.
11.用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。
the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江
12.用在某些固定词组中：
all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外
四.零冠词的用法
1.棋类,球类运动,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词
play chess play football have supper
特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)
2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词.
In July in summer on Monday on Teachers’ Day
3.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词
Beijing is the capital of China
4.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词
Math is hard to learn
5.复数名词表示类别时不加冠词
They are workers I like eating apples
6.名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词
my book(正)；my the book(误)
7.在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。
No.25 Middle School
五.用与不用冠词的差异
in hospital住院 /in the hospital在医院里
in front of在…(外部的)前面 /in the front of在…(内部的)前面
at table进餐 /at the table在桌子旁
by sea乘船 /by the sea在海边
go to school(church…)上学(做礼拜…) /go to the school(church…)到学校(教堂…)去
two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人)
next year明年 /the next year 第二年
a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)
/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)

课 堂
检 测
2011中考英语试题解析版汇编 — 冠词
1.【河北省2011】. She learned to play piano all by herself.
A. a B. an C. the D.不填
2.【2011•河南省】. —What do you want to be in the future, Nick?
—I want to be _____ pilot. It is_____ exciting job.
A.a; a B. a; an C. the; an D, a; the
3.【2011黑龙江绥化市】There is______big supermarket in______center of our city.
A.a; the B. the; a C. the; the
4.【2011凉山】John can play _____ guitar, but he can’t play ______ chess.
A. the;/ B./;the C. the; the D. a; /
5.【2011广西贺州】—lily is coming by_____ plane tomorrow.
—Let s go to______airport to meet her.
A. a; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the
6.【2011郴州】—What ________ exciting sports show!
—Yeah, I love this game.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
7.【2011山东滨州】 ---How was ________ dinner at Mike’s house?
---It was great. Mike’s mum is _________ wonderful cook.
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; an
8.【2011山东泰安】 —Did you get there by ______ bike?
—No, I took ______ taxi.
A. a; a B. 不填; a C. the; the D. a; the
9.【2011浙江台州】－What are you going to be when you grow up?
－ teacher like you.
A. A B. An C. The D./
10.【2011山东潍坊】 On March 11, 2011 _____ earthquake hit Japan.
A. an B. a C. \ D. the
11.【2011山东聊城】There’s ______ apple on the table. _______ apple is for my little brother.
A. a; An B. an; An C. the; An D. an; The
12.【2011广安市】21. — What’s your hobby, Lucy?
—I like playing _____piano best.
A. a B. / C. the D. an
13.【2011浙江舟山】— Who’s that lovely girl?
— You mean ______ girl with long hair? That’s Kate.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
14.【2011四川内江】My birthday is coming. Dale will send me ___ e - dog as my birthday present.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
15.(2011江苏宿迁)Lily is ______ active girl and she is fond of playing ______ volleyball.
A. an; a B. a; the C. an; / D. a; /
16.【2011温州】Lucy is__ good girl. She often helps others.
A.a B.an C.the D./
17.【2011浙江衢州】Justin Bieber is ______Canadian singer and he has lots of fans.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
18.【2011 山东烟台】 --Do you know ______ man in blue?
--Yes, he’s a professor of_________ university.
A. the, a B. a, an C. the, an D. / , the
19.【2011湖北黄冈】 As we know, England is________　European country and Singapore is________Asian country.
A. an; an B. an; a C .a; a D. a; an
20.【2011湖北十堰】 ---Who’s ___________ boy in red, do you know?
---Oh. He’s __________ friend of Tom’s.
A. the, a B. an, the C. a, the D. the, an
21.【2011湖北黄石】— Look at _______ skirt. I bought it for Mother on Mothers’ Day, isn’t it nice?
— Oh, what _______ nice present!
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. a; 不填
22【2011上海】This novel can make you laugh and cry at _____ same time.
A) a B) an C) the D) /
23【2011•无锡】We will see __________ even stronger China in __________ near future.
A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. an; a
24【2011湖南永州】We should often help _______poor.
A. a B. 不填 C. the D. an
25【2011安徽芜湖】 English is _________ international language.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
26【2011·苏州】— What’s your favourite fruit?
— Apples. You know, ________ apple a day keeps the doctor away.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
27【2011•四川成都】—Is magazine yours, Joe?
—No, I don't have magazine.
A. a; a B. the; the C. the; a D. the; /
28【2011湖南长沙】I usually go to school on ________foot.
A a B. the C. / D. an
29【2011新疆阜康】Yao Ming, NBA star, will continue matches this season.
A. an, the B. an, a C. a, the D. the, a
30.【2011山东威海】 There is _______report in today's newspaper. It's about_______sports meeting that will be held in Weihai.
A. a; the B. an; the C. the; the D. a; a
课 后
作 业
1. 熟悉词性的概念及其主要作句子的何种成分。
2. 完成冠词的其他练习，并认真查看该题在哪个考点。
1.【2011江苏淮安】Lady Gaga is ________very popular singer. She has lots of fans.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2【2011•株洲】 I am going to make ________special house for my pet pig this weekend.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
3.【2011重庆】21. Look! There is ________ cat in the tree.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4.【2011山东济宁】I like music, but I don’t like ______ music of this film.
A. a B. an C. the D.不填
5.【2011四川乐山】 – By the end of this year, China’s state and provincial (省的) libraries will be free to the public.
–That’s _______ good news for those who often go to these places.
A. a B. the C. 不填 D. an
6.【2011湖南湘西】Sam wants to be _________ actor.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
7.【2011湖南益阳】 —Why do you like Jack? —Because he is honest boy.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
8.【2011江苏徐州】Beijing, _______ capital of China, has _______ long history.
A. a; a B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. 不填；the
9.【2011沈阳】I don’t know the city. Where can I find _____ good restaurant?.
A. a B. an C. the D. (不填)
10.【2011内蒙古包头】Let’s have ________ rest; I want to make_________ telephone call.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D the; the
11【2011贵州贵阳】 "Cindy, do you have ________e-mail address? I want to send you some photos. "
"Yes, I do. It's cindy]26@ sohu. com. "
A. a B. an C. the D. /
12.【2011四川宜宾】A horse is _______ useful animal.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
13【2011天津】 We usually go to ______ school on weekdays, and sometimes go to______ cinema at weekends.
A. 不填；the B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填
14【2011乌鲁木齐】. _are planning to go on vacation.
A. Black's B. A Black's C. The Black's D. The Blacks
15【2011连云港】 Mr Wang has worked as ______ English teacher for more than 10 years.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
16.【2011呼和浩特】 ----How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?
----It takes us hour or more to go to my hometown by train.
A. an; a B. a ; an C. an; / D. a; /
17【2011四川达州】21.—What useful book it is!
—Yeah, it tells you how to play guitar.
 A. an； the B. a； a C. a； the D. an； a
18【2011•四川广元】Susan joined an art club at ＿＿＿age of six and paints well.
A. the B. an C.a D. /
19【2011福建莆田】It is ________ popular way among the young people to chat on the Internet now.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
20.【2011广东深圳】 — Do you know ______ girl who is standing under ____ tree?
— Of course! She is Lucy, my classmates.
A. the, the B. a, a C. a, / D. /, the
21.【2011梧州】There is _____ pencil on the desk.
A.an B. a C. the D. /
22【2011湖南湘西】I often go to school ________.
A. by bus B. by a bus C. by the bus D. by buses
23【2011•广西柳州】Mrs Smith has _____ son and a daughter.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
24【2011清远】Her daughter began to play _____ piano when she was five. Now she's very good at it.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
25【2011山东菏泽】On April 12, 1961，_____27—year—old Yuri Gagarin(尤里.加加林)became the first human to go into_____ space.
A. the;不填 B. the; the C. a;不填 D. a; the
26【2011·福州中考】— What does Michael look like?
— He has big eyes and _______ wide mouth.
A. a B an C. the D. /
27【2011浙江杭州】Which of the following phonetic transcription(音标) is right for the phrase “the egg”?
A./ðə eg/ B. /ði eg/ C. /θi eg/ D. / di eg/

28【2011浙江金华】My mother is _______English teacher in No. 2 Middle School.
A.   a           B.   the          C.   an           D,   /
29【2011•兰州】Our Chinese teacher told us interesting story and story was about Thomas Edison.
A. an; a B.the; the C.a; the D. an; the
30【2011浙江丽水】The evening party was really fun. We had _________ great time.
A. a B. an C. the D．不填
31【2011山东临沂】Photography can be ______excellent hobby for kids.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
32（2011·南京） –What do you usually have for ______ breakfast, Peter?
–A friend egg, three pieces of bread and a glass of milk.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
33【2011•山东青岛】 — Have you seen_ pen? I left one here this morning.
— Is it___________ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.
A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the
34【2011•扬州】—There’s ______ ball on the ground. Would you please pass ______ ball to me?
—With pleasure.
A. the; the B. the; a C. a; a D. a; the
35【2011广东】 I really like ______ book you lent me yesterday.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
36【2011四川德阳】Fred plays _____ piano after _____ supper every day.
A. the; the B. /; the C. the; /
37【2011四川绵阳】The young man plays violin very well, but he plays basketball badly.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the;不填
38【2011•盐城】Ge You is popular film star in China, who likes listening to music.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
39【2011•佛山】Lao She was a very famous writer and even young like his works.
A. the B. / C. a D. an
40【2011•佛山】21. In LA Lingling lived with Smiths and got on well with the host family.
A. a B. the C. / D. An

Keys: 1-5:ABACC 6-10 CBCAA 11-15 BAADC 16-20 CCAAA
21-25 BAACA 26-30 ABCDA 31-35CDDDC 36-40 CDAAB

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